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Long term care facilities
Long-term care is broadly defined as an array of health care, personal care, and social services
generally provided over a sustained period of time to persons with chronic conditions and with
functional limitations.
Long term care patients and level of care
Long term care provides continuity of care and ongoing assessment and follow-up of patient’s
condition and response to therapy to achieve the highest practical, mental, and psychosocial
well-being. It is characterized by various care services and setting including medical, social,
personal, and supportive and specialized housing for individual who have lost some capacity to
care themselves. Examples of long term care facilities are:
 Adult Day care (adults with functional and cognitive impairment)
 Respite care (for disabled individual for purpose of providing relief)
 Assisted living
 Other institutionalized pharmacy setting( eg; psychiatric hospital)
 Nursing home care
 Sub-acute care
Long term care pharmacist
A long-term care pharmacist is engaged by a long-term care pharmacy to provide pharmacy,
infusion, education, consulting, and related services for a specific patient population. Pharmacist
perform two type of function for long term care pharmacy: dispensing/management operations
and consultant services. Long-term care pharmacists practice in a variety of settings, including
hospitals that own skilled nursing facilities, long-term care pharmacies, nursing homes, and
rehabilitation facilities, or they may practice as independent consultants.
A. Consultant functions
The consultant pharmacist is specially trained to assist with long-term care patients with their
special medication needs. Consultant pharmacists can influence a prescriber’s decisions
regarding senior patients based on their expert recommendations and personal interaction with
the patients.
Seniors are at a greater risk for medication-related problems than other populations, chiefly
because of the various physiological impacts of aging, a higher rate of multiple chronic diseases,
and a greater consumption of both prescription and OTC medications. The consultant pharmacist
is vital in making sure this population receives the proper care for any adverse events that might
occur due to a medication mishap.
Although the majority of long-term care patients are elderly, consultant pharmacy is not limited
to this population. Consultant pharmacists also work in mental institutions, hospice care
facilities, correctional institutions, and acute care hospitals. Since most of the settings where
consultant pharmacists practice are predominantly populated by older adults, however, a broad
understanding of geriatrics, especially geriatric pharmacotherapy, is important for the potential
consultant pharmacist.
Roles of consultant pharmacist
 Drug regimen review
 Drug research programs
 Pharmacokinetic dosing service
 Pain management consults
 Intravenous therapy services
 TDM
 Pharmaceutical care plan
 Disease management
 Medication utilization review
 Policy and procedure
 Quality assurance programs
 Drug information
 In-service education programs
 Medication delivery system
 Computer generated forms and reports
 Adverse drug reaction reports
B. Dispensing/ distribution function
The distributive/service pharmacist is responsible for ensuring that patients receive the correct
medicines that were ordered. The services pharmacist is expected to label drugs and biological
used in the facility in accordance with currently accepted professional principle, including
appropriate accessary and cautionary instructions, and expiration dates, when applicable; in
accordance with laws.
Role of service pharmacists
 Initial screening of medication orders
 Drug packaging and labeling
 Drug delivery( routine and emergency)
 Medication recording
 Audit system of controlled medicine
 Emergency medication supply
 Monitoring of proper storage of medication
 Computer generated patient medication profile
 Medication administration record
 Automatic stop order
 Billing statements

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Long term care facilities

  • 1. Long term care facilities Long-term care is broadly defined as an array of health care, personal care, and social services generally provided over a sustained period of time to persons with chronic conditions and with functional limitations. Long term care patients and level of care Long term care provides continuity of care and ongoing assessment and follow-up of patient’s condition and response to therapy to achieve the highest practical, mental, and psychosocial well-being. It is characterized by various care services and setting including medical, social, personal, and supportive and specialized housing for individual who have lost some capacity to care themselves. Examples of long term care facilities are:  Adult Day care (adults with functional and cognitive impairment)  Respite care (for disabled individual for purpose of providing relief)  Assisted living  Other institutionalized pharmacy setting( eg; psychiatric hospital)  Nursing home care  Sub-acute care Long term care pharmacist A long-term care pharmacist is engaged by a long-term care pharmacy to provide pharmacy, infusion, education, consulting, and related services for a specific patient population. Pharmacist perform two type of function for long term care pharmacy: dispensing/management operations and consultant services. Long-term care pharmacists practice in a variety of settings, including hospitals that own skilled nursing facilities, long-term care pharmacies, nursing homes, and rehabilitation facilities, or they may practice as independent consultants. A. Consultant functions The consultant pharmacist is specially trained to assist with long-term care patients with their special medication needs. Consultant pharmacists can influence a prescriber’s decisions
  • 2. regarding senior patients based on their expert recommendations and personal interaction with the patients. Seniors are at a greater risk for medication-related problems than other populations, chiefly because of the various physiological impacts of aging, a higher rate of multiple chronic diseases, and a greater consumption of both prescription and OTC medications. The consultant pharmacist is vital in making sure this population receives the proper care for any adverse events that might occur due to a medication mishap. Although the majority of long-term care patients are elderly, consultant pharmacy is not limited to this population. Consultant pharmacists also work in mental institutions, hospice care facilities, correctional institutions, and acute care hospitals. Since most of the settings where consultant pharmacists practice are predominantly populated by older adults, however, a broad understanding of geriatrics, especially geriatric pharmacotherapy, is important for the potential consultant pharmacist. Roles of consultant pharmacist  Drug regimen review  Drug research programs  Pharmacokinetic dosing service  Pain management consults  Intravenous therapy services  TDM  Pharmaceutical care plan  Disease management  Medication utilization review  Policy and procedure  Quality assurance programs  Drug information  In-service education programs  Medication delivery system
  • 3.  Computer generated forms and reports  Adverse drug reaction reports B. Dispensing/ distribution function The distributive/service pharmacist is responsible for ensuring that patients receive the correct medicines that were ordered. The services pharmacist is expected to label drugs and biological used in the facility in accordance with currently accepted professional principle, including appropriate accessary and cautionary instructions, and expiration dates, when applicable; in accordance with laws. Role of service pharmacists  Initial screening of medication orders  Drug packaging and labeling  Drug delivery( routine and emergency)  Medication recording  Audit system of controlled medicine  Emergency medication supply  Monitoring of proper storage of medication  Computer generated patient medication profile  Medication administration record  Automatic stop order  Billing statements