The document summarizes the levels of local government in the Philippines. It outlines that autonomous regions have the most power, with only one existing currently. Provinces are the highest level outside autonomous regions. Cities and municipalities are divided into independent cities not part of provinces, component cities within provinces, and municipalities within provinces. The smallest level is barangays, which make up cities and municipalities. All local governments have executive and legislative branches, but no judicial branch. Elected officials have 3-year terms with a limit of 3 consecutive terms.

1. Levels of Local Government
Source: Local Government Code of 1991

2. Autonomous Regions:
Autonomous regions have more powers than other local
governments. The constitution limits the creation of autonomous
regions to Muslim Mindanao and the Cordilleras but only one
autonomous region exists: the Autonomous Region in Muslim
Mindanao (ARMM). In 2001, a plebiscite in the ARMM confirmed
the previous composition of the autonomous region and
added Basilan (except for the city of Isabela) and Marawi
City in Lanao del Sur. Isabela City remains a part of the province of
Basilan despite rejecting inclusion in the ARMM. A Cordillera
Autonomous Region has never been formed because
no plebiscite has received the required support.
An autonomous region is governed by the regional governor and a
legislature such as the ARMM Regional Legislative Assembly.
Source: Local Government Code of 1991

3. Provinces
• Outside the lone autonomous region, the provinces
are the highest-level local government. The provinces
are organized into component cities and municipalities.
A province is governed by the governor and a
legislature known as the Sangguniang Panlalawigan.
Source: Local Government Code of 1991

4. Cities and Municipalities
• Municipal Government in the Philippines is divided
into three – independent cities, component cities,
and municipalities (sometimes referred to as towns).
Several cities across the country are "independent
cities" which means that they are not governed by a
province, even though like Iloilo City the provincial
capitol might be in the city. Independent city
residents do not vote for nor hold provincial offices.
Far more cities are component cities and are a part
of a province. Municipalities are always a part of a
province except for Pateros which was separated
from Rizal to form Metro Manila
Source: Local Government Code of 1991

5. Cities and municipalities are governed by
mayors and legislatures, which are called
the Sangguniang Panlungsod in cities and
the Sangguniang Bayan in municipalities.
Source: Local Government Code of 1991

6. Barangays
• Every city and municipality in the Philippines is divided
into barangays, the smallest of the Local Government Units.
Barangays can be further divided into sitios and puroks but
those divisions do not have leaders elected in formal
elections supervised by the national government.
• A barangay's executive is the Punong Barangay or
barangay captain and its legislature is the Sangguniang
Barangay, composed of barangay captain, the Barangay
Kagawads (barangay councilors) and the SK chairman. The
SK chairman also leads a separate assembly for youth,
the Sangguniang Kabataan or SK.
Source: Local Government Code of 1991

7. Offices
• Local governments have two
branches: executive and legislative. All courts in the
Philippines are under the Supreme Court of the
Philippines and therefore there are no local-government
controlled judicial branches. Nor do local governments
have any prosecutors or public defenders, as those are
under the jurisdiction of the national government.
• The executive branch is composed of the regional
governor for the Autonomous Region in Muslim
Mindanao, governor for the provinces, mayor for the
cities and municipalities, and the barangay captain for the
barangays.
Source: Local Government Code of 1991

8. Legislatures
The legislatures review
the ordinances and resolutions enacted by the
legislatures below. Aside from regular and ex-
officio members, the legislatures above the barangay
level also have three sectoral representatives, one
each from women, agricultural or industrial workers,
and other sectors.
Source: Local Government Code of 1991

9. Level of
government
Legislature Composition[2]
Head
Autonomous
region
Regional
Legislative
Assembly[a]
 total of 24 members:[3]
 Lanao del Sur, Maguindanao (excluding Cotabato
City), Sulu: 6 each, 3 elected from each assembly
district
 Basilan (except Isabela City), Tawi-Tawi: 3 each,
elected at-large
 Sectoral representatives
Assembly
speaker
Province
Sangguniang
Panlalawigan[b]
 varies, as of 2016:[3]
 Cavite and Cebu: 14 SP members, 2 elected from
each district
 Batangas, Negros
Occidental and Pangasinan:[c]
12 SP members, 2
elected from each district
 All other provinces of the first and second income
classes:[d]
10 SP members, with seat distribution
among districts varying.[e]
 Provinces of the third and fourth income
classes:[f]
8 SP members, with seat distribution
among districts varying.[e]
 Provinces of the fifth and sixth income classes: 6
SP members, 3 per district
 President of the provincial chapter of the Liga ng mga
Barangay
 President of the provincial chapter of the League of
Councilors
 President of the provincial federation of
the Sangguniang Kabataan
 Sectoral representatives
Vice
governor
Source: Local Government Code of 1991

10. City
Sangguniang
Panlungsod[g]
 varies, as of 2016:[3]
 Manila and Quezon City: 36 councilors, 6 elected from
each district
 Davao City: 24 councilors, 8 elected from each district
 Antipolo, Cagayan de Oro, Cebu
City, Makati, Muntinlupa, Parañaque, Taguig, Zamboan
ga City: 16 councilors, 8 elected from each district
 Bacoor, Calbayog, San Jose del Monte, and all other
cities in Metro Manila: 12 councilors, 6 elected from
each district
 Samal, Sorsogon City: 12 councilors, 4 elected from
each district
 Bacolod, Baguio, Batangas
City, Biñan, Dasmariñas, General Santos, Iligan, Iloilo
City, Imus, Lapu-Lapu, Lipa, San Fernando (La
Union), Tuguegarao: 12 councilors, elected at-large
 All other cities: 10 councilors, elected at-large
 President of the city chapter of the Liga ng mga Barangay
 President of the city federation of the Sangguniang
Kabataan
 Sectoral representatives
Vice mayor
Municipality
Sangguniang
Bayan
 varies, as of 2016:[3]
 Pateros, Metro Manila: 12 councilors, 6 elected from
each district
 All other municipalities: 8 councilors, elected at-large
 President of the municipal chapter of the Liga ng mga
Barangay
 President of the municipal federation of the Sangguniang
Kabataan
 Sectoral representatives
Vice mayor
Barangay
Sangguniang
Barangay
 7 members elected at-large
 Sangguniang Kabataan chairperson
Barangay
captain
Sangguniang
Kabataan
 7 members elected at-large
Sangguniang
Kabataan
chairperson
Source: Local Government Code of 1991

11. Elected officials
• All elected officials have 3-year terms, and can only
serve a maximum of three consecutive terms before
being ineligible for reelection.
LGU Official
Minimum age (18 is
the voting age[6])
Autonomous region
Regional governor
35 years old on election
day[7]
Regional vice governor
Same as regional
governor
Regional legislative
assembly member
21 years old on election
day[7]
Provinces
Governor
23 years old on election
day[5]
Vice governor Same as governor
Source: Local Government Code of 1991

12. Sangguniang Panlalawigan member Same as governor
Mayor Same as governor
Vice mayor Same as governor
Sangguniang Panlungsod member (Councilor) Same as governor
Mayor 21 years old on election day
Vice mayor
Same as independent component and component
city mayor
Sangguniang Panlungsod member (Councilor)
Same as independent component and component
city mayor
Mayor
Same as independent component and component
city mayor
Vice mayor
Same as independent component and component
city mayor
Sangguniang Bayan member (Councilor)
Same as independent component and component
city mayor
Punong Barangay 18 years old on election day
Barangay kagawad Same as Punong Barangay
Sangguniang Kabataan chairperson 15 to 21 years old on election day*
Source: Local Government Code of 1991

13. Offices that are common to
Municipalities, Cities and Provinces
• There are 21 offices in a government, whether it is municipal,
city or provincial. There are some mandatory and optional offices
to the government.
Office Head Municipality City Province
Office of the Secretary to
the Sanggunian
Secretary to the
Sanggunian
√ √ √
Treasurer's Office Treasurer √ √ √
Assessor's Office Assessor √ √ √
Accounting Office Accountant √ √ √
Budget Office Budget Officer √ √ √
Planning and
Development Office
Planning and
Development Coordinator
√ √ √
Engineer's Office Engineer √ √ √
Health Office Health Officer √ √ √
Office of the Civil Registry Civil Registrar √ √ X
Office of the Administrator Administrator √ √ √
Office of the Legal
Services
Legal Officer ? √ √
Source: Local Government Code of 1991

14. Office of Agricultural
Services/Office of the
Agriculturist
Agriculturist ? ? √
(Office of) Social Welfare
and Development Office
Social Welfare and
Development Officer
√ √ √
(Office of) Environment and
Natural Resources Office
Environment and Natural
Resources Officer
? ? ?
Office of Architectural
Planning and Design
Architect ? ? ?
Office of Public Information Information Officer ? ? ?
Office for the Development
of
Cooperatives/Cooperatives
Development Office
Cooperatives Officer X ? ?
Population Office Population Officer ? ? ?
Veterinary Office/Office of
Veterinary Services
Veterinarian X √ √
(Office of) Public Safety
Office
Public Safety Officer ? ? ?
(Office of) General
Services Office
General Services Officer X √ √
Legend:
√ - Mandatory
? - Optional
X - Not Applicable Source: Local Government Code of 1991

15. Thank you… 