The document provides a lesson on using "~ましょうか/~mashouka" to propose doing something for someone else in Japanese. It gives examples of offering to close the blinds, turn on the lights, or turn on the air conditioning in a classroom. It also discusses using "~ましょうか" to lead others in an activity or accept and reject offers of assistance. Finally, it covers using "~から/~kara" to provide an explanation or reason for a proposal.

1. Lesson 16
Proposing to do something for someone
Lesson Recap
Oct. 9th, 2010

2. ∼ましょうか／∼ mashouka
Here s the introduction of the lesson
When we started the lesson, the blinds of windows in the classroom was all opened and
it was glaring. So I proposed to students as ;
せんせい：ブラインドを しめましょうか。 Shall I close the blinds?
sensei buraindo o shime mashouka
After all blinds were closed the room became dark and we could hardly see each other.
(oops, it s exaggerated a bit. . . )
せんせい： でんきを つけましょうか。 Shall I turn the lights on?
sensei denki o tsuke mashouka
Then the room became fairly bright, but we found the room was too hot.
せんせい： エアコンを つけましょうか。 Shall I turn the AC on?
sensei eyakon o tsuke mashouka あついです
In Lesson 15 we learned ∼ましょうか meaning let s ∼ . ∼ましょうか is also used in the sense of
mashouka mashouka
let me do something for someone in offering/proposing assistance.
Vocabulary ブラインド = blinds でんき = lights エアコン = AC(air conditioning)
buraindo denki eyakon
しめます = to close/shut つけます = to turn lights, TV, radio, and most of electric devices
shimemasu tsukemasu

3. Accepting and Rejecting an offer
If you see someone having a hard time opening the lid of a bottle, for instance,
you can offer help by saying:
ふたを あけましょうか。 Shall I open the lid?
futa o ake mashouka
ええ／はい、おねがいします。 Yes, please.
ee hai onegai shimasu
いいえ、けっこうです。 No, thank you.
iie kekkoudesu
Or, if you see someone carrying heavy baggage, you can offer help by saying:
にもつを もちましょうか。 Shall I carry the baggage?
nimotsu o mochi mashouka
ええ／はい、おねがいします。 Yes, please.
ee hai onegai shimasu
いいえ、けっこうです。 No, thank you.
iie kekkoudesu
Vocabulary ふた = lid にもつ = luggage, baggage あけます = to open もちます = to carry, hold
futa nimotsu akemasu mochimasu

4. ∼ましょうか／∼ mashouka
Drill-1
∼ましょうか？
mashouka
Your friend just broke his legs and stays in bed. You may want to help him out in many different ways.
Please offer something for him using cues below ;
to open windows/door for him, to turn the light/TV/AC on, to bring water/soda, and so on.

5. ∼ましょうか／∼ mashouka
Drill-2
∼ましょうか in this Drill-2 is not exactly used in the sense of let me do something for someone
mashouka
in offering/proposing assistance. In the meantime, you can make a proposal with ∼ましょうか to
mashouka
usher people in the sense of let me lead to do something for someone as well.
れい：バスで いきます。 → バスで いきましょうか。
rei ba s u d e i kim asu . basu de ikimashouka.

6. Now please try to usher people in the sense of let me lead to do something for someone with
ましょうか in the following situations.
mashouka
*utai masu/ to sing

7. ∼が あります／∼ ga arimasu
In Lesson 8 &9, we learned X があります that means there is/are X (nonliving object) . The
ga arimasu
particle が introduces, or presents the item X, and you can tell that there is the item X at a
certain location. In Lesson 16, you can also use あります to say that you have or own something.
arimasu
わたしは くるまが あります。
watashi wa kuruma ga arimasu
I have a car.
わたしは じかんが ありません。
w at as hi w a j i kan ga ari mas en
I don t have time.
We also use あります when we want to say that an event will take place.
arimasu
わたしは かようびに テストが あります。
watashi wa kayoubi ni tesuto ga arimasu
I have an exam on Tuesday.
わたしは らいしゅう やすみが ありません。
w at as hi w a r ai s h uu y asu mi g a ar i m ase n
I don t have a day-off next week.

8. ∼が あります／∼ ga arimasu Drills
Exercise 3 (p154) : State what on has. Make up sentences following the pattern of the
example. Substitute the underlined word with the words suggested by the illustration.
ex. わたしは おかねが あります。
watashi wa okane ga arimasu
1. わたしは かさが あります。
watashi wa kasa ga arimasu
2. わたしは えいがの きっぷが あります。
watashi wa eiga no kippu ga arimasu
3. わたしは じかんが あります。
watashi wa jikan ga arimasu
4. わたしは かいぎが あります。
watashi wa kaigi ga arimasu
5. わたしは にほんごの じゅぎょうが あります。
watashi wa nihongo no jugyou ga arimasu
6. わたしは やすみが あります。
watashi wa yasumi ga arimasu

9. ∼が あります／∼ ga arimasu Drills
Extended drill : Ask and answer what Mr. Miller has. Make up dialogues following the pattern
of the example. Substitute the underlined word with the words suggested by the illustration.
(We did not practice this drill in the last lesson so please challenge it! )
ex. List of Mr. Miller s belongings
Q : ミラーさんは くるまが ありますか。
miraa-san wa kuruma ga arimasuka
A : いいえ、 ありません。
iie arimasen
1. じてんしゃ/jitensha
Q : ミラーさんは くるまが ありま すか。
miraa-san wa
A :
2. iPad (あいぱっど／ai paddo) 4. パソコン/pasokon
Q : ミラーさんは くるまが ありま すか。 Q : ミラーさんは くるまが ありま すか。
miraa-san wa miraa-san wa
A : A :
3. けいたい/keitai 5. ゴルフクラブ/gorufu kurabu (golf club set)
Q : ミラーさんは くるまが ありま すか。 Q : ミラーさんは くるまが ありま すか。
miraa-san wa miraa-san wa
A : A :

10. ∼から／∼ kara
Two sentences which are connected with から(because) explains the reason or the cause of a
kara
situation, proposal, and so forth. In this lesson, we learn with proposal situations as below:
(explanation) から、(situation)。
A : （わたしは）かさが ２ほん ありますから、かしましょうか。
watashi wa kasa ga ni-hon arimasu kara kashi mashouka
Shall I lend you an umbrella because I have two of them.
B : はい、おねがいします。
hai onegai shimasu
Yes, please.
A : （わたしは）くるまが ありますから、いっしょに にっこうに いきませんか。
watashi wa kuruma ga arimasu kara issho ni nikkou ni iki masenka
Why don t we go to Nikko together because I have a car.
B : ええ、ぜひ。
ee zehi
Yes, I d love to.