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“Macbeth”
GCSE ENGLISH LITERATURE COMPONENT 1
Practice Activity
 How does Shakespeare present Macbeth’s
reputation in Act I scene ii?
Theme: “Fair is Foul”
“Stars, hide your fires!
Let not light see my black and deep desires!”
(I, iv, 50-51)
“look like the innocent flower
But be the serpent under’t”
(I, v, 64-65)
Learning Objective
 To understand the concept of ‘hamartia’ and how it
applies to Macbeth’s character.
Hamartia
 The term hamartia is a Greek term which means “to miss the mark” or
“to err” and is most often associated with Greek tragedy.
 Hamartia, as it pertains to dramatic literature, was first used by
Aristotle in his Poetics.
 In tragedy, hamartia is commonly understood to refer to the
protagonist’s error or flaw that leads to a chain of plot actions
culminating in a reversal from their good fortune to bad.
 What qualifies as the error or flaw can include an error resulting from
ignorance, an error of judgement, a flaw in character, or sin.
Act I scene iv
“(Aside) The Prince of Cumberland! – That is a step
On which I must fall down, or else o’erleap,
For in my way it lies! Stars, hide your fires!
Let not light see my black and deep desires!”
(I, iv, 48-51)
Activity
“Yet do I fear thy nature.
It is too full o’ the milk of human kindness
To catch the nearest way...
...wouldst not play false,
And yet would wrongly win.” (I, v, 15-21)
 How do Lady Macbeth’s words in this quotation add to the
audience’s understanding of Macbeth’s character?
Activity
Read Lady Macbeth’s Soliloquies (I, v, 14-29 & I, v, 37-53)
1. Which phrases in these soliloquies suggest that that she has
decided that they have to kill Duncan?
2. In lines 37-53, find examples of language to do with darkness
and night.
3. In what ways are they involving the natural world in their
plots?
Macbeth’s Soliloquy
Act I, scene vii, lines 1-27
Macbeth’s reasons for not killing
Duncan
Macbeth’s reasons for killing
Duncan
 What does this soliloquy reveal about Macbeth’s attitude
to killing Duncan?
Macbeth’s Soliloquy
Act I, scene vii, lines 1-27
Lady Macbeth’s Soliloquy
Act III, scene ii, lines 4-7
“Nought’s had, all’s spent,
Where our desire is got without content.
‘Tis safer to be that which we destroy
Than by destruction dwell in doubtful joy.”
Macbeth: Act III, scene ii, line 36
“O, full of scorpions is my mind, dear wife!”
Macbeth: Act III, scene ii, lines 45-47
“Be innocent of the knowledge, dearest chuck,
Till thou applaud the deed. Come, seeling Night,
Scarf up the tender eye of pitiful day, ...”
Act III, scene iv, lines 23-24
Macbeth’s reaction to Fleance’s escape:
“...But now I am cabined, cribbed, confined, bound in
To saucy doubts and fears.”
Act III, scene iv, lines 130-131
Macbeth’s paranoia:
“There’s not a one of them, but in his house
I keep a servant fee’d.”
Act III, scene iv, lines 136-138
The extent of Macbeth’s guilt...
“I am in blood
Stepped in so far, that, should I wade no more,
Returning were as tedious as go o’er.”

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Macbeth GCSE Lit 9 1-LL

  • 2. Practice Activity  How does Shakespeare present Macbeth’s reputation in Act I scene ii?
  • 3. Theme: “Fair is Foul” “Stars, hide your fires! Let not light see my black and deep desires!” (I, iv, 50-51) “look like the innocent flower But be the serpent under’t” (I, v, 64-65)
  • 4. Learning Objective  To understand the concept of ‘hamartia’ and how it applies to Macbeth’s character.
  • 5. Hamartia  The term hamartia is a Greek term which means “to miss the mark” or “to err” and is most often associated with Greek tragedy.  Hamartia, as it pertains to dramatic literature, was first used by Aristotle in his Poetics.  In tragedy, hamartia is commonly understood to refer to the protagonist’s error or flaw that leads to a chain of plot actions culminating in a reversal from their good fortune to bad.  What qualifies as the error or flaw can include an error resulting from ignorance, an error of judgement, a flaw in character, or sin.
  • 6. Act I scene iv “(Aside) The Prince of Cumberland! – That is a step On which I must fall down, or else o’erleap, For in my way it lies! Stars, hide your fires! Let not light see my black and deep desires!” (I, iv, 48-51)
  • 7. Activity “Yet do I fear thy nature. It is too full o’ the milk of human kindness To catch the nearest way... ...wouldst not play false, And yet would wrongly win.” (I, v, 15-21)  How do Lady Macbeth’s words in this quotation add to the audience’s understanding of Macbeth’s character?
  • 8. Activity Read Lady Macbeth’s Soliloquies (I, v, 14-29 & I, v, 37-53) 1. Which phrases in these soliloquies suggest that that she has decided that they have to kill Duncan? 2. In lines 37-53, find examples of language to do with darkness and night. 3. In what ways are they involving the natural world in their plots?
  • 9. Macbeth’s Soliloquy Act I, scene vii, lines 1-27 Macbeth’s reasons for not killing Duncan Macbeth’s reasons for killing Duncan
  • 10.  What does this soliloquy reveal about Macbeth’s attitude to killing Duncan? Macbeth’s Soliloquy Act I, scene vii, lines 1-27
  • 11. Lady Macbeth’s Soliloquy Act III, scene ii, lines 4-7 “Nought’s had, all’s spent, Where our desire is got without content. ‘Tis safer to be that which we destroy Than by destruction dwell in doubtful joy.”
  • 12. Macbeth: Act III, scene ii, line 36 “O, full of scorpions is my mind, dear wife!”
  • 13. Macbeth: Act III, scene ii, lines 45-47 “Be innocent of the knowledge, dearest chuck, Till thou applaud the deed. Come, seeling Night, Scarf up the tender eye of pitiful day, ...”
  • 14. Act III, scene iv, lines 23-24 Macbeth’s reaction to Fleance’s escape: “...But now I am cabined, cribbed, confined, bound in To saucy doubts and fears.”
  • 15. Act III, scene iv, lines 130-131 Macbeth’s paranoia: “There’s not a one of them, but in his house I keep a servant fee’d.”
  • 16. Act III, scene iv, lines 136-138 The extent of Macbeth’s guilt... “I am in blood Stepped in so far, that, should I wade no more, Returning were as tedious as go o’er.”