The document summarizes some of the major costs and consequences of World War I. It discusses the massive human costs in deaths and injuries between 1914-1918. It also outlines the political turmoil that emerged as governments collapsed in Russia, Germany, Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire. The document describes how the Allied powers met at the Paris Peace Conference to determine the fate of Europe after the war, but excluded the Central Powers and Russia, leading to disagreements between Wilson, Clemenceau and George over the treatment of Germany in the eventual Treaty of Versailles.

1. Ch. 26, sec. 4

2. The Costs of War
 Millions of dead and
wounded
 1918 Influenza pandemic-
20 million dead
 Reconstructing war zones
 War debt
 Allies forced central Powers
to pay war Reparations

3. The Costs of War
 Look at graphs on p. 649
 Which two countries suffered the highest percentage
of deaths?
 Why were American deaths lower than other
countries?
 What long term impact would deaths and injuries
have on these European countries?

4. Political Turmoil
 Government Collapses
 Russia
 Germany
 Austria- Hungary
 Ottoman Empire
 Opportunity for radicals to take over
 Wanted to make extreme changes to the
government

5. The Paris Peace Conference
 Allies met to decide the fate of
Europe
 Central Powers and Russia not
allowed to attend
 “Big 3” Leaders
 Wilson (U.S.) wanted “peace
without victory”
 George (Britain) wanted a
hero’s victory
 Clemenceau (France) wanted
to punish/weaken Germany

6. Paris Peace Conference
 League of Nations
established
 Collective
security
 Group of nations
meet to preserve
world wide
peace

7. The Treaty of Versailles
 Germany gets a bad deal
 Forced Germany to take blame for the war
 Germany to pay $30 billion in war
reparations
 Forced to reduce military size
 Portions of land taken away
 Germany not happy!!!
 View maps on p. 651