The document discusses the concepts of measurement, assessment, and evaluation within outcomes-based education, particularly focusing on indicators, variables, and factors. It outlines the definitions and examples of educational variables, how to measure them, and the correlation between different groups of variables related to academic abilities. The content emphasizes collaborative teaching and the importance of achieving defined learning objectives in educational assessment.

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XYNA ALVERO
REPORTER:

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CHAPTER 2
MEASUREMENT, ASSESSMENT AND
EVALUATION IN OUTCOMES-BASED
EDUCATION
ED 106 – ASSESSMENT IN LEARNING 1

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s. We can build these lessons together and I am happy to model, co-teach, observe, and/or provide feedback to help you
succeed!
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
• define indicator, variable, and factor
• apply the formula of measuring indicator, variable, and factor.
Objectives

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An educational variable (denoted by an English alphabet, like X) is a measureable
characteristic of a student. Variables may be directly measureable as in X= age or X= height
of a student.
Measuring Indicators, Variables and Factors

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An indicator, I, denotes the presence or absence of a measured characteristic.
Thus:
I = 1, if the characteristic is present
I = 0, if the characteristic is absent
Measuring Indicators, Variables and Factors

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For example:
X= class participation
I= participation of a student
n= class recitations
Measuring Indicators, Variables and Factors

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let X = sum of the I's divided by n recitations
X= sum of I/n
n = 10
I = 5
X = 5/10 or 50%.
Measuring Indicators, Variables and Factors

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Indicators are the building blocks of educational measurement upon which all other forms of
measurement are built. A group of indicators constitute a variable. A group of variables form
a construct or a factor. The variables which form a factor correlate highly with each other
but have low correlations with variables in another group.
Measuring Indicators, Variables and Factors

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s. We can build these lessons together and I am happy to model, co-teach, observe, and/or provide feedback to help you
succeed! XI= computational skills
X2= reading skills
X3 = vocabulary
X4 = logic and reasoning
X5 = sequences and series
X6= manual dexterity
Measuring Indicators, Variables and Factors
Example: The following variables were measured in a battery of tests:

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These variables can be grouped as follows:
Group 1: (X1, X4, X5) = mathematical ability factor
Group 2: (X2, x3)= language ability factor
Group 3: (X6)= psychomotor ability factor
Measuring Indicators, Variables and Factors

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Let X= percentage of students who participated the basketball free throw activity
n= 15 free throws
I= 6 class participation
What is X?
Let’s try this!

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Thank you for listening.