This document discusses measurement systems. It defines measurement as comparing a quantity to a predefined standard unit. Examples given are using a ruler to measure length and weighing scales to measure mass. A measurement system is needed to provide a standard way to compare entities and indicate exact quantities. The document outlines several historical systems like FPS, MKS and CGS and notes that the current international standard is the SI system which uses units like meters, kilograms and seconds. It lists some common SI units and gives examples of instruments like a thermometer and rain gauge that apply measurement in particular domains.