This document provides an overview of looping and concatenation in VBA. It begins with a quick recap of variables and then discusses for-next loops, demonstrating how to use a counter variable to iterate through a loop. It provides examples of using for-next loops to output values to cells. The document also covers concatenation, explaining that the "&" operator is used to join together strings, variables, and values. An example demonstrates concatenating text with a variable value to output a message including the variable.

1. LECTURE 4
Looping &
Concatenation

2. SUMMARY
Quick recap of variables
For-Next loops
Concatenation (&)
Loops and Concatenation

3. QUICK RECAP

4. EXERCISE. REVIEW OF VARIABLES
Download Lecture 4 Student Example.xlsm
In Module1, find the procedure called Recap
Declare disposable variables x, y and z as integer.
Assign x a value of 5
Assign y a value of x + z
Assign z a value of 10
Not necessarily
in this order
Output the value of x to cells(1, 1)
Output the value of y to cells(2, 1)
Output the value of z to cells (3, 1)

5. SOLUTIONS. REVIEW OF VARIABLES
Declare disposable variables x, y and z as integer.
Public Sub Recap()
Dim x as integer, y as integer, z as integer
End Sub

6. SOLUTIONS. REVIEW OF VARIABLES
Assign values to each variable.
Public Sub Recap()
Dim x as integer, y as integer, z as integer
x=5
y=x+z
z = 10
End Sub
x=5
z = 10
y=x+z
y=x+z
x=5
z = 10

7. SOLUTIONS. REVIEW OF VARIABLES
Assign values to each variable.
Public Sub Recap()
Dim x as integer, y as integer, z as integer
x=5
z = 10
y=x+z
End Sub

8. SOLUTIONS. REVIEW OF VARIABLES
Output variable values to cells.
Public Sub Recap()
Dim x as integer, y as integer, z as integer
x=5
z = 10
y=x+z
Cells(1, 1) = x
Cells(2, 1) = y
Cells(3, 1) = z
End Sub
x = Cells(1, 1)
y = Cells(2, 1)
z = Cells(3, 1)

9. SOLUTIONS. REVIEW OF VARIABLES
Output variable values to cells.

10. STEPPING THROUGH CODE

11. STEPPING THROUGH YOUR CODE
Use the code you typed in the previous exercise

12. STEPPING THROUGH YOUR CODE
Position screens so you can see both at once

13. STEPPING THROUGH YOUR CODE
Click a start and end point for stepping through
your code (it should turn red).
Click HERE
Click HERE

14. STEPPING THROUGH YOUR CODE
Run your code (F5)
It will pause at the first dot and turn yellow
Use shift+F8 to run each line of code

15. HOVER OVER VARIABLES
Put your cursor over variables to see their current
value.
Variables will only show their value AFTER the line
of code as run.
 If the line is yellow, it means it hasn’t run yet, but it will
run next.
Example:
Check the
value of y

16. CHECK THE OUTPUT
Watch the output to check it is correct
Use this technique for checking For-Next loops!
This code has
not run yet

17. FOR-NEXT LOOPS
An
Introduction

18. EXAMPLE 1. FOR-NEXT LOOPS
Enter 1 to 5 into column 1 in Excel
Public Sub ForLoopExample1()
Cells(1, 1).Value = 1
Cells(2, 1).Value = 2
Cells(3, 1).Value = 3
Cells(4, 1).Value = 4
Cells(5, 1).Value = 5
End Sub
Very repetitive and inefficient

19. EXAMPLE 1. FOR-NEXT LOOPS
Use For-Next Loops to improve this code
 Identify what values are changing
 Identify what values are staying the same
Public Sub ForLoopExample1()
Cells(1, 1).Value = 1
Cells(2, 1).Value = 2
Cells(3, 1).Value = 3
Cells(4, 1).Value = 4
Cells(5, 1).Value = 5
End Sub
These values are changing

20. EXAMPLE 1. FOR-NEXT LOOPS
Let i be a counter
We have 5 lines of code, so
 i will count from 1 to 5
Use the counter to change the row & output value
i=1
i=2
i=3
i=4
i=5

21. EXAMPLE 1. FOR-NEXT LOOPS
Let i be a counter
We have 5 lines of code, so
 i will count from 1 to 5
Use the counter to change the row & output value
i=1
i=2
i=3
i=4
i=5
When i = 1
row is 1
value is 1
When i = 1
row is i
value is i

22. EXAMPLE 1. FOR-NEXT LOOPS
Let i be a counter
We have 5 lines of code, so
 i will count from 1 to 5
Use the counter to change the row & output value
i=1
i=2
i=3
i=4
i=5
When i = 2
row is 2
value is 2
When i = 2
row is i
value is i

23. EXAMPLE 1. FOR-NEXT LOOPS
Let i be a counter
We have 5 lines of code, so
 i will count from 1 to 5
Use the counter to change the row & output value
i=1
i=2
i=3
i=4
i=5
When i = 3
row is 3
value is 3
When i = 3
row is i
value is i

24. EXAMPLE 1. FOR-NEXT LOOPS
Let i be a counter
We have 5 lines of code, so
 i will count from 1 to 5
Use the counter to change the row & output value
i=1
i=2
i=3
i=4
i=5
For every line of code
the row is i
and the value is i

25. EXAMPLE 1. FOR-NEXT LOOPS
i is an integer I need to declare
i=1
i=2
i=3
i=4
i=5

26. EXAMPLE 1. FOR-NEXT LOOPS
i is an integer I need to declare
This is a For-Next Loop
i=1
i=2
i=3
i=4
i=5

27. EXAMPLE 1. FOR-NEXT LOOPS
i is an integer I need to declare
This is a For-Next Loop
i is the counter – it will increase by 1 each time
 The first value of i is 1
 The last value of i is 5
i=1
i=2
i=3
i=4
i=5

28. EXAMPLE 1. FOR-NEXT LOOPS
i is an integer I need to declare
This is a For-Next Loop
i is the counter – it will increase by 1 each time
 The first value of i is 1
 The last value of i is 5
This code will run
for each value of i
i=1
i=2
i=3
i=4
i=5

29. FOR-NEXT LOOPS
Begin with FOR
End with NEXT

30. FOR-NEXT LOOPS
A counter
 is a letter or word
 declared as a disposable integer variable
Must specify a COUNTER

31. FOR-NEXT LOOPS
Values the COUNTER will take

32. FOR-NEXT LOOPS
 Increases by +1 by default
 END value must be > than START value
 Can increment by -1 if necessary to count backwards
Must specify START value
Must specify END value

33. FOR-NEXT LOOPS
 Increases by +1 by default
 Can increment by -1 if necessary to count backwards
The result is the
same for both loops

34. FOR-NEXT LOOPS
Always START with 1 or 0!
 You will understand why when you start coding

35. FOR-NEXT LOOPS
CODE to run goes inside the loop

36. EXERCISE 1. WRITE A FOR LOOP
Use Lecture 4 Student Example.xlsm
Write a For-Loop for this:
Write this output
to these cells
Run your code to
ensure it works
 Remember to declare your counter!
 Loop from 1 to 3 OR from 0 to 2
 Write it out the long way first if you need to

37. EXAMPLE 2. FOR-NEXT LOOPS
Enter 6 to 10 into column 2 in Excel
Public Sub ForLoopExample2()
Cells(1, 2).Value = 6
Cells(2, 2).Value = 7
Cells(3, 2).Value = 8
Cells(4, 2).Value = 9
Cells(5, 2).Value = 10
End Sub
These values are changing

38. EXAMPLE 2. FOR-NEXT LOOPS
Let i be a counter
We have 5 lines of code, so
 i will count from 1 to 5
Use the counter to change the row & output value
i=1
i=2
i=3
i=4
i=5

39. EXAMPLE 2. FOR-NEXT LOOPS
Let i be a counter
We have 5 lines of code, so
 i will count from 1 to 5
Use the counter to change the row & output value
i=1
i=2
i=3
i=4
i=5
When i = 1
row is 1
value is 6
When i = 1
row is i
value is i + 5

40. EXAMPLE 2. FOR-NEXT LOOPS
Let i be a counter
We have 5 lines of code, so
 i will count from 1 to 5
Use the counter to change the row & output value
i=1
i=2
i=3
i=4
i=5
When i = 2
row is 2
value is 7
When i = 2
row is i
value is i + 5

41. EXAMPLE 2. FOR-NEXT LOOPS
Let i be a counter
We have 5 lines of code, so
 i will count from 1 to 5
Use the counter to change the row & output value
i=1
i=2
i=3
i=4
i=5
When i = 3
row is 3
value is 8
When i = 3
row is i
value is i + 5

42. EXAMPLE 2. FOR-NEXT LOOPS
Let i be a counter
We have 5 lines of code, so
 i will count from 1 to 5
Use the counter to change the row & output value
i=1
i=2
i=3
i=4
i=5
When i = 4
row is 4
value is 9
When i = 4
row is i
value is i + 5

43. EXAMPLE 2. FOR-NEXT LOOPS
Let i be a counter
We have 5 lines of code, so
 i will count from 1 to 5
Use the counter to change the row & output value
i=1
i=2
i=3
i=4
i=5
When i = 5
row is 5
value is 10
When i = 5
row is i
value is i + 5

44. EXAMPLE 2. FOR-NEXT LOOPS
Let i be a counter
We have 5 lines of code, so
 i will count from 1 to 5
Use the counter to change the row & output value
i=1
i=2
i=3
i=4
i=5
For every line of code
the row is i
and the value is i + 5

45. EXERCISE 2. WRITE A FOR LOOP
Use Lecture 4 Student Example.xlsm
Write a For-Loop for this:
Write this output
to these cells
(‘E’ is column 5)
Run your code to
ensure it works
 Remember to declare your counter!
 Count your loop from 1 to 5 OR from 0 to 4
 Write it out the long way first if you need to

46. EXERCISE 3. WRITE A FOR LOOP
Use Lecture 4 Student Example.xlsm
Write a For-Loop for this:
Write this output
to these cells
Run your code to
ensure it works
 Remember to declare your counter!
 Count from 1 to 3 OR 0 to 2
 Write it out the long way first if you need to

47. CONCATENATION
&

48. CONCATENATE M EA N S TO JOIN TOGETHER
Join together 2 or more…
 String variables (i.e., text or words)
 Text and variable values (integer, double or string)
 Text and constant values
 Variable values and constant values
 Etc…
Use the
& to join two or more things together

49. EXAMPLES OF CONCATENATION
Not 6!

50. EXAMPLE 3. CONCATENATION
Public Sub ConcatenateExample3()
Dim answer As Double
answer = InputBox(“Enter any number”)
MsgBox (“You entered ” & answer)
End Sub
Declare a variable called answer

51. EXAMPLE 3. CONCATENATION
Public Sub ConcatenateExample3()
Dim answer As Double
answer = InputBox(“Enter any number”)
MsgBox (“You entered ” & answer)
End Sub
Ask the user to enter a number
Assign answer the number they enter

52. EXAMPLE 3. CONCATENATION
Public Sub ConcatenateExample3()
Dim answer As Double
answer = InputBox(“Enter any number”)
MsgBox (“You entered ” & answer)
End Sub
Ask the user to enter a number
Assign answer the number they enter

53. EXAMPLE 3. CONCATENATION
Public Sub ConcatenateExample3()
Dim answer As Double
answer = InputBox(“Enter any number”)
MsgBox (“You entered ” & answer)
End Sub
Use a message box to tell the
user what number they entered

54. EXAMPLE 3. CONCATENATION
Public Sub ConcatenateExample3()
Dim answer As Double
answer = InputBox(“Enter any number”)
MsgBox (“You entered ” & answer)
End Sub
Use a message box to tell the
user what number they entered

55. EXAMPLE 3. CONCATENATION
Public Sub ConcatenateExample3()
Dim answer As Double
answer = InputBox(“Enter any number”)
MsgBox (“You entered ” & answer)
End Sub
The text in “ ”

56. EXAMPLE 3. CONCATENATION
Public Sub ConcatenateExample3()
Dim answer As Double
answer = InputBox(“Enter any number”)
MsgBox (“You entered ” & answer)
End Sub
Use & to join text to a
variable value

57. EXAMPLE 3. CONCATENATION
Public Sub ConcatenateExample3()
Dim answer As Double
answer = InputBox(“Enter any number”)
MsgBox (“You entered ” & answer)
End Sub
The number entered by the user
Variables DO NOT go in “ ”

58. EXERCISE 4. CONCATENATION
Find the procedure for Exercise 4.
Using 4 input boxes, obtain the following user info:
 Their name
 The name of the Uni they attend
 The course they are studying
 Their year at Uni (i.e. 1, 2, 3, …)
Display their info in 1 MsgBox using full sentences.
 e.g. “Your name is…”, “You attend…University”, etc…
Tip: to display part of a message on a new line of a
Msgbox, use & vbNewLine & where you want one line to
end and another to begin.
Create a button in a worksheet to run this code.

59. LOOPS WITH
CONCATENATION

60. EXAMPLE 4. LOOPS WITH CONCATENTATION
Enter stock names in row 1 across columns 1-4
Public Sub ForLoopExample4()
Cells(1, 1).Value = “Stock1”
Cells(1, 2).Value = “Stock2”
Cells(1, 3).Value = “Stock3”
Cells(1, 4).Value = “Stock4”
End Sub
These values are changing

61. EXAMPLE 4. LOOPS WITH CONCATENTATION
Let i be a counter
We have 4 lines of code, so
 i will count from 1 to 4
Use the counter to change the col & output value
i=1
i=2
i=3
i=4

62. EXAMPLE 4. LOOPS WITH CONCATENTATION
Let i be a counter
We have 4 lines of code, so
 i will count from 1 to 4
Use the counter to change the col & output value
i=1
i=2
i=3
i=4
When i = 1
column is 1
stock is 1
When i = 1
column is i
stock is i

63. EXAMPLE 4. LOOPS WITH CONCATENTATION
Let i be a counter
We have 4 lines of code, so
 i will count from 1 to 4
Use the counter to change the col & output value
i=1
i=2
i=3
i=4
When i = 2
column is 2
stock is 2
When i = 2
column is i
stock is i

64. EXAMPLE 4. LOOPS WITH CONCATENTATION
Let i be a counter
We have 4 lines of code, so
 i will count from 1 to 4
Use the counter to change the col & output value
i=1
i=2
i=3
i=4
When i = 3
column is 3
stock is 3
When i = 3
column is i
stock is i

65. EXAMPLE 4. LOOPS WITH CONCATENTATION
Let i be a counter
We have 4 lines of code, so
 i will count from 1 to 4
Use the counter to change the col & output value
i=1
i=2
i=3
i=4
When i = 4
column is 4
stock is 4
When i = 4
column is i
stock is i

66. EXAMPLE 4. LOOPS WITH CONCATENTATION
Let i be a counter
We have 4 lines of code, so
 i will count from 1 to 4
Use the counter to change the col & output value
For every line of code
the column is i
and the stock is i

67. EXERCISE 5. WRITE A FOR LOOP
Using Lecture 4 Student Example.xlsm
Write a For-Loop for this:
 Remember to declare your counter!
 Count from 1 to 3 OR 0 to 2
 Write it out the long way first if you need to

68. FINAL COMMENTS

69. WHEN YOU’RE STUCK…
When in doubt, write it out!!
 If you aren’t sure how to write a loop, write it out without
using loops so you can spot the pattern.
 Then use a loop to make it more efficient.
Step through your code to see what is happening
during each loop.
 Check variable values
 Check output to cells/ranges
You cannot loop variable names
 E.g., “mean” & i
 You have to use arrays (in a couple of weeks)
 For now, those bits of code will have to be inefficient and long

70. LEARNING OUTCOMES
You are ready to move on when…
 LO17: You can name the 4 main parts of a For-Next loop.
 LO18: Given the output you need, you can write a For-Next
loop to achieve that output. Similarly, given a For-Next
loop you can work out what the output/result will be (we
will practice this in the lab). This is for one loop, not a
nested loop (yet).
 LO19: You can define the concept of concatenation and
give some examples of how it is used in programming. You
can use concatenation to join together values from text,
variables and/or numbers. You also know when you need
to use “ ” and when you should not use “ ”.
 LO20: You can combine the use of concatenation with fornext loops to make code more efficient.

71. THE END