Mary Wollstonecraft was an 18th century English writer and philosopher who advocated for women's rights. She is most famous for her work "A Vindication of the Rights of Woman" which argues that women should receive a rational education in order to develop their minds and become independent. Currently, women are denied their full potential and taught that their primary value is in their beauty. Wollstonecraft wants to inspire a revolution where women are seen as equal to men and not just playthings or objects to please men. She believes that with education to develop reason, women could be virtuous partners in marriage and good mothers who do not merely spoil their children.

1. DONE BY:
DAREEN
•Mary Wollstonecraft
A Vindication of the
Rights of Woman

2. MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT
• (1759-1797)
• She was an English writer and philosopher from the 18th century.
• And she was advocate of Women's rights.
• She became famous about her writing in vindication of women's rights.

3. MARY'S LIFE
• Her father was violent man,
• Who would beat his wife and squandered the family's money on financial
speculation .
• She was intellectually curious as a child and had strong female friendship
in her youth.
• she move out of her unhappy home life.

4. • She opened a school with her friend Fanny Blood, but it was soon
disbanded.
• She soon quit to become an author her early writings such as thoughts on
education of daughter largely addresses pedagogical issues.
• She was heavily influenced by John Locke.
• She argued that girls should be educated to acquire that necessary
resources to live independent and virtuous lives.

5. • The goal of education for both sexes should be the formation of strong
character able to face life's adversities.
• In 1792 she published (A Vindication of the Rights of Women), as a
responded to the 18th century political theorists who believed that women
should not receive a rational education.
• Wollstonecraft divided the book into 13 chapter.

6. VINDICATION OF RIGHTS OF WOMAN
• She wrote this book on overcoming the ways in which women in her time
are oppressed and denied their potential in society, with concomitant
problems for their households and society as a whole.

7. CHAPTER 1,2 AND 3
• In the first chapter
• Wollstonecraft promotes reason and rationality.
• and discusses the negative effects of absolute, arbitrary political power
and the vices associated.
• Chapters two and three
• detail the various ways in which make a women subordinate.

8. • They are taught that their looks are their main concern.
• They are seldom independent and tend not to exercise reason.
• Wollstonecraft wants to inspire a "revolution in female manners."

9. CHAPTER 4,5
• In chapter four
• she reject the premise that pleasure is the ultimate goal of a woman's life.
• Reason and common sense are usually ignored in favor of emotion and
sentiment, and young girls are taught every early to concern themselves
only with their persons.
• In chapter five
• Wollstonecraft criticize many of the writers who have maintain these ideas.

10. CHAPTER 6,7 AND 8
• In chapter six
• Wollstonecraft examines effects of poor education and negative trends on
small children.
• Wollstonecraft defends women for generally being rote learners: after all,
they have been taught to obey, not to question, and not to focus on
rigorous topics.
• In chapters seven and eight
• Wollstonecraft addresses the subject of modesty and explains that
modesty is not the same as humility.

11. CHAPTER 9,10 AND11
• In chapter nine
• Wollstonecraft calls for more financial independence for women.
• Chapters ten and eleven
• concern parenting duties, repeating that there must be reforms in
education for women to be good mothers who neither tyrannize over their
children's nor spoil them.

12. CHAPTER 12 AND 13
• Chapter twelve
• concerns Wollstonecraft's ideas for education reform.
• These include a conflation of public and private education, co-education,
and a more democratic educational structure.
• Chapter thirteen
• sums up her arguments.

13. • She details the various ways in which women indulge their silliness.
• engaging in rivalries with other women; immoderately caring about dress
and manners.
• Overall, women's faults do not result of a natural deficiency but stem from
their low status in society and insufficient education.

14. THEMES
Women and Femininity
• The issue at the heart of Wollstonecraft's writing is how society should
treat women, and that women's minds are just as capable of reason and
virtue as men are.
• What matters to Wollstonecraft is the quality of a person's mind, and there
is no difference between the quality of men and women's minds.

15. • The need for a "revolution in female manners"
• She desires that women throw off the bond's men place upon them in
terms of rendering them only beautiful.
• she wants them to attain a rational education, develop their reason.
• They should not be a second-class species or mere playthings of men.

16. •Marriage as friendship
• Wollstonecraft envisioned an ideal marriage as one that was underpinned by the
traits of a good friendship: mutual esteem, respect, generosity, and compromise.
• A husband and wife should be partners and have things in common.

17. • The problems of sensibility
• Wollstonecraft is quite vociferous in her criticism of sensibility.
She was disgusted with the silliness of women.
• Yet, women's bodies are not primarily for men to act upon, and
a woman's mind should not become a soft, underdeveloped mass.

18. • Reason and rationality
• Wollstonecraft argues that women should stop focusing on their emotions
and try to use their rational faculties.
• Women must develop reason so as to be effective and fair parents.
• Liberalism
• In its time, this meant that liberalism tended to support male heads of
household, who were the usual property owners.

19. • Education reform
• Wollstonecraft was a passionate advocate for education reform.
• Enriching middle-class women's lives
• A Vindication of the Rights of Woman is perceived primarily as a text
addressed to middle-class women.

20. QUTATION
• Wollstonecraft claims to find more
beauty in an independent woman
than in one who is only known for her
good looks.
This goes along with her overall
argument about valuing personal
characteristics over physical beauty.
Chapter 9
"How much more respectable
is the woman who earns her
own bread by fulfilling any
duty, than the most
accomplished beauty".
Analysis

21. Thank you