The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
I. The orthodontic examination involves gathering data about a patient's case to determine the presence or absence of any dentofacial abnormalities. This includes collecting a patient history and performing a clinical examination.
II. The clinical examination consists of extra-oral and intra-oral assessments to evaluate the patient's soft tissues, teeth, dental arch relationships, and functional behaviors. Malocclusions are classified based on anteroposterior, vertical, and transverse dental arch relationships.
III. The orthodontic examination thoroughly documents the patient's chief complaint, medical history, dental history, facial aesthetics, dental occlusion, and oral functions to establish the nature of any dentofacial deformities.
Clinical digital photography in orthodonticsFaizan Ali
This document discusses photographic records for orthodontic treatment. It provides information on the types of photographs needed, including extra-oral and intra-oral views. Extra-oral photos should include frontal at rest, frontal smiling, right profile at rest, and oblique smiling views. Intra-oral views include frontal occlusion, bilateral buccal occlusion, and upper and lower occlusal views using mirrors. Digital photography provides advantages over film such as immediate viewing and editing. Proper equipment, techniques and minimum of 9 photos are recommended for comprehensive records.
The document discusses cephalometrics, which involves the scientific measurement and analysis of the bones of the skull and face using lateral cephalograms. It defines cephalometrics, describes the history and development of standardized cephalometric techniques, and covers various cephalometric landmarks, planes, and analyses including Downs analysis and Steiner analysis. The summary provides an overview of the key topics covered in the document related to the definition, history, types of analyses, and landmarks used in cephalometric radiographs and analyses.
This document discusses the role of genetics in orthodontics. It begins with an introduction to genetics and molecular biology concepts like DNA, genes, and chromosomes. It then discusses several important figures in the history of genetics research. The document outlines several dentofacial disturbances that have a genetic influence, like cleft lip and palate. It also discusses Butler's field theory and methods used to study the role of genes, such as twin studies and polymerase chain reaction. The conclusion reflects on how genetics research has enhanced understanding of the dentofacial complex and hopes that future innovations can help answer remaining questions.
This document provides an overview of posteroanterior cephalometric analysis. It defines the setup and landmarks used in PA cephalometry. It then summarizes several common PA cephalometric analyses including Ricketts analysis, Grummons analysis, and Grayson analysis. Ricketts analysis measures dental, skeletal, and jaw relationships. Grummons analysis uses planes, volumes, asymmetries, and ratios to compare sides. Grayson analysis constructs midlines in different frontal planes to analyze asymmetry in 3 dimensions.
The document discusses factors that should be considered in the finishing and detailing stage of orthodontic treatment. It covers 17 factors identified by Dougherty, including correcting overjet/overbite, establishing correct tip and torque of anterior teeth, coordinating arch widths, establishing marginal ridge relationships and contact points. It also discusses esthetic procedures like gingival zenith and missing laterals, as well as periodontal procedures like supracrestal fibrotomy. The document provides guidelines for finishing based on ABO requirements, including overjet of 1-3mm and buccolingual tooth inclinations within 1mm of a straight edge. Positioners are also discussed for settling the occlusion at the finishing stage.
Bolton analysis and mixed dentition analysisMasuma Ryzvee
This document summarizes methods for Bolton analysis and mixed dentition analysis. Bolton analysis measures tooth size ratios to determine excess tooth material. Mixed dentition analysis predicts widths of unerupted canines and premolars using methods like radiographs, Moyer's tables, or equations. Radiographic analysis measures primary tooth and unerupted tooth widths on radiographs. Moyer's tables and equations like Tanaka-Johnston predict canine and premolar widths based on measured incisor widths.
I. The orthodontic examination involves gathering data about a patient's case to determine the presence or absence of any dentofacial abnormalities. This includes collecting a patient history and performing a clinical examination.
II. The clinical examination consists of extra-oral and intra-oral assessments to evaluate the patient's soft tissues, teeth, dental arch relationships, and functional behaviors. Malocclusions are classified based on anteroposterior, vertical, and transverse dental arch relationships.
III. The orthodontic examination thoroughly documents the patient's chief complaint, medical history, dental history, facial aesthetics, dental occlusion, and oral functions to establish the nature of any dentofacial deformities.
Clinical digital photography in orthodonticsFaizan Ali
This document discusses photographic records for orthodontic treatment. It provides information on the types of photographs needed, including extra-oral and intra-oral views. Extra-oral photos should include frontal at rest, frontal smiling, right profile at rest, and oblique smiling views. Intra-oral views include frontal occlusion, bilateral buccal occlusion, and upper and lower occlusal views using mirrors. Digital photography provides advantages over film such as immediate viewing and editing. Proper equipment, techniques and minimum of 9 photos are recommended for comprehensive records.
The document discusses cephalometrics, which involves the scientific measurement and analysis of the bones of the skull and face using lateral cephalograms. It defines cephalometrics, describes the history and development of standardized cephalometric techniques, and covers various cephalometric landmarks, planes, and analyses including Downs analysis and Steiner analysis. The summary provides an overview of the key topics covered in the document related to the definition, history, types of analyses, and landmarks used in cephalometric radiographs and analyses.
This document discusses the role of genetics in orthodontics. It begins with an introduction to genetics and molecular biology concepts like DNA, genes, and chromosomes. It then discusses several important figures in the history of genetics research. The document outlines several dentofacial disturbances that have a genetic influence, like cleft lip and palate. It also discusses Butler's field theory and methods used to study the role of genes, such as twin studies and polymerase chain reaction. The conclusion reflects on how genetics research has enhanced understanding of the dentofacial complex and hopes that future innovations can help answer remaining questions.
This document provides an overview of posteroanterior cephalometric analysis. It defines the setup and landmarks used in PA cephalometry. It then summarizes several common PA cephalometric analyses including Ricketts analysis, Grummons analysis, and Grayson analysis. Ricketts analysis measures dental, skeletal, and jaw relationships. Grummons analysis uses planes, volumes, asymmetries, and ratios to compare sides. Grayson analysis constructs midlines in different frontal planes to analyze asymmetry in 3 dimensions.
The document discusses factors that should be considered in the finishing and detailing stage of orthodontic treatment. It covers 17 factors identified by Dougherty, including correcting overjet/overbite, establishing correct tip and torque of anterior teeth, coordinating arch widths, establishing marginal ridge relationships and contact points. It also discusses esthetic procedures like gingival zenith and missing laterals, as well as periodontal procedures like supracrestal fibrotomy. The document provides guidelines for finishing based on ABO requirements, including overjet of 1-3mm and buccolingual tooth inclinations within 1mm of a straight edge. Positioners are also discussed for settling the occlusion at the finishing stage.
Bolton analysis and mixed dentition analysisMasuma Ryzvee
This document summarizes methods for Bolton analysis and mixed dentition analysis. Bolton analysis measures tooth size ratios to determine excess tooth material. Mixed dentition analysis predicts widths of unerupted canines and premolars using methods like radiographs, Moyer's tables, or equations. Radiographic analysis measures primary tooth and unerupted tooth widths on radiographs. Moyer's tables and equations like Tanaka-Johnston predict canine and premolar widths based on measured incisor widths.
This document discusses anchorage in orthodontics. It defines anchorage as the resistance to unwanted tooth movement. It classifies anchorage according to site (intraoral vs extraoral), number of units (simple vs compound), and arch form (Moyers and Burstone classifications). Biological factors like tooth morphology and muscles affect anchorage. Mechanically, friction influences anchorage. The document reviews anchorage considerations for removable and fixed appliances historically used like edgewise and Begg appliances. It also discusses anchorage preparation and loss.
- Biomechanics in orthodontics refers to the reaction of dental and facial structures to orthodontic forces.
- Key concepts in biomechanics include force, center of mass, center of resistance, center of rotation, moment, and couple.
- The different types of tooth movement that can occur due to forces and moments include tipping, translation, root movement, rotation, intrusion, and extrusion. Efficient orthodontic treatment requires sound treatment plans backed by sound mechanical/biomechanical plans.
This document presents an overview of the activator appliance. It defines the activator, discusses its history and evolution. It outlines the indications and contraindications for activator use. The advantages and disadvantages are described. The components, mode of action, and modifications of different types of activators are explained. Case reports and references are also listed at the end. The document provides a comprehensive review of the activator appliance.
Congenitally Missing Maxillary Lateral IncisorNoha Ali
This document discusses congenitally missing teeth, specifically missing maxillary lateral incisors. It provides information on the definition, prevalence, clinical features, diagnosis and relationship to canine impaction. Key points include:
- Congenitally missing lateral incisors is a common developmental anomaly and has a genetic basis.
- Clinical features include midline diastema, retained primary teeth, and canine impaction.
- Diagnosis involves radiographs and examination to determine treatment planning factors like space, tooth size and position.
- Absent lateral incisors can disrupt eruption of the canine, increasing risk of impaction.
The Steiner analysis was one of the first modern cephalometric analyses. It emphasized the interrelationships between measurements and offered guidelines for treatment planning based on predicted changes from growth and orthodontic therapy. The analysis includes skeletal, dental, and soft tissue measurements. Key skeletal measurements include SNA, SNB, and ANB angles. Key dental measurements include UI-NA and LI-NB angles and distances. The Holdaway ratio evaluates lower incisor prominence. The S-line assesses lower facial balance.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Space analysis is used to assess dental occlusion from multiple angles and measure teeth, arches, and bones. Study cast analysis allows a 3D assessment of dental arches and occlusion. Space analysis compares the space available for tooth alignment to the space required to properly align teeth. Various techniques like Moyers Mixed Dentition Analysis and Nance Carey's analysis are used to estimate the sizes of unerupted teeth and determine space requirements in the mixed dentition.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
This document discusses methods for assessing human growth, including direct measurements like anthropometry and vital staining, as well as indirect measurements like dental casts, photographs, and radiographs. It also covers assessing a patient's age based on chronological, somatotypic, morphologic, dental, sexual, facial, and skeletal age. Key methods discussed include hand-wrist radiographs, cervical vertebrae maturation, midpalatal suture closure, and frontal sinus development. The timing of growth spurts and their clinical importance in orthodontic treatment planning is also summarized.
The document discusses key concepts in occlusion and orthodontics including ideal occlusion, malocclusion, static and functional occlusion. It describes Andrews' six keys of ideal occlusion and Roth's six keys of functional occlusion. The importance of functional tooth contacts is discussed along with types of articulators used in orthodontics and their indications.
This document describes the steps for performing an orthodontic diagnostic setup using plaster study models. It involves:
1) Registering the midline, first molar positions, and lower arch form on the initial study models.
2) Cutting and repositioning the teeth on the setup models to simulate the proposed orthodontic treatment plan.
3) Mounting the teeth in the new positions and analyzing the occlusion and treatment objectives that can be achieved.
Diagnostic setups provide important information to assess treatment options and plan anchorage needs before starting orthodontic treatment. They allow simulation and verification of the proposed treatment results.
The mandibular second premolar is one of the most frequently impacted teeth. The recommended treatment is to extract the second primary molar with or without removing the bone along the eruption path, to uncover the tooth surgically and move it into the arch by orthodontic treatment.
The purpose of this article is to review the principles of case management of soft tissue impacted second premolars mandibular and to illustrate their potential to respond well to the treatment. Although the scope of treatment may depend on a varying range of factors, this case report demonstrates the inherent potential for good treatment outcome in cases of soft tissue impactions
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Orthodontic brackets/certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental aca...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
This document summarizes Bjork's analysis, a method developed by orthodontist Arne Bjork to analyze craniofacial growth and development using lateral cephalograms. It describes Bjork's landmarks, angular and linear measurements used to construct a facial diagram. Bjork conducted studies on Scandinavian children to establish norms for comparison. His analysis helps determine the amount and distribution of facial prognathism based on configurations in the facial diagram.
This document provides information on headgear, including its components, principles of use, types, and applications in orthodontic treatment. Headgear delivers extraoral force from a cranial support to intraoral appliances. It consists of a facebow, force element, and head cap. Forces from headgear can distalize teeth and maxilla through different anchorage points. Types include cervical, occipital, and high pull headgear. Headgear is useful for orthopedic effects, anchorage reinforcement, molar distalization, and space maintenance.
Modification of twin block functional applianceMaher Fouda
This document discusses the Twin Block appliance, which was originally developed by Clarke. It remains a widely used functional appliance for treating Class II malocclusions. The Twin Block consists of separate upper and lower acrylic appliances connected by occlusal blocks. It works by forcing the mandible into a protrusive position during jaw closure. The document describes the standard Twin Block design and various modifications that have been made, including the addition of expansion screws, torquing springs, and bite jumping screws to allow for gradual advancement. Advantages include comfort, aesthetics, and improved patient compliance compared to fixed appliances. The Twin Block is effective at correcting Class II malocclusions in a rapid manner.
This document provides an overview of twin block therapy. It discusses the history, philosophy, design, construction, and stages of treatment using twin blocks. Twin blocks are functional appliances composed of separate upper and lower bite blocks. They are worn 24 hours a day to achieve rapid correction of malocclusions through forces transmitted to inclined planes covering the posterior teeth. Treatment typically involves an initial active phase followed by a support phase to stabilize results.
This document discusses Steiner's acceptable compromises for compensating for sagittal discrepancies between the upper and lower jaws. It provides guidelines for adjusting the positions of the upper and lower incisors based on the ANB angle. A case example is used to illustrate how to predict changes to the ANB angle through growth or treatment and adjust incisor positions accordingly. The document also discusses individualizing treatment proposals based on factors like soft tissue function.
Development of contemporary fixed appliance /certified fixed orthodontic cour...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
This document discusses the management of deviated midlines. It notes that differential diagnosis is important to determine the cause of the midline deviation and appropriate treatment. Treatment may involve correcting dental asymmetries through orthodontics or expanding a narrow maxillary arch first if caused by a posterior crossbite. Functional appliances can be used to shift the mandible into the proper position if a skeletal deviation is present. Surgical correction may be needed for true skeletal asymmetries. The goal is to adapt the occlusion and correct dental or facial asymmetries causing the deviated midline.
Treatment of Mid line Discrepancies & skeletal assymmetries /certified fixed ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
This document discusses anchorage in orthodontics. It defines anchorage as the resistance to unwanted tooth movement. It classifies anchorage according to site (intraoral vs extraoral), number of units (simple vs compound), and arch form (Moyers and Burstone classifications). Biological factors like tooth morphology and muscles affect anchorage. Mechanically, friction influences anchorage. The document reviews anchorage considerations for removable and fixed appliances historically used like edgewise and Begg appliances. It also discusses anchorage preparation and loss.
- Biomechanics in orthodontics refers to the reaction of dental and facial structures to orthodontic forces.
- Key concepts in biomechanics include force, center of mass, center of resistance, center of rotation, moment, and couple.
- The different types of tooth movement that can occur due to forces and moments include tipping, translation, root movement, rotation, intrusion, and extrusion. Efficient orthodontic treatment requires sound treatment plans backed by sound mechanical/biomechanical plans.
This document presents an overview of the activator appliance. It defines the activator, discusses its history and evolution. It outlines the indications and contraindications for activator use. The advantages and disadvantages are described. The components, mode of action, and modifications of different types of activators are explained. Case reports and references are also listed at the end. The document provides a comprehensive review of the activator appliance.
Congenitally Missing Maxillary Lateral IncisorNoha Ali
This document discusses congenitally missing teeth, specifically missing maxillary lateral incisors. It provides information on the definition, prevalence, clinical features, diagnosis and relationship to canine impaction. Key points include:
- Congenitally missing lateral incisors is a common developmental anomaly and has a genetic basis.
- Clinical features include midline diastema, retained primary teeth, and canine impaction.
- Diagnosis involves radiographs and examination to determine treatment planning factors like space, tooth size and position.
- Absent lateral incisors can disrupt eruption of the canine, increasing risk of impaction.
The Steiner analysis was one of the first modern cephalometric analyses. It emphasized the interrelationships between measurements and offered guidelines for treatment planning based on predicted changes from growth and orthodontic therapy. The analysis includes skeletal, dental, and soft tissue measurements. Key skeletal measurements include SNA, SNB, and ANB angles. Key dental measurements include UI-NA and LI-NB angles and distances. The Holdaway ratio evaluates lower incisor prominence. The S-line assesses lower facial balance.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Space analysis is used to assess dental occlusion from multiple angles and measure teeth, arches, and bones. Study cast analysis allows a 3D assessment of dental arches and occlusion. Space analysis compares the space available for tooth alignment to the space required to properly align teeth. Various techniques like Moyers Mixed Dentition Analysis and Nance Carey's analysis are used to estimate the sizes of unerupted teeth and determine space requirements in the mixed dentition.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
This document discusses methods for assessing human growth, including direct measurements like anthropometry and vital staining, as well as indirect measurements like dental casts, photographs, and radiographs. It also covers assessing a patient's age based on chronological, somatotypic, morphologic, dental, sexual, facial, and skeletal age. Key methods discussed include hand-wrist radiographs, cervical vertebrae maturation, midpalatal suture closure, and frontal sinus development. The timing of growth spurts and their clinical importance in orthodontic treatment planning is also summarized.
The document discusses key concepts in occlusion and orthodontics including ideal occlusion, malocclusion, static and functional occlusion. It describes Andrews' six keys of ideal occlusion and Roth's six keys of functional occlusion. The importance of functional tooth contacts is discussed along with types of articulators used in orthodontics and their indications.
This document describes the steps for performing an orthodontic diagnostic setup using plaster study models. It involves:
1) Registering the midline, first molar positions, and lower arch form on the initial study models.
2) Cutting and repositioning the teeth on the setup models to simulate the proposed orthodontic treatment plan.
3) Mounting the teeth in the new positions and analyzing the occlusion and treatment objectives that can be achieved.
Diagnostic setups provide important information to assess treatment options and plan anchorage needs before starting orthodontic treatment. They allow simulation and verification of the proposed treatment results.
The mandibular second premolar is one of the most frequently impacted teeth. The recommended treatment is to extract the second primary molar with or without removing the bone along the eruption path, to uncover the tooth surgically and move it into the arch by orthodontic treatment.
The purpose of this article is to review the principles of case management of soft tissue impacted second premolars mandibular and to illustrate their potential to respond well to the treatment. Although the scope of treatment may depend on a varying range of factors, this case report demonstrates the inherent potential for good treatment outcome in cases of soft tissue impactions
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Orthodontic brackets/certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental aca...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
This document summarizes Bjork's analysis, a method developed by orthodontist Arne Bjork to analyze craniofacial growth and development using lateral cephalograms. It describes Bjork's landmarks, angular and linear measurements used to construct a facial diagram. Bjork conducted studies on Scandinavian children to establish norms for comparison. His analysis helps determine the amount and distribution of facial prognathism based on configurations in the facial diagram.
This document provides information on headgear, including its components, principles of use, types, and applications in orthodontic treatment. Headgear delivers extraoral force from a cranial support to intraoral appliances. It consists of a facebow, force element, and head cap. Forces from headgear can distalize teeth and maxilla through different anchorage points. Types include cervical, occipital, and high pull headgear. Headgear is useful for orthopedic effects, anchorage reinforcement, molar distalization, and space maintenance.
Modification of twin block functional applianceMaher Fouda
This document discusses the Twin Block appliance, which was originally developed by Clarke. It remains a widely used functional appliance for treating Class II malocclusions. The Twin Block consists of separate upper and lower acrylic appliances connected by occlusal blocks. It works by forcing the mandible into a protrusive position during jaw closure. The document describes the standard Twin Block design and various modifications that have been made, including the addition of expansion screws, torquing springs, and bite jumping screws to allow for gradual advancement. Advantages include comfort, aesthetics, and improved patient compliance compared to fixed appliances. The Twin Block is effective at correcting Class II malocclusions in a rapid manner.
This document provides an overview of twin block therapy. It discusses the history, philosophy, design, construction, and stages of treatment using twin blocks. Twin blocks are functional appliances composed of separate upper and lower bite blocks. They are worn 24 hours a day to achieve rapid correction of malocclusions through forces transmitted to inclined planes covering the posterior teeth. Treatment typically involves an initial active phase followed by a support phase to stabilize results.
This document discusses Steiner's acceptable compromises for compensating for sagittal discrepancies between the upper and lower jaws. It provides guidelines for adjusting the positions of the upper and lower incisors based on the ANB angle. A case example is used to illustrate how to predict changes to the ANB angle through growth or treatment and adjust incisor positions accordingly. The document also discusses individualizing treatment proposals based on factors like soft tissue function.
Development of contemporary fixed appliance /certified fixed orthodontic cour...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
This document discusses the management of deviated midlines. It notes that differential diagnosis is important to determine the cause of the midline deviation and appropriate treatment. Treatment may involve correcting dental asymmetries through orthodontics or expanding a narrow maxillary arch first if caused by a posterior crossbite. Functional appliances can be used to shift the mandible into the proper position if a skeletal deviation is present. Surgical correction may be needed for true skeletal asymmetries. The goal is to adapt the occlusion and correct dental or facial asymmetries causing the deviated midline.
Treatment of Mid line Discrepancies & skeletal assymmetries /certified fixed ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Midline shift /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
This document discusses midline shift, including its causes, diagnosis, and treatment. Midline shift can be caused by dental factors like tooth loss or retention, or skeletal factors like condylar fractures or hemimandibular hypertrophy. Diagnosis involves clinical examination, functional analysis, radiographs, and determining if the shift is dental or skeletal. Treatment depends on the underlying cause, and may involve correcting tooth positioning, expanding the arch, or orthognathic surgery for severe skeletal discrepancies. Maintaining compensatory tooth inclinations is important to properly address underlying skeletal asymmetries.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
This document discusses centric relation and methods for recording centric relation. It begins by defining centric relation and explaining its significance for complete dentures. It describes various physiological and functional methods for recording centric relation, including the interocclusal check record method using materials like wax or plaster, and the functional Needle house and Patterson methods. The document also discusses the graphic method using intraoral or extraoral needle point tracing devices to record mandibular movements.
This document discusses dentofacial perspectives and aesthetics in dentistry. It describes the static and dynamic muscular positions of the dentofacial composition and factors like lip length, age, race, and sex that influence the amount of tooth exposure at rest (the LARS factor). It also discusses the smile line and how the incisal plane should be parallel to the curvature of the lower lip. The document includes a case study example of how dentofacial concepts were applied to improve a patient's anterior dental aesthetics through treatments like porcelain veneers and crowns.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Malocclusion classification /certified fixed orthodontic courses by India...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
00919248678078
Extra oral examination /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
This document discusses facial asymmetry, including definitions, classifications, causes, evaluations, and treatments. Facial asymmetry can be caused by skeletal, dental, muscular, or functional deviations. It is important to evaluate asymmetry both qualitatively and quantitatively using photographs, radiographs, and examinations of facial structures and proportions. Proper diagnosis of the location and severity of asymmetry is needed to determine the appropriate treatment approach.
This document discusses concepts of occlusion in fixed partial dentures. It defines key terms like centric relation and occlusion. It describes the requirements for optimal occlusion, including simultaneous bilateral contact of posterior teeth in centric occlusion and forces directed along the long axis of teeth. It also discusses mandibular movements, border movements, and functional movements. The document outlines the diagnosis of occlusion through intraoral exam, radiographs, and mounted casts. It describes planning occlusion and achieving an optimal occlusion.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting
training center with best faculty and flexible training programs
for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental
practice,Offers certified courses in Dental
implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic
Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
1. Transverse discrepancies can be caused by dental, skeletal, functional or combined factors and warrant consideration in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning.
2. It is important to determine how transverse discrepancies relate to sagittal and vertical problems in order to design an effective treatment strategy.
3. Common types of transverse discrepancies include dental asymmetries, skeletal asymmetries of the maxilla and/or mandible, and functional mandibular shifts causing asymmetric relationships.
Opportunity for Dentists (BDS/MDS )to relocate to United kingdom -Register as a DENTAL HYGIENIST/ DENTAL THERAPIST without Board exams and after approval you can register in GDC as a DH/DT and start working as a DH/DT Immediately and get paid.
You can complete the whole process in 3-4 months.Salary range for DH/DT is around 2500-3500 Pounds per month.
Eligibility / requirements-
1. An International English Language Testing System (IELTS) certificate
at the appropriate level.(Within 2 yrs of application date )
2: A recent primary dental qualification that has been taught and examined in English..(Within 2 yrs of application date )
3: A recent pass in a language test for registration with a regulatory authority in a country where the first language is English.
If you are interested Please contact us for more details.
1ST, 2ND AND 3RD ORDER BENDS IN STANDARD EDGEWISE APPLIANCE SYSTEM /Fixed ort...Indian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals
who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry,
Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
I –Aligners are made with FDA approved transparent thermoplastic materials using 3D scanning, 3D Printing and finally Trays with Pressure vacuum formers.
Dear Doctor,
Indian Dental Academy Now offers comprehensive online Orthodontics course.
Course includes:
1.whiteboard lecture presentations
2.Case Discussions
3.with hundreds of pictures.
4.Demo on Models
5.Demo on Patients
6. subtitles in your own language
12 months unlimited access and support @350 USD only.
For Demo please visit :www.idalectures.com/preview/
For more details visit: www.idalectures.com
Please contact us for any clarifications:
idalectures@gmail.com
indiandentalacademy@gmail.com
Thanks & Regards
Indian Dental Academy
--
Indian Dental Academy
Leader in continuing dental education
www.indiandentalacademy.com
skype:indiandentalacademy
+919248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
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Cytotoxicity of silicone materials used in maxillofacial prosthesis / dental ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
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Diagnosis and treatment planning in completely endntulous arches/dental coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
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Use of modified tooth forms in complete denture occlusion / dental implant...Indian dental academy
This document discusses dental occlusion concepts and philosophies for complete dentures. It introduces key terms like physiologic occlusion and defines different occlusion schemes like balanced articulation and monoplane articulation. The document discusses advantages and disadvantages of using anatomic versus non-anatomic teeth for complete dentures. It also outlines requirements for maintaining denture stability, such as balanced occlusal contacts and control of horizontal forces. The goal of occlusion for complete dentures is to re-establish the homeostasis of the masticatory system disrupted by edentulism.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
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This document discusses dental casting investment materials. It describes the three main types of investments - gypsum bonded, phosphate bonded, and ethyl silicate bonded investments. For gypsum bonded investments specifically, it details their classification, composition including the roles of gypsum, silica, and modifiers, setting time, normal and hygroscopic setting expansion, and thermal expansion. It provides information on how the properties of gypsum bonded investments are affected by their composition. The document serves as a comprehensive overview of dental casting investment materials.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
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How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
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Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
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Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Find out more about ISO training and certification services
Training: ISO/IEC 27001 Information Security Management System - EN | PECB
ISO/IEC 42001 Artificial Intelligence Management System - EN | PECB
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) - Training Courses - EN | PECB
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Article: https://pecb.com/article
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3. Introduction
Perfect bilateral symmetry is largely a
theoretical concept that seldom exists in the
living organisms. Asymmetry of the face
and dentition is a naturally occurring
phenomenon.
Relative symmetry and midline
coordination are basic to an appreciation of
facial harmony and balance.www.indiandentalacademy.com
4. Definition
Symmetry is defined as equality or correspondence in forms
of parts distributed around a centre or an axis at the two
extreme pole or on the two opposite sides of the body.
Asymmetry in craniofacial areas can be recognized as
difference in size or relationship of the two sides of the face.
This may be a result of discrepancies in the form of
individual bones or malposition of one or more bones in the
craniofacial complex, or the asymmetry may be confined to
the soft tissue.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
5. Classification
Sarver evaluates the facial symmetry under the
following reference planes
Nasal tip to the mid sagittal plane
Maxillary dental midline to the mid sagittal plane
Maxillary dental midline to mandibular dental
midline
Mandibular dental midline to mid symphysis
Mid symphysis to the mid sagittal plane
www.indiandentalacademy.com
6. Midlines can also be classified as
Dental midline – related to the symmetry of the
dentition of the maxilla and mandible
Functional midline - related to the functions of
the stomatognathic system
Skeletal midline – related to the symmetry of the
osseous structures of the craniofacial region
Soft tissue midline – related to the symmetry of
the soft tissue of the craniofacial regionwww.indiandentalacademy.com
7. Functional midline
Centric relation is the relationship of the mandible
to the cranium when the condyles are in an
orthopaedically stable position. It is the most
retruded position of the condyle.{superoanterior
position}
Centric occlusion is the maximum intercuspation of
the teeth
Postural rest position - the synergistic and the
antagonistic muscular components are in dynamic
equilibrium. The balance is maintained with
minimal basic muscle tonus.www.indiandentalacademy.com
8. Postural rest position
Postural rest position
Myostatic anti stretch
reflex
Permanent
exogenous factors
Gravity Dependent and altered
with the head position
www.indiandentalacademy.com
9. Movement of the mandible
During the closing maneuver from the rest position
to the habitual occlusion two phases of the
movement can be observed
The free phase - from the postural rest position to the
point of initial contact or occlusal prematurity
The articular phase - from the initial contact position to
the centric occlusion or habitual occlusal position
www.indiandentalacademy.com
10. Laterocclusion
When the occlusal prematurity is present
Midline shift observed only during the centric occlusion
or intercuspation.
During the postural rest position the midlines are
coincident and well centered .
The mandible slides laterally from the rest position into a
cross bite and is caused by the tooth guidance,after the
initial contact of the free phase
LATEROCCLUSION
also called the pseudo cross bitewww.indiandentalacademy.com
11. Mandibular dental midline
coincident with the facial
midline in postural rest position
Mandibular dental
midline shifted to the
right in habitual
occlusion
www.indiandentalacademy.com
14. Laterognathy
Midline shift is present in both centric occlusion and
in the postural rest position
This condition is generally seen in the true
asymmetry of the mandible
Functional appliances have poor prognosis
Surgical correction required
LATEROGNATHY
www.indiandentalacademy.com
15. Mandibular dental midline not
coincident with the facial
midline in postural rest position
Mandibular dental midline not
coincident with the facial
midline in habitual occlusion
www.indiandentalacademy.com
16. Etiology
One of the common etiologic factor for the
deviation of midline, irrespective of the type of the
midline shift is GENETICS – due to the genetic
imperfections in the mechanism which was meant to
create symmetry and environmental factors
producing decided right and left differences
Examples –
multiple neurofibromatosis- familial incidence
associated with dominant gene
Hemifacial microsomia
Cleft lip and palatewww.indiandentalacademy.com
17. Lundstorm classified the etiological factors as
Genetic
Non genetic
combination
Another classification by the same author
Qualitative –
Size of the teeth
Location in the arches
Position of the arches
Quantitative
Differences in the number of teeth on each side or the presence
of cleft lip or palatewww.indiandentalacademy.com
18. Midline diastema
Mesiodens
Generalized spacing
Frenal attachments
Congenital absence of a tooth
Morphological variation of a tooth eg. Microdontia or macrodontia
Asymmetrical exfoliation
Retained deciduous teeth
Early loss of primary teeth
Crowding
Trauma
Habits such as thumb sucking and tongue thrusting
Traumatic occlusion leading to pathological migration
Pathological condition such as cysts
EtiologyDental midline shift
www.indiandentalacademy.com
20. The upper right central incisor
has shifted to the right due to the
congenital absence of lateral
incisor
The contact point upper central
incisor do not coincide with the
center of the philtrum
www.indiandentalacademy.com
21. Functional midline shift
Neurological disturbances
Disturbances in the tooth – tooth inter relationship
Anterior cross bite
Posterior cross bite
Contracted maxillary arch
Any other occlusal prematurity preventing the smooth
closure from the free phase to the articular phase
Compensation of a skeletal discrepancy
Etiology
www.indiandentalacademy.com
23. Skeletal midline shift
Genetics
Local
Trauma
Ankylosis
Damage to nerve – loss
of muscle function and
tone
Pathological state in
the form of cysts and
tumors
Unilateral posterior
edentulous area
Post operative sequale
of orthognathic surgery
Etiology
Temperomandibular joint
Systemic
Intrauterine pressure during
pregnancy and significant pressure in
the birth canal
Condylar resorption
Rheumatoid arthritis
Systemic Lupus Erythamatosis
Sjogren’s syndrome
Marfan’s syndrome
Psoriatic arthritis
Temperomandibular jointwww.indiandentalacademy.com
24. Soft tissue midline shift
Neurological disturbances such as cerebral palsy
and Hemifacial microsomia
Massetric hypertrophy
Trauma
Scars including surgical scars
Dermatomyositis
Neoplasm
Adaptation to the existing skeletal asymmetries
Etiology
www.indiandentalacademy.com
25. Diagnosis
Asymmetry of the face is one of the more difficult problems
with which the orthodontists have to contend and which
presents serious diagnostic problems. The recognition of
actual site of asymmetry is essential for correct treatment
planning.
The point at which normal symmetry becomes abnormal
cannot be easily identified and is often identified by the
clinician’s sense of balance and patient’s perception of their
imbalance.
Vig and Hewitt studywww.indiandentalacademy.com
27. History
Patient history is important for the diagnosis, as it
aids in the knowledge of
Exfoliation of the primary teeth
Extractions undergone if any
Trauma
Familial tendencies
Congenital problems
Surgical procedurewww.indiandentalacademy.com
28. Clinical examination
Frontal view evaluation
Nasal tip to mid sagittal plane
Maxillary dental midline to midsagittal plane
Mandibular dental midline to midsagittal plane
Mandibular dental midline to midsymphysis
Midsymphysis to midsagittal plane
Evaluation of dental midline in the
Mouth open
Centric relation
At initial contact
Centric occlusion www.indiandentalacademy.com
29. Other features to be noted during clinical
examination are
Missing and supernumerary teeth
Tooth shape and size
Arch form symmetry
Frenal attachments
www.indiandentalacademy.com
32. Advantages
Inexpensive
No exposure to potentially harmful radiation
Better evaluation of the harmony relationship
among the craniofacial structure including the
contribution of muscle and adipose tissue
Readily used to posture the head and face and to
compare these with the relationship existing among
the different craniofacial structureswww.indiandentalacademy.com
34. Occlusograms
1992, JCO, Occlusograms in Orthodontic Treatment Planning -
RICHARD D. FABER,
Lower occlusal tracing
placed over arch
symmetry chart to
establish midline and
perpendicular
reference crosshairs.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
36. Orthopantamogram
Temperomandibular joint can be viewed
Asymmetry of the body or ramus of the mandible
Missing or supernumerary teeth
Pathological condition like cysts and neoplasmwww.indiandentalacademy.com
41. JCO 1982: Orthognathic and Craniofacial Surgical Diagnosis
and Treatment Planning: A Visual Approach. Farhad et al
Horizontal and vertical lines are drawn to indicate areas of
asymmetry. www.indiandentalacademy.com
42. Posteroanterior view
Disadvantages
Midline assessment is difficult
Difficulty in reproducing head posture
Difficulty in identifying landmarks because of
superimposition of structures
Exposure to radiation
www.indiandentalacademy.com
43. Submentovertex (SV)
Berger was the first to suggest the use of SV (problems and
promises of basilar view cephalogram) in orthodontics.
Gibert associated the film cassette parallel to the FH plane
Pearson found exceptional degree of symmetry in the
sphenoid bone
Keith and Campion used sphenoid bone as a fixed reference
in comparing the development of growth of skull
Marmary and associates showed that perpendicular bisector
of a line joining the foramina spinosa was a reliable and
accurate midline
Ritucci and burstone developed the ceph system for the
assessment of craniofacial regionwww.indiandentalacademy.com
48. Basilar multi plane cephalometric analysis
Put forward by Grayson et al 1985, AJO
Developed to facilitate the measurement of the
craniofacial complex from the submento vertex
view.
Basilar view is a two dimensional representation of
a three dimensional object
The cranium can be reconstructed in 3 dimensions
from the basilar view cephalograph by separately
tracing each of the three suggested horizontal plane
www.indiandentalacademy.com
49. Multi View Fluoroscopy
Permits three dimensional analysis of the
oropharyngeal components in motion
Combines the lateral, frontal and basal projection
Contrast medium is used to define the soft tissue
landmarks and to determine their function during the
variety of functions of the stomatognathic system.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
50. Management
Differential diagnosis and appropriate inter arch and
intra arch mechanotherapy is necessary to determine
and correct the midline problem.
Review of literature
Breakspear advocates adapting the occlusion by
‘stoning’- occlusal equilibration. This mode of
treatment allows the settling of occlusion to
function better but not to correct the dental or
facial asymmetry.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
51. Paul Lewis – dental asymmetries are more
commonly seen with class II malocclusion
The correction of mid line caused by the shift of the
mandible or rotation of the mandible is attempted only
after teeth in both arches are put into quite ideal
occlusion.
In midline deviation that occurs with posterior cross
bite,the narrow maxillary arch must be expanded first.
A class II elastic worn from a hook or sliding yoke on
the side towards which the mandible has shifted. A
second elastic is worn across the anterior teeth to swing
or pivot the mandible until midline correction is
achieved. www.indiandentalacademy.com
52. Angle’s treatment modality
. From Angle EH. Malocclusion of the teeth, 1907.
Angle suggests Class
III elastic with tandem
anterior diagonal
elastic in conjunction
with area expansion
for correction of
midline discrepancies.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
53. Begg mechanotherapy
. From Begg PR, Kesling P. Begg orthodontic
theory and technique, 3rd ed.
Space-closing elastics
and Class II
intermaxillary elastics
applied at start of
second stage of
treatment.
Anterior diagonal
elastics,class II elastics
and class III elastics
and Uprighting springs
(Mollenhaeur)
www.indiandentalacademy.com
54. Wick Alexander
Midline is corrected during the finishing stages
¼ inch, 6 ounce elastic ,one end attached to maxillary
lateral bracket and adjacent central bracket. The other end
attached to mandibular lateral incisor bracket on the
opposite side.
In case of class II tendency, a class II elastic is worn and in
class III tendency,class III elastics are worn.
The class II elastic is attached to the maxillary lateral
incisor and mandibular second molar. The two elastics
impart roughly parallel force vectors.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
56. In cases of midline discrepancy in class I buccal
relationship, only the midline elastic is worn, extra class II
or class III elastics are not worn.
Midline elastics are worn during the finishing stages of
active treatment with one exception. In an extraction case
during space closure the midline may be shifted
significantly, during space closure the elastic can be
attached to the closing loops. This will help to control the
direction of space closure, thus improving the midline.
Over correction
Ideal occlusion and midline
www.indiandentalacademy.com
57. Gianelly
Introduced a biomechanical system with second
order bends to move the teeth distally and create
space for the midline correction
Class II and class III elastics are used to enhance the
couple force systems
Gianelly AA, Paul IA.
A procedure for midline correction. AJO 1970www.indiandentalacademy.com
59. Strang
Double vertical spring loop auxiliary adjusted for the mass
movement of the four incisor teeth to the left. From strang
R, Thompson W. A textbook of orthodontia, 1958.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
60. Profitt
Minor midline discrepancy can be corrected during
the finishing stages
Large discrepancy correction becomes difficult after
the closure of extraction spaces
A correct maxillary midline is more important for
good facial aesthetics and mild mandibular midline
creates no esthetic difficulty
Use of class II or class III elastics bilaterally with a
heavier force on one side
Combination class II and class III elastics
www.indiandentalacademy.com
61. Parallel cross elastics used to correct mild tranverse
discrepancy leading to the lateral mandibular shift
late in the treatment
Anterior diagonal elastics with rectangular arch wire
in the lower arch and a round wire in the upper to
shift the maxillary arch
www.indiandentalacademy.com
63. When midlines are
deviated to the opposite
side,correction
accomplished with
Uprighting springs
Functions are normal
Not healthy from
periodontal point of view
Esthetic results are poor
www.indiandentalacademy.com
77. Careful attention to midline coordination and
attendant facial symmetry helps to achieve
Maximum intercuspation
Normal function with anterior disocclusion and without
any loading of the anteriors
Stability in the finished result
Promotion of anterior dental and facial esthetics
Decreased potential for Temperomandibular joint
dysfunction
www.indiandentalacademy.com
78. Functional midline deviation
The functional midline shift can be corrected
by unlocking the mandible
Removal of the occlusal prematurities
Expansion of the upper arch
Functional appliances
Inter arch elasticswww.indiandentalacademy.com
79. Surgical options
Nasal tip to midsagittal plane
Rhinoplasty
Camouflaging grafting of the tip of and /or the dorsum
Maxillary dental midline
Subapical procedure to rotate midlines
Mandibular dental midline to symphysis
Subapical procedures to rotate the mandible
Mandibular asymmetry{functional mandibular
shift}
Two or three piece maxillary expansion via Le fort I
osteotomy
Surgically assisted maxillary expansionwww.indiandentalacademy.com
80. True mandibular asymmetry
Distraction osteogenesis
Bilateral ramal osteotomies
Camouflage through bone grafting or alloplastic
augmentation
Transverse cant of the maxilla
Maxillo mandibular surgery
Chin asymmetry
Rotational genioplasty
Lateral or vertical movement of chin via inferior border
osteotomy
Camouflage via bone graft,ostectomy or alloplastic
augmentation www.indiandentalacademy.com
81. Soft tissue asymmetry
Augmentation with bone grafts, alloplastic material and
silicone implants to re contour the desired areas of the
face
Muscular stripping
www.indiandentalacademy.com
85. Ajo 1991 Assessment of structural and displacement mandibular asymmetries - Schmid,
Mongini, and Felisio The following conclusions may be drawn:
1. In the growing patient, craniomandibular asymmetry with transverse deviation of
the mandible and the chin, with no genetic or congenital origin and without a
history of trauma, infection, or tumor, is possibly the result of mandibular
displacement consequent to occlusal alterations.
2. If the mandibular displacement is not detected and treated in a timely manner,
adaptive mandibular asymmetry may develop.
3. Depending on the elapsed time between the onset of mandibular displacement
and the examination, the patient can show displacement asymmetry, structural
asymmetry, or a combination of both. The last possibility may be the most frequent
in a population of growing patients.
4. The different patterns of asymmetry can be identified and to some extent
quantified in each patient.
5. Successful treatment during the growing period is possible in some patients. If
the subject remains untreated, asymmetry can become a permanent feature in the
adult.
6. However, mandibular displacement may not be all or even part of the cause of a
craniomandibular dysfunction. In such cases any kind of orthopedic treatment may
be completely or partially ineffective.
7. Because the symmetry in one of the control subjects improved in the absence of
intervention, other factors besides treatment may be responsible for the different
www.indiandentalacademy.com