This presentation is about Introduction of marketing.
Contents of this presentation are:
- Introduction
-Marketing Mix
-4 P's of marketing
- Market Segmentation
- Gender
-Age
-Demographic
-Professional
- Income
Market segmentation is a marketing strategy which involves dividing a broad target market into subsets of consumers, businesses, or countries who have, or are perceived to have, common needs, interests, and priorities, and then designing and implementing strategies to target them.
Marketing is the action or business of promoting and selling products or services, including market research and advertising.
Market segmentation is a marketing strategy which involves dividing a broad target market into subsets of consumers, businesses, or countries who have, or are perceived to have, common needs, interests, and priorities, and then designing and implementing strategies to target them.
Marketing is the action or business of promoting and selling products or services, including market research and advertising.
Generate greater customer satisfaction
• Create savings
• To identify strategic opportunities and niches
• Increase marketing effectiveness
• Allocation of marketing budget
• Adjustment of product to the market need
• To estimate the level of sales in the market
• To overcome competition effectively
• To develop effective marketing programmers
• To contribute towards achieving company goals
• To develop marketing activities
1. A Informative Slides On HERB + DRUG Interaction VANDANA JANGHEL Assistant Professor (M. Pharma, Pharmacognosy) (Siddhi Vinayaka Institute of Technology & Sciences, Bilaspur, C.G.) What comes from Nature + What we change in nature + What we don’t want
2. 1. What are Herb-drug interactions? 2. How herbs interact with other co administered drug ? 3. Whether they are diagnoised? 4. Are they neglected? 5. Any reports available ? 6. What is the significance of the study ? 7. Need for the study We will discuss on following points HERB + DRUG Interaction
3. Herb drugs + Allopathic drug = Some Reactions HERB + DRUG Interaction 1. When herbal medicinal products and western drugs administered together may interact each other in body leading to kinetic and dynamic alterations. 2. Herbs are often administered in combination with therapeutic drugs, raising the potential of herb-drug interactions. 3. Herbs or Herbal drugs often taken with the Allopathic drugs with belief that it will have some Beneficial effect. 4. Most of the herbal drugs are taken because of- Availability, Economic consideration and its safety
4. PharmacodynamicPharmacokinetics Herb may causes Additive Synergistic Antagonistic Unidentified Response activity in relation to conventional drug Change the Absorption Distribution Metabolism Protein binding Excretion of the drug thus changing blood level of drug HERB + DRUG Interaction
5. Diagnosis Evidence of Interaction Preclinical Trials Clinical Trials Case studies from pharmacovigilance 1 2 3
6. 1. Drug interaction is the 4th to 6th cause of death in the world. 2. About 70-80 herbs may increase the risk of bleeding. 3. Aristolochic acid from Kidamari (Aristolochia Bracteolata) is toxic. 4. Ephedra (Somlata) caused more than 54 deaths and 1600 cases of adverse reaction. Facts about Herbal Drug Interactions
7. 1. Clinician lack of adequate knowledge about Drug-herb Interaction 2. No quality control and assurance for the purity and safety. 3. No advance research in this field. 4. Blind believe or over believe in Ayurverdic medicine 5. Avoidance of patient history about drug sensitivity 6. Adulteration in herbal drug Reason for Herb-Drug Interaction Less Knowledge No Quality Control No Documentation Mythological Believe Herbal-Drug Interaction
8. PHARMACOKINETIC INTERACTION Parameter Increases Decreases Absorption Ginger Fibers Green tea Mucilage containing herb Black pepper Mucilage containing herb Metabolism Guggul Grape juice Elimination Laxative (Aloe) Liquorices Diuretics herbs
9. ALOE VERA Interferes with drug absorption through Laxative action (Aloe latex) Decrease transit time Decrease Intestinal Fluids GINGKO BILOBA Decrease effectiveness of Alprazolam by decreasing its absorption. Ginkgo decreases absorption of Alprazolam rather than inducing hepatic metabolism of alprazolam. GINGER Enhance the absorption of sulfaguanidine and decreases blood sugar PHARMACOKINETIC INTERACTION Herbal drugs which shows Interaction related to Absorption
1
Generate greater customer satisfaction
• Create savings
• To identify strategic opportunities and niches
• Increase marketing effectiveness
• Allocation of marketing budget
• Adjustment of product to the market need
• To estimate the level of sales in the market
• To overcome competition effectively
• To develop effective marketing programmers
• To contribute towards achieving company goals
• To develop marketing activities
1. A Informative Slides On HERB + DRUG Interaction VANDANA JANGHEL Assistant Professor (M. Pharma, Pharmacognosy) (Siddhi Vinayaka Institute of Technology & Sciences, Bilaspur, C.G.) What comes from Nature + What we change in nature + What we don’t want
2. 1. What are Herb-drug interactions? 2. How herbs interact with other co administered drug ? 3. Whether they are diagnoised? 4. Are they neglected? 5. Any reports available ? 6. What is the significance of the study ? 7. Need for the study We will discuss on following points HERB + DRUG Interaction
3. Herb drugs + Allopathic drug = Some Reactions HERB + DRUG Interaction 1. When herbal medicinal products and western drugs administered together may interact each other in body leading to kinetic and dynamic alterations. 2. Herbs are often administered in combination with therapeutic drugs, raising the potential of herb-drug interactions. 3. Herbs or Herbal drugs often taken with the Allopathic drugs with belief that it will have some Beneficial effect. 4. Most of the herbal drugs are taken because of- Availability, Economic consideration and its safety
4. PharmacodynamicPharmacokinetics Herb may causes Additive Synergistic Antagonistic Unidentified Response activity in relation to conventional drug Change the Absorption Distribution Metabolism Protein binding Excretion of the drug thus changing blood level of drug HERB + DRUG Interaction
5. Diagnosis Evidence of Interaction Preclinical Trials Clinical Trials Case studies from pharmacovigilance 1 2 3
6. 1. Drug interaction is the 4th to 6th cause of death in the world. 2. About 70-80 herbs may increase the risk of bleeding. 3. Aristolochic acid from Kidamari (Aristolochia Bracteolata) is toxic. 4. Ephedra (Somlata) caused more than 54 deaths and 1600 cases of adverse reaction. Facts about Herbal Drug Interactions
7. 1. Clinician lack of adequate knowledge about Drug-herb Interaction 2. No quality control and assurance for the purity and safety. 3. No advance research in this field. 4. Blind believe or over believe in Ayurverdic medicine 5. Avoidance of patient history about drug sensitivity 6. Adulteration in herbal drug Reason for Herb-Drug Interaction Less Knowledge No Quality Control No Documentation Mythological Believe Herbal-Drug Interaction
8. PHARMACOKINETIC INTERACTION Parameter Increases Decreases Absorption Ginger Fibers Green tea Mucilage containing herb Black pepper Mucilage containing herb Metabolism Guggul Grape juice Elimination Laxative (Aloe) Liquorices Diuretics herbs
9. ALOE VERA Interferes with drug absorption through Laxative action (Aloe latex) Decrease transit time Decrease Intestinal Fluids GINGKO BILOBA Decrease effectiveness of Alprazolam by decreasing its absorption. Ginkgo decreases absorption of Alprazolam rather than inducing hepatic metabolism of alprazolam. GINGER Enhance the absorption of sulfaguanidine and decreases blood sugar PHARMACOKINETIC INTERACTION Herbal drugs which shows Interaction related to Absorption
1
Marketing management - Marketing mix - Role of Marketing Arunagiri N
Fundamentals of marketing - Role of Marketing - Relationship of Marketing with other functional areas - the concept of marketing mix-Marketing approaches - Various Environmental factors affecting the marketing functions
Hey guys, this presentation is all about marketing starting with a crisp and clear introduction and this ppt focusses on all important aspects related to marketing whether be it decision making, marketing process, marketig analysis, marketing utilities, marketing management concepts, marketing planning, traditional & modern approaches of marketing, a full coverage of 7 Ps of marketing mix as well as various important marketing strategy techniques along with relevant diagrams & charts & illutrative examples.
Cloud computing is the on-demand availability of computer system resources, especially data storage and computing power, without direct active management by the user. The term is generally used to describe data centers available to many users over the Internet
Importance of computers in Medicine,/HealthcareZubair Afzal
In medical field computer literacy is important to what extent, & where computers are used in field of medical.
IMPORTANCE OF COMPUTER IN MEDICAL FIELD
Computers are the excellent means for storage of patient related data.
Big hospitals employ computer systems to maintain patient records.
It is often necessary to maintain detailed records of the medical history of patients.
Computers can keep track of prescriptions and billing information.
Doctors often require the information about
a patient’s family history
physical ailments
already diagnosed diseases
prescribed medicines
Computers enable an efficient storage of huge amounts of medical data.
Computer storage can serve as the best means of housing medical information.
Medical journals, research and diagnosis papers, important medical documents and reference books can best be stored in an electronic format.
In the field of medicine, computers allow for faster communication between a patient and a doctor.
The importance of computers cannot be stressed enough as computer technology has revolutionized the field of medicine.
USES AND PURPOSE
Diagnosis
CT Scan
X-Ray Generator
Ultrasound
Telemedicine
Surgery
Hospital Information System
Data Analytics in medicine
Computer Assisted Decision making (CMD)
LIMITATIONS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Limited access of technology in developing countries
Lack of funding
Lack of resources
ADVANTAGES
High tech surgery tools and instruments embedded with cameras are used in surgical process.
The operations done by the medical experts are completely recorded by the computers for future references and to avoid complications.
Computers make their role perfect in all types of clinical image processing like CT scan X-rays and more accurately.
The Heart Rate, the Pulse Rate, Brain readings and others specifications are monitored and recorded continuously.
DISADVANTAGES
Cost
One of the biggest drawbacks of adding computers to hospitals is the cost. Computers cost money, and a large hospital needs many computers to keep the system running smoothly.
Security
If doctor or hospital is switching to computers or electronic record keeping, it’s a dangerous thing i.e. security of medical records.
Lack of Standardization
From a hospital point of view, one of the biggest disadvantage of adding computers in medical field in lack of standardization through the medical field.
FUTURE DEVELOPMENT AND USES
Tele-surgery:
Telesurgery is an emerging surgical system that utilizes wireless networking and robotic technology to connect surgeons and patients who are distantly located from one another.
Full Robotics operation
Silicon computer chips maybe used to repair nerve damage or muscle fiber.
Feeling of pain can be reduced using virtual reality helmets.
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2. MARKETING
• Marketing is the study and management of exchange
relationships.
• It is the business process of creating relationships with and
satisfying customers.
• Because marketing is used to attract customers, it is one of the
primary components of business management and commerce
3.
4. MARKETING MIX
• The marketing mix is a crucial tool to help understand what the
product or service can offer and how to plan for a successful
product offering.
• The marketing mix is most commonly executed through the 4
P's of marketing:
• Price,
• Product,
• Promotion, and
• Place.
5.
6.
7. PRODUCT
Product refers to an item or items the business plans to offer to
customers. The product should seek to fulfill an absence in the
market, or fulfill consumer demand for a greater amount of a
product already available. Before they can prepare an appropriate
campaign, marketers need to understand what product is being
sold, how it stands out from its competitors, whether the
product can also be paired with a secondary product or product
line, and whether there are substitute products in the market.
8. PRICE
Price refers to how much the company will sell the product for.
When establishing a price, companies must give considerations
to the unit cost price, marketing costs and distribution expenses.
Companies must also consider the price of competing products
in the marketplace and whether their proposed price point is
sufficient to represent a reasonable alternative for consumers.
9. PLACE
Place refers to the distribution of the product. Key considerations
include whether the company will sell the product through a
physical storefront, online, or through both distribution
channels. When it's sold in a storefront, what kind of product
placement does it get? When it's sold online, what kind of digital
product placement of sorts does it get?
10. PROMOTION
Promotion, the fourth P, refers to the integrated marketing
communications campaign. Promotion includes a variety of
activities such as advertising, selling, sales promotions, public
relations, direct marketing, sponsorship.
11. MARKET SEGMENTATION
• Market Segmentation is a process of dividing the market of
potential customers into different groups and segments on the
basis of certain characteristics.
• The member of these groups share similar characteristics and
usually have one or more than one aspect common among
them.
• Segmenting is dividing a group into subgroups according to
some set ‘basis’. These bases range from age, gender, etc. to
psychographic factors like attitude, interest, values, etc.
12.
13. GENDER
Gender is one of the most simple yet important bases of market
segmentation. The interests, needs and wants of males and
females differ at many levels. Thus, marketers focus on different
marketing and communication strategies for both. This type of
segmentation is usually seen in the case of cosmetics, clothing,
and jewellery industry, etc.
14. AGE GROUP
Segmenting market according to the age group of the audience
is a great strategy for personalized marketing. Most of the
products in the market are not universal to be used by all the age
groups. Hence, by segmenting the market according to the
target age group, marketers create better marketing and
communication strategies and get better conversion rates.
15. INCOME
• Income decides the purchasing power of the target audience. It
is also one of the key factors to decide whether to market the
product as a need, want or a luxury. Marketers usually segment
the market into three different groups considering their
income. These are
• High Income Group
• Mid Income Group
• Low Income Group
16. PROFESSION
Profession, just like income, influences the purchase decision of
the audience. A need for an Entrepreneur might be a luxury for a
government sector employee. There are even many products
which cater to an audience engaged in a specific occupation.