This document outlines the key steps in database planning, design, administration and application lifecycles. It discusses database planning, systems definition, requirements collection and analysis, database design including conceptual, logical and physical design. It also covers DBMS selection criteria, application design considerations, prototyping, implementation, testing and data administration and database administration roles. The key stages include planning the database, defining user requirements, designing the database structure, selecting and implementing a DBMS, testing the application and ongoing maintenance.

1. Chapter 9 & 10
Database Planning, Design and
Administration

2. Agenda
• Database Application Lifecycle
• DBMS Selection
• Database Administration

3. Database Application Lifecycles
• Database planning
• Systems definition
• Requirements collection and analysis
• Database design
• DBMS selection
• Application design
• Prototyping
• Implementation
• Data conversion and loading
• Testing
• Operational maintenance

4. Database Planning
• Business goals, plans, and needs
– Mission statements
– Mission objectives
• Current information systems evaluation
– Strengths
– Weaknesses
• IT opportunities for competitive advantages
• Corporate data model
– User needs
– Standards
– Legal requirement

5. System Definition
• Scope & boundaries
• Applications

6. Requirement Collection
• Fact-finding techniques
– Interview
– Questionnaires
– Observation
– Documentation
– Experience

7. Requirement Analysis
• Requirements specification technique
– Structured Analysis and Design (SAD)
– Data Flow Diagram (DFD)
– Hierarchical Input Process Output (HIPO)
– Computer-Aided Software Engineering (CASE)
– Unified Model Language (UML)
• Approach
– Centralized
– View integration (local data model and global data
model)
– Combination

8. Database Design
• Approach
– Top-down
– Bottom-up or inside-out
– Mixed

9. Optimal Logical Data Model
• Structure validity
• Simplicity
• Expressability
• Nonredundancy
• Shareability
• Extensibility
• Integrity
• Diagrammatic representation

10. Phase of Database Design
• Conceptual database design
– Independent of physical consideration
• Logical database design
– Normalization
– Specific data model
• Physical database design
– Relational tables and constraints
– Storage structures and access methods
– Security protection

11. DBMS Selection
• Steps
– Define terms of reference of study
– Shortlist two or three products
– Evaluate products (feature, comment, rating weight, and score)
• Selection Criteria
– Data definition
– Physical definition
– Accessibility
– Transaction handing
– Utilities
– Development
– Other features

12. Application Design
• Considerations
– Data
– Transaction type (retrieval, update, or mixture)
• User interface (forms & reports)
– Logical
– Simple
– Error handling
– Help
– Meaningful
– Consistency
– Status

13. Prototyping
• Type
– Requirement prototyping
– Evolutionary ptototyping
• Pros
– Define user’s requirements
– Quick
– Feasibility test
– Low cost and risk, new technology
• Cons
– Costs

14. Implementation
• Data definition language (DDL)
• Data manipulation language (DML) or
embedded DML
• Security control

15. Data Conversion and Loading
• Actual data conversion
• Bridge

16. Testing
• Learnability
• Performance
• Robustness (tolerant of user error)
• Recoverability
• Adapatability

17. CASE Tools
• Computer-Aided Software Engineering (CASE)
• Types
– Upper-Case: planning to design
– Lower-Case: implementing, test, performance
– Integrated-Case
• Benefits:
– Productivity (effectiveness and efficiency)
– Standard
– Integration (repository)
– Support structured methods
– Consistency
– Automation

18. Data Administration Role
• Planning
• Developing and maintaining standard
• Developing policy & procedure
• Design conceptual and logical database

19. Database Administration Role
• Physical database design
• Security & integrity control
• Performance monitoring
• Tuning database

20. Points To Remember
• Database Application Lifecycle
• DBMS Selection
• Database Administration

21. Assignment
• Review chapters 1-10, appendix c
• Read chapters 11-12
• Oracle assignment due date:
• 2nd exam : chapters 5, 6, 9,10, 11, and 12