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Theorising and Implementing
a Model for Teaching and
Assessing Reflective Learning
in Higher Education


Mary Ryan
Faculty of Education, QUT

Plenary Address EAC2011, Perth, 17 October

Supported by the Australian Learning and Teaching
Council
Reflective learning is a way to…

•   Promote higher-order critical thinking
•   Consider different possibilities and actions
•   Link old ideas with new ones
•   Stimulate creative solutions
•   Encourage life-long learning
•   Draw on evidence to plan future actions
•   Improve practice
•   Create cohesiveness across course
Key issues around reflection in higher
education

   Difficulty of moving students from recount or
    description to deep, critical reflection
   Seen as easy marks
   How can you assess it?
   Means different things in different units
   Smorgasbord approach
   Difficult to teach
   Time constraints
Academic Reflection
• Not the same as personal reflection

• Needs to be causal

• Needs to provide evidence and link to
  theory – higher order thinking

• Needs to plan future action

• Needs to show knowledge of discipline
  using appropriate expressive resources
Some key findings: needs to be…

    • Theorised and systematic (teach all
      levels)
    • Course-wide (but not to saturation point)
    • Implemented through pedagogy and
      assessment, with shared language and
      requisite trust
    • Facilitated by resources
    • Top down and bottom-up

• Must relate to the pedagogic field rather
  than a smorgasbord of activities...
The TARL Model
(Teaching & Assessing Reflective
Learning)
Teaching Patterns
•Teaching Patterns ...
•try to capture important elements
of a proven teaching technique.
•are a bit like a cooking recipe, but
without prescription.
•are highly structured.
•are abstract so that they cover a
wide set of implementations.
•constantly evolve through
experience and refinement.
•act as boundary objects to enable
rich professional dialogue.
•are the basis for a pattern
language when used by a creative
teaching community.
Pedagogic Hub
A Pattern Language
•   is a set of interrelated
    teaching patterns
    organised around a
    community of teachers.

•   can be associated with a
    course or a particular
    skill or disposition like
    reflection.

•   can be structured to
    show various
    relationships between
    patterns.

                     http://edpatterns.net
Embedding the model
1. Developmental (course-wide)

2. Shared language – 4Rs

3. Part of assessment

4. Pedagogy as a ‘balancing act’
Publications:
• Ryan, Mary (2011). Improving reflective writing in higher education:
  A social semiotic perspective. Teaching in Higher Education, 16(1),
  99-111.

• Ryan, Mary (in press 2011). Spaces of possibility in pre-service
  teacher education. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 32(6).

• Ryan, Mary & Ryan, Michael (in press). Theorising a Model for
  Teaching and Assessing Reflective Learning in Higher Education.
  Higher Education Research & Development.

• Ryan, Mary (in press). Conceptualising and teaching discursive and
  performative reflection in higher education. Studies in Continuing
  Education.
Websites and contact details
Main project website:
 www.drawproject.net

Pedagogic patterns:
 www.edpatterns.net

Contact:
Dr Mary Ryan me.ryan@qut.edu.au

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Mary ryan plenary presentation teaching & assessing reflective learning in he

  • 1. Theorising and Implementing a Model for Teaching and Assessing Reflective Learning in Higher Education Mary Ryan Faculty of Education, QUT Plenary Address EAC2011, Perth, 17 October Supported by the Australian Learning and Teaching Council
  • 2. Reflective learning is a way to… • Promote higher-order critical thinking • Consider different possibilities and actions • Link old ideas with new ones • Stimulate creative solutions • Encourage life-long learning • Draw on evidence to plan future actions • Improve practice • Create cohesiveness across course
  • 3. Key issues around reflection in higher education  Difficulty of moving students from recount or description to deep, critical reflection  Seen as easy marks  How can you assess it?  Means different things in different units  Smorgasbord approach  Difficult to teach  Time constraints
  • 4. Academic Reflection • Not the same as personal reflection • Needs to be causal • Needs to provide evidence and link to theory – higher order thinking • Needs to plan future action • Needs to show knowledge of discipline using appropriate expressive resources
  • 5. Some key findings: needs to be… • Theorised and systematic (teach all levels) • Course-wide (but not to saturation point) • Implemented through pedagogy and assessment, with shared language and requisite trust • Facilitated by resources • Top down and bottom-up • Must relate to the pedagogic field rather than a smorgasbord of activities...
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8. The TARL Model (Teaching & Assessing Reflective Learning)
  • 9. Teaching Patterns •Teaching Patterns ... •try to capture important elements of a proven teaching technique. •are a bit like a cooking recipe, but without prescription. •are highly structured. •are abstract so that they cover a wide set of implementations. •constantly evolve through experience and refinement. •act as boundary objects to enable rich professional dialogue. •are the basis for a pattern language when used by a creative teaching community.
  • 11.
  • 12. A Pattern Language • is a set of interrelated teaching patterns organised around a community of teachers. • can be associated with a course or a particular skill or disposition like reflection. • can be structured to show various relationships between patterns. http://edpatterns.net
  • 13. Embedding the model 1. Developmental (course-wide) 2. Shared language – 4Rs 3. Part of assessment 4. Pedagogy as a ‘balancing act’
  • 14. Publications: • Ryan, Mary (2011). Improving reflective writing in higher education: A social semiotic perspective. Teaching in Higher Education, 16(1), 99-111. • Ryan, Mary (in press 2011). Spaces of possibility in pre-service teacher education. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 32(6). • Ryan, Mary & Ryan, Michael (in press). Theorising a Model for Teaching and Assessing Reflective Learning in Higher Education. Higher Education Research & Development. • Ryan, Mary (in press). Conceptualising and teaching discursive and performative reflection in higher education. Studies in Continuing Education.
  • 15. Websites and contact details Main project website: www.drawproject.net Pedagogic patterns: www.edpatterns.net Contact: Dr Mary Ryan me.ryan@qut.edu.au

Editor's Notes

  1. Hard to do...Can’t just be guided through resources online... Needs to be explicitly taught and assessed
  2. Show ART as eg