This document describes the material flows for a nuclear fuel cycle, including uranium conversion, fuel fabrication, fresh fuel storage, reactor use, and spent fuel storage. Key points include: - Uranium is converted to UF6 then UO2, fabricated into fuel assemblies, stored as fresh fuel, used in two reactor units, then stored as spent fuel. - Material quantities at each stage are provided, as well as estimated processing times. - Safeguards and monitoring measures are described for each facility, including CCTV, radiation detectors, seals, and item tracking. - Uncertainty calculations are shown for material measurements and balances. - Tables provide material flow details including beginning and ending

1. Material Flows for the Nuclear
Fuel Cycle
Presented by: Rashid Alsuwaidi

2. Uranium
Conversion
Fuel Fabrication
Fresh Fuel
Storage
Reactor Units 1+2
Spent Fuel Storage
UF6 UO2
Fresh
Fuel
Fresh
Fuel
Spent
Fuel
1
2
45
3
6

3. UF6 UO2
FRESH
FUEL
SPENT
FUEL
material type
special
fissionable
special
fissionable
special
fissionable
special
fissionable
material category indirect indirect indirect
irradiated
direct
material form bulk bulk item item
Significant
quantity(kg) 75kg 75kg 75kg 8kg
estimated conversion
times(months) 3 to 12 3 to 12 3 to 12 1 to 3
timeliness
goals(months) 12 12 12 3

4. Uranium Conversion & Fuel
Fabrication
C/S Measures
Transport flasks
CCTV
Radiation
Detector
RMS Measures
Track material
movement

5. Fresh & Spent Fuel Storage
C/S Measures
Two person rule
CCTV
Radiation
Detector
Active monitoring
Access control
RMS Measures
Motion
detectors
Item
accountability
Seals

6. Reactor Unit 1&2
C/S Measures
Access Control
Radiation
detectors
RMS Measures
Item
accountability
Item tracking

7. C/S & RMS measures
 You will need CCTV for remote surveillance in each MBA
 Seals will be needed were large containers of material is be
being stored .
 Radiation Detection will be needed at all entrances and exits
to the facilities.
 Motion Detectors needed in storage areas to notify of any
intrusion.
 Two person rule as a C/S measure in storage areas so that
they are both supervising each other.

8. Uncertainty Calculations
PMCG
FRScan 1.41%
measurement uncertainty calculations
3.61%
• (12+ 12) =1.41
• (32+ 22) =3.61

9. Material Flows
function beginning(kg)beginning(assemblies)ending(kg) ending(assemblies) in waste holdup out
conversion 0 N/A 0 N/A 1800 36 36 1728
fuelfab 0 N/A 8.88 N/A 1728 17.28 51.84 1584
freshfuel 1210 55 1694 77 1584 1100
reactor1 3300 150 3300 150 N/A N/A
reactor2 3300 150 3300 150 1100 275
SNF
Storage 1100 200 1375 250 275 0
U-235 materialflow(kg)U-235 inventory(kg)
Uranium Conversion
Holdup:2%
Wastew:2%
Fuel Fabrication
Holdup:3%
Waste:1%
• 22/0.04=550kg spent uranium
total
• 550kg*1%=5.5kg U-235
• 5.5kg*50=275 kg spent fuel

10. Material Unaccounted For
beg.(kg) end(kg) in out holdup waste MUF
VALUE 0 8.88 1728 1584 17.28 51.84 66
UNCERTAINTY 0 0.321 0 22.33 0 0 22.33
• 8.88*0.0361=0.321
• 1584*0.0141=22.33
• MUF=1728-1584-17.28-
51.84=66
66 < 3*22.33=67
No but possible since the value is too large