Long Bone & Sports Injuries document provides an overview of common bone injuries, their causes, signs and symptoms, and treatment approaches. It discusses fractures, dislocations, sprains and strains of long bones from falls, impacts, collisions, and overexertion. Common broken bone sites include the forearm, upper arm, fingers, ankle, wrist, ribs, hip, lower leg. Treatment involves splinting the injury, controlling bleeding, treating for shock, and transporting patients for further evaluation and stabilization. Sports injuries commonly addressed are spinal injuries, concussions, and ensuring safety equipment is properly fitted and worn.

1. Long Bone & Sports Injuries
Presented by:
NAFC EMS Office

2. Why do we cover this topic?
• Broken bones could be an everyday call
– Ex: Elderly fall vic. Call for lift asst. or Med
Alarm
• Bones are strong but will break with enough
strain
• With the warmer weather comes more
outdoor activity, accidents and sports
• Refresh our skills
• Learn new skills from others experience &
knowledge.

3. What will we cover
• Examples of common Injuries
• How to care/ treat for the injuries
• Proper lifting
• Video examples
• End with a 1 multi victim scenario

4. Terminology
• Fracture- is a broken bone
• Break- is a fractured bone
– They mean the same thing
• Hairline Fracture- a fine break in the bone
where the bone remains aligned
• Dislocation- displaced or misaligned bone
joint
• Sprain- sprain or tearing of a ligament
• Strain- injury to a muscle or tendon

5. Common Injury Causes
• MVC- Motor Vehicle Collision
• Falls- greater that 3x Persons Height
• Sports- Collisions, Falls, Impacts
• Impacts from in movable objects
• Assaults
• Abuse- NYS Mandated reports
• Recreational injuries
• Work- Ex. Construction, Landscapers, FF’s

6. Bone Fractures X Rays

7. Treatments- Broken Bone
• Number of bones in Human
– Adult- 206
– Newborns- Over 270 (Later in growth bones fuse)
– Common break areas:
Radial/Ulna– Forearm
Humorous- Upper Arm
Digits- Fingers/ Toes
Tarsals- Ankle
Carpals- Wrist
Ribs/ Sternum- Chest
Hip
Femur- Upper leg
Tib/ Fib- Lower Leg
Spinal Cord- C Spine
Skull- Temporal
Tail Bones- Coccyx

8. Treatments- Broken Bone Cont.
• Dispatch- Info on injury/ location/ poss. cause
• Proper Crew/ Apparatus
• Scn Safety
• Proper BSI/ Equipment
• Is RMA Coming or MA resources needed
• Eval/ Treatment
• ABCS/ Vitals/ PMS (Pre and post treatment)
• Have 1 FF hold stabilization/ EMT control pt.
& pt. care/ apply proper splint/ revaluate pt.
• Place hand in position of function

9. Treatments- Broken Bone Cont.
• Provide a blanket to protect if shock is susp.
• Document findings/ treatment and scn in pcr
• Tx to proper facility for Orthoscopic
• Clean Up
• Equipment replenish

10. Treatment- Dislocation, Stains, Sprains

11. Treatment- Dislocation, Stains, Sprains
• displaced or misaligned bone joint
• Common Causes-
– Falls
– Slips
– Sports
– Car vs. Ped
– Age
– Illness

12. Treatment- Dislocation, Stains, Sprains
• Same treatment as break except
– You must stabilize the injury in position of finding
unless distal of the inj is cyanotic, and pulseless.
In this case you can make 1 attempt to reposition
inj unless resistance is meet or until you can get
pulses back distally.
– To help with swelling a cold pack wrapped in a
protective cloth is recommend for pain/ swelling
control.

13. Treatment- Cartilage
• You can break hard cartilage not soft
cartilage
• Hard cartilage- Ex Nose
• Soft cartilage- Ex Ear
• You can not tear your soft but you can tear soft Ex: Ear
Drum.

14. Femur Injury

15. Femur Injury
• Same as prior slides for treatment
• Use traction control devise
• Ex: Hare or Sager
• Contraindications
– Close to knee
– Injury to hip
– Injury to pelvis
– Injury to lower extremity
– Amputation or avulsion w/ bone separation

16. Sports injury's
• Most common injury's to consider:
• Spinal injury's
• Muscular skeletal
• Dehydration
• Head Injury's
– Concussions
– Skull Fractures
– Impact injuries

17. Sports Injuries
• For youth sports- Make sure that parents are
informed of what's going on. Coach/ principle
or training staff should have parent release.
• Helmets- ask training staff or coaches to help
with helmets. Most helmets now have
removable masks to prevent having to move
the head and neck to remove the helmet.
• If you need to remove the helmet, you need
to trained personnel.
• Keep an eye out for crowd control

18. MVC- Motor Vehicle Accidents
• Can include-
– Car vs. multi cars
– Ped
– Bicyclist
– Motor Cycle
• Keep in mind that the speed of the objects hitting are
added together. Ex car 1 Vic going 35 MPH hits car 2
going 45 MPH is a impact speed of Vic is 75 MPH.
• Can have multi inj- Ex femur + C Spine
• Can have hidden injuries

19. • Thank you for your cooperation tonight