Langkasuka
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Langkasuka was an ancient Hindu Malay kingdom founded in the 2nd century on the Malay Peninsula, one of the earliest kingdoms there along with Old Kedah. It was located between Senggora and Manitoba on the east coast and had a capital surrounded by walls and gates. Langkasuka started as a kingdom in Kedah before moving to Patani, though how this transition occurred is unclear. The kingdom engaged in diplomatic relations with China and other Southeast Asian states. It existed until the 15th century when it was replaced by the kingdom of Patani.
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powerpt For global. Regnier
Between the 1st and 13th centuries, several kingdoms rose to power across Southeast Asia and Korea. In Southeast Asia, the Khmer Empire dominated much of the mainland from the 9th to 13th centuries and built massive temple complexes like Angkor Wat. Meanwhile, the Srivijaya Empire ruled the Strait of Malacca and surrounding areas from the 7th to 13th centuries. In Korea, the Silla Kingdom united the peninsula in the 7th century before the Goryeo Dynasty took over in the 10th century and lasted until the 13th century Mongol invasions weakened its control. Both regions experienced strong cultural influences from India and China while developing their own unique identities.
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The Silk Roads were complex networks of trade routes across Eurasia that connected China with Central Asia and the Mediterranean world from around 200 BCE to 1400 CE. They facilitated the exchange of goods, ideas, technologies and religions between civilizations. While silk was an important trade good, many other products like spices, metals, glass and ceramics were also exchanged. The routes were used by nomadic pastoralists, merchants from places like Sogdiana, and travelers like Buddhist monks to transmit Buddhism and other faiths. Over time, different groups like the Xiongnu, Sogdians, Turks, Arabs and Mongols rose to power in Central Asia and controlled sections of the routes, shaping patterns of trade and cultural exchange
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Langkasuka
- 1. Langkasuka Langkasuka was an ancient Hindu Malay kingdom in the Malay Peninsula. Langkasuka was also known as Lang-ya-Shiu. The kingdom along with Old Kedah was founded on the Malay Peninsula among the earliest kingdoms. By following to the history, the founding of the kingdom is in the 2nd century. According to Chinese visitors note that diplomatic relations with Southeast Asian states in the 2nd century already, Langkasuka already existed at that time. The entries European historians believe that the state of Langkasuka, located on the east coast of the Malay Peninsula between Senggora and Manitoba. Langkasuka was a Hindu state located in the ancient Malay Peninsula. Based on the one source, this government was founded in the 2nd century already. According to the history Malay, Langkasuka was founded at Kedah and then moved to Patani. The question of how Langkasuka turned into Patani still yet to be determined by historians because there is no clear historical record thereon. In the Chinese record of event, The journey of Langkasuka journey from east to west, and twenty from north to south, it is 24,000 li in distance from Guangzhou. The capital was said to be surrounded by a walls to create a city with double gates, towers and pavilions. The kingdom's name in chinese records changed many time that was known as "Lang-ya-se-chia" during the Song dynasty in 960-1279. Many people believe that Langkawi get its name from the word of Langkasuka. Historical sources are a few but according to the Dynasty Liang historical records; government refers to "Langgasu" which founded in the first century. The name of Langkasuka is also carry in the writing of Malay and Javanese, while China writings never refer a state of Lang-ya-hsiu or Lang-chia-shu. In the 515M, the King of Bhagadatta relationship with China was further strengthened with the ambassadors already sent in 523, 531 and 568. In the 12th century, the state that is Langkasuka, Srivijaya and patronage until 15th century was replaced by the Patani kingdom.