Where are We in the Search for an HIV Vaccine?
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This document summarizes the current state of HIV/AIDS and efforts towards developing an HIV vaccine. It notes that as of 2013, there are over 34 million people living with HIV globally, with 2.7 million new infections and 2 million AIDS-related deaths that year. Developing an effective HIV vaccine or other prevention method faces major challenges, as the process from discovery to regulatory approval for other vaccines has typically taken decades. The development of an HIV vaccine involves basic research, prototype design, pre-clinical testing, and clinical trials - which is a long, complex process requiring collaboration between different areas of expertise. While there has been some promising research, an HIV vaccine is still likely many years away due to the difficulties of the process.
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The introductory slide deck is based on a Biotechnology Fundamentals course we delivered to AusIndustry (Australian Government, Department of Industry) R&D Tax Assessors in May/June 2014. It covers the broad concept of biotechnology from its historical relevance to its impact in the achievement of contemporary objectives in the fields of medicine, plant and animal sciences, in food, marine and environmental sciences, drawing comparisons with conventional technologies, introducing the concepts of bioethics, patenting and other regulatory issues and providing non-science professionals with a basic understanding of the science, technology, regulatory and commercial environments driving the biotechnology sectors, delivered in bite sized portions. The first deck is a Welcome and Overview covering:
• Definition of biotechnology
• Historical relevance
• Contemporary objectives with overview of industry sub-sectors
• State of play
Laboratory biosafety manual
The document provides guidance on biosafety levels and risk group classification. It describes 4 biosafety levels and 4 risk groups for infectious microorganisms. Biosafety level designations are based on facility design and practices required for safe work, while risk groups consider the pathogenicity and transmissibility of organisms. The appropriate biosafety level for work is determined through risk assessment and may differ from the risk group designation.
Who biosafety manual
The document provides guidance on biosafety levels and risk group classification. It describes the four biosafety levels and relates them to the four risk groups based on pathogenicity and availability of treatment and prevention measures. Biosafety level designation is based on risk assessment and considers the specific laboratory work being conducted. The summary provides an overview of facility requirements at each biosafety level.
Whole Genome Sequencing and Food Safety: Potential relevance to the work of C...
http://www.fao.org/food/food-safety-quality/a-z-index/wgs/en/
Opening presentation of the side event illustrating how WGS for food safety can potentially impact the scientific advice and ideas provided to Codex for their work. Presentation includes case studies of WGS in food safety, benefits and drawbacks of applying WGS for food safety, examples of Codex documents where WGS can be applied.
© FAO: http://www.fao.org
Introduction to Pharmaceutical Microbiology
A brief intro to microbiology lab in pharmaceutical industry, scope, activities and career path of microbiologist.
Multiplex Arrays for POC infection detention
Randox is developing multiplex biochip arrays for point-of-care infection detection. Their technology allows up to 100 tests to be performed simultaneously on a single sample. They have developed arrays for sexually transmitted infections, respiratory infections, urinary tract infections, and sepsis. The sepsis array detects 47 bacterial and fungal targets and 3 antibiotic resistance genes directly from blood within 4 hours, which could transform sepsis care. Randox is also continually developing new molecular multiplex assays and working with clinical partners to define diagnostic needs.
Biosafety - History, Levels and issues
This document provides an introduction to biosafety. It defines biosafety as safety from exposure to infectious agents according to the CDC. It then discusses the history of biosafety, including the first biosafety conference in 1955 and the establishment of biosafety levels 1 through 4 by the CDC. The document outlines the need for biosafety in laboratories working with infectious agents and describes the scope of biosafety across fields like medicine, agriculture and exobiology. It also covers biosafety issues in academic research, regulations, signage, hazardous materials, and provides details on the four biosafety levels based on pathogen risk.
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Lustrumlezing paul stoffels de rol van innovatie voor de gezondheidszorg van ...
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Nw biotech fundamentals day 2 session 1 introduction
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2013-10-23 DTL Next Generation Life Sciences Event, Utrecht
2013-10-23 DTL Next Generation Life Sciences Event, Utrecht
EMERGING CHALLENGES IN DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY BEST WE CAN CONTRIBUTE?
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This quiz was conducted as a promotional event for the 2024 Annual Meet of Kerala Chapter of API.
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Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
Widespread adoption of cell therapies will not only require strong efficacy and safety data, but also adapted pricing and access strategies. At oncology-based price points, CAR-Ts are unlikely to achieve broad market access in autoimmune disorders, with eligible patient populations that are potentially orders of magnitude greater than the number of currently addressable cancer patients. Developers have made strides towards reducing cell therapy COGS while improving manufacturing efficiency, but payors will inevitably restrict access until more sustainable pricing is achieved.
Despite these headwinds, industry leaders and investors remain confident that cell therapies are poised to address significant unmet need in patients suffering from autoimmune disorders. However, the extent of this impact on the treatment landscape remains to be seen, as the industry rapidly approaches an inflection point.
Hemodialysis: Chapter 5, Dialyzers Overview - Dr.Gawad
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/Pt1nA32sdHQ
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/uFdc9F0rlP0
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
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Where are We in the Search for an HIV Vaccine?
- 1. Roger Tatoud, Ph.D UK HIV Vaccine Consortium (UK HVC) Imperial College London 1
- 2. AHPN, June 2010 AHPN, November 2013 34 33.4 million of people • living with HIV 2.5 2.7 million new • 7.0 infections • 9.5 million of people in 53%need of treatment • 42% had access to 1.7 treatment • 2.0 million AIDSrelated death 0 • • • • Cure Vaccine Microbicide Changes in behaviour or technology that works 100% of the time 2
- 3. 3
- 4. 4
- 5. 1 Basic research Prototype Discovery & Design Pre-clinical Development 3 Early clinical trials (I/II) Late clinical trials (III/IV) Regulatory approval Marketing Post marketing compliance Patient 32 years and counting 1-2 years 2 Product Manufactur e Time taken from discovery of the pathogen to existence of the vaccine: 2-5 years 1-2 years Product Manufactur e 3-10 years • Typhoid: 105 years • Whooping cough: 89 years • Polio: 47 years • Measles: 42 years HIV: 35-55 years? 5
- 9. Structur e& function Cat “HIV” Basic research Prototype Discovery & Design STEP & HVTN505 Louis Picker CMV UK HVC Spoke 003 Pre-clinical Development RV144 (Thai Trial) Early clinical trials (I/II) 32 years and counting Late clinical trials (III/IV) CAPRISA Regulatory approval Marketing Post marketing compliance Patient PrEP (USA) iPrEX 1-2 years Product Manufactur e 2-5 years 1-2 years Product Manufactur e 3-10 years 9
- 10. • Long, complex, slow process • A range of expertise that are not always at hand • Collaborations • Trials & Errors • Reasons to be hopeful • Beware of the hype • Involving the public 10