Literature Review and Case Study of Commercial Complex Design.pptx

Presented By:
Aakriti Giri (078BAR001)
Adweta Amatya (078BAR007)
Arjun Timsina (078BAR010)
Ashok Shrestha (078BAR011)
Manoj Thapa (078BAR015)
Oshin Dura (078BAR024)
PRESENTATION ON CASE STUDY OF:
COMMERCIAL
COMPLEX

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
1. Literature Review
2. Case Study National
a. Manbhawan Complex, Kumaripati
b. United World Trade Center Tripureshwor
3. Case Study: International
a. The Lane 189
b. The Groove at Central City
4. Comparative Analysis

● A commercial complex is a multifunctional
architectural structure designed to
accommodate various commercial activities
such as retail stores, offices, restaurants, and
entertainment facilities within a single
integrated development. It often features a
mix of uses, multiple levels, and centralized
amenities to cater to diverse needs and attract
foot traffic.
INTRODUCTION
● Its distinctive architectural design and varied
programmatic elements, fostering a vibrant
and dynamic urban environment.
(Source: pinterest.com)

TIMELINE
Greek Agoras and Roman Forums
● A market place
● Craftsman and workshops
● Social and cultural exchange
01
02
03
Modern Commercial Centers
04
● Mixed use Developments
● Adaptive Reuse and Revitalization of Projects
● Sustainable architecture and green design
principles
● Smart Buildings
● Temporary Commercial Gatherings
● Wide Variety of Merchandise
Medieval Fairs And Bazaars
Future
● Virtual Commercial Complexes
● Wide Variety of Merchandise

HISTORY
Greek Agoras and Roman Forums Medieval Fairs And Bazaars
Futuristic Complex Modern Commercial Centers

Brief History In Nepal
Bishal Bazar complex
● The 1st commercial complex in Nepal
built in 2026 BS.
● Features: basic shops, offices and resting
areas.
Bhatbhateni
● Bhatbhateni supermarket established in
2041 BS
● Features : basic shops, resting areas and
food courts
Source: wikipedia.com
Source: slideshare.com

Brief History In Nepal
Civil Mall
● This commercial complex in Nepal was built in
2010 AD .
● Features: Kids play area, food courts, movie
theatres were incorporated .
Labim Mall
● Labim Mall established in 2073 BS.
● Features : Basic shops,QFX,food stalls,
children play area, restaurants,cafe, plaza
(Photography: Arjun Timsina)
(Photography: Arjun Timsina)

TYPES OF COMPLEX ACCORDING TO TIME SAVER
Neighbourhood Centre (Sub-urban)
● Its role in sub-urban communities
● Rows of stores and retails serving urban locals
● Compact parking
● Usually no vertical extension of building
Source: pinterest.com

INTERMEDIATE OR COMMUNITY SIZE CENTRE
● Strip of stores as well but larger than neighbourhood centre
● Also known as junior department store
● Local economy impact
● Parking similar as neighbourhood centre
Source: pinterest.com Source: Google Maps
30,000 SF to 125,000 SF.

REGIONAL CENTRE
● Contain 1-4 department stores and 50-100
more shops
● Double Deck parking to save land area
● Double deck store
● Strategic Location : Transportation,
Connectivity
● All shops face inward to the mall with back
to the parking
● Integrated Amenities: Food courts, rest
areas, restrooms, and information kiosks
Source: google.com
Source: google.com
400,000 SF to 800,000 SF.

DOWNTOWN (RENEWAL PROJECT)
● Parking normally multi decked
● Vertical development
● Utilizes thorough security measures like surveillance
cameras, patrols and emergency protocol to
safeguard visitors
● Smart development
system
● Housed in historic
structures`
Source: shutterstock.com
source: shutterstock.com

BASIC COMPONENTS
Entrance Parking Plaza/ Atrium
Office Retail Recreation

SPATIAL ARRANGEMENTS
VERTICAL ZONING HORIZONTAL ZONING

SPACE ZONING IN COMMERCIAL COMPLEX
A commercial complex and be divided into
spaces as per their function.
Different types of spaces:
i. Static space: Space having distinct function
ii. Transitional space: Space connecting static space
iii. Dynamic spaces: Transitional spaces that are
constantly changing and living
Source: slideshare.com

Parking
● Basement/ Cellar
● Stilt floors
● Open space within 30 m of entry
● 1:25 differently abled spot
● 1 parking per 200 sq ft
Source: dimensions.com

Source: Time Savers Standards for Building Types

● Per 100 sq. meter gross retail area = 4-5
● Location: where it is easily accessible
and safe
● The minimum size of a compact
parking space should be 2.5 meters by 5
meters for cars.
● Most common types of parking are
angle parking.
● Perpendicular parking and parallel
parking.
● Turning radius for car: 3.5 meter and 6
meter inner and outer radius
respectively.
● Turning radius for motorcycle: 2.6
meter.
Parking
Source: Neufert’s Architect Data

● Escalators, found in malls, airports, and
train stations, are looped tracks with
moving steps.
● Width: 0.9-1.2m
● Length: 5.0-7.0m
● Step width: 0.6-0.8m
● Rise: 4.0-7.0m
● Speed: 0.5-0.7m/s
● Capacity: 20-30 passengers/min
● Sizes vary based on capacity and space.
Escalators

Lift
● Lifts, in buildings, vary in size with cabin widths
of 1.0-2.5m and depths of 1.0-2.5m.
● Shaft heights match building height and floors.
● Passenger lifts carry 5-20 people.
● Freight lifts are larger for efficient goods
transport.

● Minimum gradient: 1:8 (7 degrees) for
height difference ≤450mm.
● Maximum gradient: 1:12 (5 degrees) for
height difference >450mm.
● Level platform every 1.5m vertical rise.
● Platform length: ≥1.2m, same width as
ramp.
● Minimum ramp width: 1m.
Ramps
Source: shutterstock.com Source: pinterest.com

Entrance and escape
● Aisle width: 1m per 150 people (min.
0.8m).
● In proscenium theaters, main fire
hazard is stage fires.
● Strategy: Contain stage fire within
stage tower walls, utilizing upward
draught to draw heat and smoke
away.
● Max lifts in one row: 4.
● Fire-rated wall (2h) between lift shafts
in a bank.
● Lifts must have solid doors with at
least one-hour fire resistance; no
collapsible gates.
● Lift shafts require a vent at the top,
minimum 0.2m² area.

ENTRANCE
● Grandeur
● Welcoming/ Appealing
● Raised Plinth
● Entry canopy/ Porch
Source: facebook.com
Source: dreamtime.com
Source: dreamtime.com

Plaza/ Atrium
● A space to admire building
● Public square
● Sit, Relax, Time Pass ( Breathing Space)
● Control flow of people
Source: archdaily.com

Offices
Hybrid
Co-working
Individual
Source: freepics.com

Retails
1. Shops
2. Departmental Store
3. Clothing Stores
4. Accessories retails

Retail TYPES OF LAYOUT:
Free Flow
Herring Bone
Grid
Loop
Source: freepik.com

Recreation
● Activity ( Bowling, Arcade, Trampoline, VR)
● Gaming zones
● Children play area
For Children
Age Group
0.6
0.5
0.9
0-6
6-12
12-18
Area ( M2)
Source: google.com

Restaurants
● Distance between table and wall around 760 mm (30”)
● Emergency exits must be 1m wide per 150 people
● One person requires table area around 600 mm (24”) wide and
3600mm-4800mm (12’-16’) deep
● Dining area usually based on no. sq. ft per person seated times no.
of person seated at a time
Source: Time Saver Standards for Building Types

Food Courts and Bar
● Activity ( Bowling, Arcade, Trampoline, VR)
● Gaming zones
● Children play area
Source: Time Saver Standards for Building Types

Services
1. Electricity
● Minimize circuit usage, avoiding multi-plug adaptors
whenever possible.
● Directly plug big or high-voltage appliances into wall
outlets.
● Use extension cords temporarily, not exceeding 90
days, to prevent electrical accidents and overload.
● Maintain a minimum clearance of 90cm between
electrical boxes and panels.
● The emergence of electric vehicle chargers, with
their high currents and lithium-ion batteries,
introduces new safety concerns.

Services
Earthing system
In an electricity supply system, an earthing system (or grounding
system) is a network of connections that link various parts of the
electric circuit with the ground.
Objectives:
● Shielding structures from lightning strikes by channeling
the lightning through the earthing system and into the
ground rod, rather than allowing it to pass through the
structure.
● Ensuring the safety of mains electricity by preventing
issues related to floating ground and sky voltage.
● Establishing a low-resistance and secure pathway for
lightning and fault currents.
● Sustaining supply voltages.

Services
2. HVAC system
● The HVAC system in commercial buildings is
responsible for cleaning the air by removing dust and
other particles.
● It also addresses odor control, localizing and eliminating
unwanted smells to maintain indoor air quality.
● They create a comfortable indoor climate.
● In retail areas, low noise levels are prioritized for
customer comfort.
● Ventilation components should be discreetly integrated
for aesthetic appeal.
● Simple maintenance is vital for efficient and long-lasting
operation.
Source: arch20.com

Services
3. Fire Safety
● Fire safety in buildings involves various systems
and measures.
● These include fire alarms, extinguishers,
emergency lighting, and sprinkler systems.
● Fire sprinkler systems, like water spray and mist,
gas and foam, deluge, and pre-action systems,
offer active fire suppression capabilities.
● Smoke control and compartmentation help
manage fire hazards.
● Regular training ensures preparedness among
occupants.
● Compliance with building codes ensures
effectiveness.
Source: google.com

Case Studies:
CASE 1
01
02
03
04
Manbhawan Complex,
Kumaripati
CASE 2 United WTC,
Tripureshwor
CASE 3
The Groove, Thailand
CASE 4
Lane 189, Shanghai

Case study : National
Manbhawan Complex
● Location: Kumaripati, Lalitpur
● Architect: Ar. Sanjay Lal Shrestha
● Owner/Developer: Ar. Sanjay Lal Shrestha
● Area: 1040.24 sq. meter
● Topography: Plain
● Built up area: 724.76 sq. meter.
● Ground Coverage: 69.67 %
● Year of Completion: Under construction
● No of Floors: 5
Manbhawan Mall
Photography: Adweta

Programs And Functionality
RETAIL
Types of Commercial Spaces:
OFFICES
CAFETERIA
CLUB
(Source: Outre Design)

RETAILS AND CAFETERIA:
Photography: Arjun Timsina Source: Outre Design Photography: Arjun Timsina

Case study : National (Manbhawan)
Architectural Form and Massing
● A balance of mass and void can be observed
● Play of linear geometry
● Grand front facade hence creating welcoming entrance
● Designed such that shops inside can be seen from
outside
Sketched: Mr. Manoj Thapa

Case study : National (Manbhawan)
Space and Configuration
Zoning and Layout of the complex
● Ground Floor, First Floor and Second Floor are retail
and Cafeteria
● Third Floor is Bar (Trisara)
● Fourth Floor and Fifth Floor are for offices
● Basement : Parking
Vertical Zoning
Sketched: Manoj Thapa

Size and Distribution of each Spaces

Size and Distribution of each Spaces:

THIRD FLOOR PLAN
Size and Distribution of each Spaces:

Parking:
● Well lit
● Cool
● 2 Storey
Photography: Adweta Amatya
Parking Capacity:
Cars: 21 No.s (34
No.s with double
stack)
Bikes: 29 No.s

Height and proportion
Interior Spaces
● Room Height= 3500
● False ceiling sed to hide beams
● Play in the form
● Use of vertical elements
Source: Outre Design

Structural system :
Steel Beam and Corrugated Sheets
Circular Columns
RCC Framed Structure
● column spacing, ranging from 3 meters to 6.5 meters

GRID PLAN

Interior Spaces
● Features walls with neutral tones and
glasses
● The building's layout promotes
exploration with open retail spaces on
multiple levels and interspersed small
kiosks.
● It features one way escalator
● To exaggerate the contrast between solid
and void, RGB lighting is installed behind
the panels to create a variety of visual
effects at different times of day, or for
special occasions.

Facade Design
● Perforated thick aluminium
● Aluminum cladding sheets bent sharply to
form a shiny, reimagining of conventional
corrugated sheeting wall panels
● Glass facade for stores
Photography: Ashok Shrestha

Interior Spaces
● CGI Sheet was used as
covering material for the
stairs that is visible from
the front facade
Photography: Aakriti Giri Source: Outre Design

Building Materials:
Glass Brick Marble
Glass Facade
Perforated Aluminium
Recycled Plastic Composite (RPC)
Gypsum Boards

Services and Utility:
● Separate lift provided on
basement for service
purpose only.
● Void room from below to
top for placement of A/C
ducts and fire extinguishing
elements.
● Emergency Route and Fire
Safety

United World Trade Center
Location: Tripureshwor
Architect: Ar. Bishnu Pd Panthee
Area: 10-15-3-0 (Approx. 5400 Sq. meter)
Topography:Almost flat land
Built up area: 1839.95 sq meter
Ground Coverage: 61.3%
No of Floors: 5
Site Location

Concept:
1. Site Context: Understand site features like
topography, orientation, and surroundings.
1. Massing Manipulation: Adapt building mass to fit
function and blend with environment.
1. Orientation and Views: Position building for optimal
views, light, and climate considerations.
1. Distinct Entrance: Create visually striking entrance
to attract traffic and serve as a focal point.
1. Visual Impact: Enhance visual appeal with careful
design of form, materials, and details.

Ground floor:
● Food and Beverage
Outlets
● Koisks
● Entertainment Venues
● Retails Shops
● Restaurants
First floor: -
● Shops
● Retail Stores
● Entertainment Venues
● Service Providers
● Fitness Centers
● Pop-Up Shops
Second floor: -
● Office spaces
● Financial Branches Sketched: Manoj Thapa

Types of Commercial Spaces
Third floor: -
● Office and Business spaces
Fourth floor:
● Occupied by DECC (Direction Exhibition Convention Center), it
contains seminar hall, multi-purpose hall, exhibition hall, Agni
hall of 500 capacity and food outlet to cater its customers.
● The floor has been planed and developed to provide different
utility sections to conduct different exhibition, seminar etc.
Fifth floor:-
● restaurant covering area
● party palace
● swimming pool
● fitness club
● spa center

Size and Distribution of each
Spaces
Ground Floor
● Koisks: 50-200 sq. meter
● Resturants: 500-2000 sq. meter
● Retail Stores: 25 to 50 sq. meter
● Drinks Outlets: 15 to 40 sq. meter
● Entertainment Venues: 100 sq. meter
First Floor
● Retail Stores: 50-100 sq. meter
● Pop-Up Shops: 10-50 sq. meter
● Business Area: 20-40 sq. meter

Second Floor
● Office Spaces: 200-500 sq. meter
● Financial Branches: 100-500 sq. meter
● Service Area : 100 sq meter
Third Floor
● Office Spaces: 10-200 sq. meter
● Business Centers: 100-500 sq meter
● Meeting Rooms: 50-100 sq. meter
● Retail/Office Hybrid Spaces: 50-100 sq. meter

Size and Distribution of each
Spaces
Fourth Floor
● Direction Exhibition and Convention
Center(DECC) at fourth floor (area 254540sq ft).
● Conduct event like, exhibition, trade fair and
seminar
Exhibition hall=12000 sq ft.
Capacity nearly 70 standard
● Seminar cum Banquet Hall =1650 sq.ft. (nearly
150 participants)
● Food outlet/kitchen=2425sq ft.
Capacity to cater to 100 customers at a time, a
special VIP suite, 12 business chamber
● Multi-purpose hall=1350 sq ft.
Fifth floor
● Restaurant covering area of200 capacity,
a party palace of 1000 capacity and UWTC office.
● Fitness club with 400 members and spa center

Zoning and Layout of the complex:
Zoning at Each Floor
Fig: Circulation and Zoning in Ground Floor Plan

Ground Floor Plan

First Floor Plan

Second Floor Plan

Third and Fourth Floor Plan

Fifth Floor Plan

Basement Floor Plan

Circulation Patterns:
Circulation:
● Horizontal:wide and sufficent passage of
different width(1.5 m,1.9 m, 2.4 m,
3m,3.6 m,6.096 m)
● Vertical: Staircase, 4 lifts (4'-0"x4'-4")
8 people capacity (630 kg)
● Escalator of width 0.9 m, with railing of
0.8 m ht.
● Lobby space: 1.7m
Flow:
● The passenger arranged the outer
periphery of the two atrium.
● Free flowing pattern within the building
● Major mass flow occurs through the
staircase.
● The passage has also been used as a
bridge connection between the two parts
of each floor.

Overall architecture character:
● Play of linear geometry.
● Cutting edge space for an entrance improves
accessibility and visibility..
● Shops and restaurants inside visible from
outside.
● Efficient circulation layout for easy access.
● Integration of modern materials for durability
and aesthetics.
● Incorporation of public spaces for social
interaction.
● Sustainable design elements such as green
roofs or solar panel.

Height and proportion
Interior Spaces
1. Varied building heights for visual interest.
2. Vertical emphasis through elements like column
3. Strategic placement of tall elements to create
focal points.
4. Proportional scaling of details to the building's
size.
6. Use of horizontal lines to enhance perceived
height.

Building Material
Material used:
Structure:
● RCC
● Steel
● Tiles
Facade:
● Fibre glass
● ACP
Roof:
● CGI sheet
● Tubular truss

Relation with Buildings
1. Urban reflection: Mimics surrounding urban
environment.
2. Street visibility: Activities visible from street
level.
3. Program diversity: Offers varied amenities.
4. Pedestrian invitation: Welcomes street-level
interaction.
5. Focal prominence: Central attraction in the
urban area.
6. Junction support: Integrates adjacent
elements.
7. Kiosk collaboration: Supports nearby kiosks.
8. Flashing screen feature: Enhances visibility.
9. Landmark status: Recognizable urban
landmark.

Facade Design
● Elevate the corner entrance as a focal point,
integrating it into the urban landscape with striking
visual impact.
● Design a distinguished entrance with double-height
glass doors and a graceful canopy, blurring the line
between inside and out.
● Use a rhythmic vertical pattern with slender
mullions or fins to enhance the building's stature
and add sophistication.
● Complement with features like water bodies and
gardens to enhance environmental responsibility
and aesthetics.

Structural system
Column
● Circular : 0.45m diameter
● Rectangular-0.4572 meters x
0.4572 meters
● Spaced between - 6 meter
between columns
Slab
● Type : Plain/waffle slab
● Depth : 0.15 meter
● Placement : Grid:5.5 meter*5.5
meter
Floor to Floor Height : 3.35 meter
Basement analysis:
● Clearance ht: 2.5 meter

Structural system
Frame structure :
● For Atrium: prismatic curve truss - span
12- 15 meter
● Tubular Truss - span - 4 meter
● Tubular Lattice Truss- span 10-12 meter

Structural system
Frame structure :
● Main and secondary flat beam
truss - spanning 4-5 meters
● Flat roof truss - span 5-6 meter

Services
Parking
● 2 wheeler-100 Nos.
● 4 wheeler-200 Nos.
Staircase
● Width of staircase: 5'-10"
● Tread-11"
● Riser-6"
Fire escape stair:4'-3"(width)
● Riser :6"
● Used frequently

Services
Rest room:
● At the one corner of each floor.
● Room well ventilated and use of natural light
● Men-4w/c, 3basins, 6urinals
● Women-3w/c, 2basins.
● Ducts are provided for the outlet of waste through pipes
● Provision of toilet.

Services:
Provision of of storage area,
generator room, fire fighting,
electical room
● Provision of Guard room
● Provision of lifts in two
place.
● Speed breaker is provided.
● Turning radius: 20'

Case study : International
Location: Shanghai, China (Opposite Of Chang
Shou Park)
Architect: Ben van Berkel, Hannes Pfau
Owner/Developer: CITIC Capital, Sanghai
Area: 6157 sq.m
Topography: Subtropical,Maritime Monsoon
Climate
Gross Floor Area: 38800sq.m
Year of Completion: 2016
No of Floors: 7
Lane 189, Shopping Center
Ref: Gallery of Lane 189 / UNStudio - 1

Concept:
● The design includes ‘Old Shanghai
City’ elements which are given a
contemporary aesthetic and feel.
● The building's floorplates feature sharp
edges on the exteriors, transitioning
into organic, undulating curves within
the central void.
● Blending 'old Shanghai' elements with
modern urban design, Lane 189 offers
a unique, distinctly Shanghai
experience.

● Double-height facade openings serve as "urban eyes," showcasing interior programs and
providing expansive display platforms for products while offering balconies with panoramic
views.

Entrance Design:
● A gradient transition from bigger to
smaller facade components
regulates the exposure of the
inside to the outside, and enhances
the main entrance of the building.
Sketch: Manoj Thapa

Types of Commercial Spaces :
Ground floor:
Lane 189 has a grid span of 5.5m to 7m.
● The entire ground floor contains
shopping elements.
● Coffee shop
● Kiosks
● Marts
● Shops
● Restaurants
First floor: -
● Retail shops
● Art Street
Second floor:
● Retail shops.
● Grand Balcony Ref: Gallery of Lane 189 / UNStudio - 7

Third floor: -
● Office areas
Fourth floor:
● On the fourth floor, the literature zone
provides a tranquil space dedicated to
book lovers and literary enthusiasts.
● This area is enhanced by greenery,
creating a serene and inviting
atmosphere perfect for reading and
relaxation.

Programs And
Functionality
Fifth Floor:-
● Cocktail Bar & Restaurant
Sixt Floor
● Desert Space
Seventh Floor
● The building encourages
the visitor to stroll through
and explore the different
levels of the complex,
culminating in its rooftop
garden facilities.

● Art Street: Featuring art galleries,
exhibitions, and creative spaces in
first floor
● Literature Zone: Dedicated area for
bookstores, literary events, and
reading spaces.
● Roof Garden: A tranquil outdoor
space with greenery, seating areas,
and possibly panoramic views of the
surrounding area.

Massing:
The central void organises vertical circulation and orientation, creates view across the different
levels and facilitates a clear view column from the second basement level up to the skylight art
installation.

Case study : international
Overall architecture character
● The design blends 'old Shanghai' elements
with a modern urban vibe for a uniquely
Shanghai destination.
● A hexagonal grid on the facade offers dynamic
perspectives.
● Two sunken façade holes, termed 'urban eyes,'
add distinctive features.

Height and
proportion
● Its design likely incorporates dynamic
architectural elements, such as sweeping
curves or geometric shapes, to create a
visually striking presence.
● showcases a contemporary design
integrating commercial spaces with
architectural flair, reflecting the dynamic
urban environment of the city.
● The “eyes” have the dual function of
being both ‘showcases’ for products and
balconies for wide views of the
surroundings

Building Material
Material used:
• RCC, Glass
• Steel, Concrete
• Aluminium
Envelope:
Polyvinylidene fluoride(pvdf)-coated
aluminum panels, stainless steel pin
connector elements, Triple layer curtain
wall glazing system (3x 6 mm), Painted
render

● The building's vertical design mirrors the
area's small restaurants and boutiques,
making them visible from the street.
● The components of the façade to
adapt to the changing geometry of the
building and to give ever-changing
public perspectives.

Facade Design:
● Incorporates 'old Shanghai' elements
with contemporary urban design for a
distinctly Shanghai feel.
● Uses a gradient facade transition with a
hexagonal grid and diamond-shaped
panels to control interior exposure and
highlight the main entrance.

Parametric Facade:
● The design blends 'old Shanghai'
elements with modern urban
experiences, creating a unique
Shanghai atmosphere.
● It uses geometry, patterns, and
materials inspired by 'old Shanghai'.
● The facade, based on a hexagonal
grid, features articulated geometry
for dynamic perspectives.

PSEUDO CODE:
● Construct Hexagonal grid of
two scales
● Rotate and move the grids to
get required pattern overlap
● Explode the hexagons into
their individual edges
● List and merge the
appropriate edges
● Loft the curves
● Cull the surfaces with
reference to the distance
from points
● Pipe the required hexagonal
grid
● Bake required surfaces
Grasshopper code:

A gradient transition in facade components regulates
exposure and enhances the entrance, with a tensioned
hexagonal grid on the lower facade varying from single to
triple layers up to 400mm deep.
Ref: archdaily.comc

Interior Spaces
● Exterior: cold and metallic; Interior: warm
color scheme.
● Encourages exploration through open-
layout retail spaces and small kiosks.
● Curved floor plates around a large, skylit
atrium.
● RGB lighting behind panels creates varied
visual effects

Interior Spaces
Retail Store & Kiosk Circulation Spaces
Ref: archdaily.com

Services and Utility
MEP:
Emergency Route and Fire Safety:
● Regular maintenance and monitoring
of MEP systems ensure optimal
performance and comfort for visitors
and occupants.
● Well-defined emergency routes and exits
strategically placed throughout Lane 189,
complying with safety regulations and
standards.
● Fire safety measures installed, including
fire alarms, extinguishers, and sprinkler
systems.
Ref: archdaily.com

Accessibility and Universal Design
● Convenient Location:
Situated within Jing'an District, ensuring
easy access via public transportation.
● Community Integration:
Close proximity to parks, residential areas,
and cultural institutions fosters a sense of
community.
● Streetscape Design:
Thoughtful design features pedestrian-
friendly walkways, green spaces, and
outdoor seating areas, promoting social
interaction and community engagement.
Ref: archdaily.com

Public Spaces and landscaping:
● Lane 189 includes landscaped areas, ponds,
or fountains for tranquil retreats.
● Architecture utilizes natural materials like
wood, stone, and glass.
● Surrounding area may feature eco-friendly
initiatives like community gardens and
urban farms.
● Water management systems help mitigate
runoff and promote groundwater recharge.
Ref: archdaily.com

Groove at central town
Location: Bangkok,Thailand
Architects: Synthesis Design+Architects
Local Architect: Architect 49,Foundry Space
Landscape architects: Trop Design
Owner/Developer: Central pattana
Topography: Low lying flat terrain, hot humid
climate
Built up area:12000 sq.m
Year of Completion:2012/2013
No of Floors: 2+ basement parking
(Source: archdaily.com)

Concept
● Located at the heart i.e. capital city of
Thailand .
● The expansion of one of the world’s
largest shopping mall (Central World).
● Client’s need: Talk of the town
● Architect’s revised as the walk of the
town.
● The intent was to capture the
atmospheric vibrancy of European cafe
culture and the energy and intimacy of
Bangkok's many Soi's (urban alleys) to
define a new contemporary Soi culture
of sophisticated outdoor dining and
lively pedestrian streets. Sketch: Manoj Thapa

Concept
1. Existing plaza
2. Parking
3. Existing Footpath
4. Guardrail
5. Existing Landform+ventilation
void
1.New retails at the top of Parking roof
2. Original entry bridge

1.The Green Plinth
2. Lower green plinth
1.Flat and clean walking surface
2.Existing trees
3. Additional trees
Diagram of the Ideas.

Design elements
● Facade and roof serve as the
building's graphic identity.
● Continuous horizontal lines on facade
accommodate openings for shops
and terracing areas.
Sketch: Manoj Thapa

Design elements
● Designed to interact with the high traffic
conditions of Ploenchit Road and BTS
Skytrain.

● Enclosed retail shop
● Restaurant
● Bars
● Open courtyard space
Types of Commercial Spaces at groove
(Source: https://www.centralworld.co.th/en/groove-

Square grid:
But rooms are not even:
The concept was to Reflect
the irregular and complex
layout of urban public
spaces, then passageways
converge on a courtyard

Ground Floor Plan
Block A
1. Ent
rance
2. Hall
3. Spazio commerciale
Block B
1. Entrance
2. Hall
3. Retail Area

First Floor Plan
Block A
1. Entrance
2. Hall
3. Spazio commerciale
Block B
1. Entrance
2. Hall
3. Retail Area

Structural
Analysis
8000*9000
Skywalk
Total width=10m
Circulation length
=6m
Fire exit =2

Sections

Other Commercial spaces at the
central world
● Central departmental
store
● SF cinema
● Ice ring
● Park
● Hotels
● Bookstore
● Largest fitness club in
south east asia

Overall architecture character
● Exterior captures Bangkok's intensity
and movement.
● Interior combines European cafe
culture with Bangkok's Soi energy.
● Aims to create a contemporary Soi
culture of outdoor dining and lively
streets.
Facade of the groove

Building Material
https://www.theplan.it/

Connection with the other tower of
central world :
● Zen tower
● CPN Tower( Office
building)
● Central World
● Groove

Facade Design
Exterior Perforated Facade Facade imitating the bangkok’s night road view
https://www.theplan.it/

Interior Spaces
Seating spaces Atrium Restaurant

Retail shops

Public Spaces and landscaping
Indoor Courtyard
Green Indoor elements

Public Spaces and landscaping
Walking space between groove and the vehicular road
(Source: archdaily.com) (Sketch Manoj Thapa)

Maintenance, resilience and
adaptability:
● Building utilizes a naturally ventilated
courtyard for energy efficiency.
● Open-air trellis facilitates airflow and
dappled sunlight.
● Retractable canopy offers additional
protection from rain and sun.
https://www.archdaily.com/

S
U
S
T
A
I
N
A
B
I
L
I
T
Y

User Experience and Community Impact
● Passageways converge on a courtyard,
mirroring urban layouts.
● Outdoor areas of restaurants, bars, and
clubs seamlessly connect.
● Opting for outdoor spaces provides an
authentic urban feel.
● Significant energy savings achieved by
eliminating air-conditioning.
Sketch: Manoj Thapa

Accessibility and Universal Design
Reference: http://www.centralworld.co.th/
Groove
Ground floor First floor

Parking
Underground parking
With drop off space at the site.
1. Level 1: This is where the Valet
Parking service is available.
2. Level B2: This is where you can
drop off your car for Valet
Parking, and there's a waiting
lounge provided for your
convenience while the valet
attendant parks your vehicle.
.
https://www.archdaily.com/

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS:
1. QUANTITATIVE
2. QUALITATIVE
(Source: archdaily.com) , google .com

Surrounding landscape
Groove Lane 189
● Located in a dynamic urban environment with
residential and commercial activity.
● The project prioritizes the seamless integration
of plants and landscaping elements, enhancing
the architectural composition with greenery.
● Harmonizes with surroundings while
enhancing the well-being of occupants and
visitors.
● Positioned adjacent to Changshou Park
amidst greenery and open spaces.
● No specific mention of landscape
integration, focus more on the
building's facade.
● Serves as a prominent focal point in its
dynamic surroundings.

Facade
Contributes to the building's
prominence in the urban landscape
Represents a sophisticated and
innovative approach
Groove
Lane 189
● Distinguishes the structure, making it a standout
feature in the city.
● Minimalist, shades of grey and black, wooden
finishes, greenery, hexagonal grid skylight.
● A gradient transition from bigger to smaller facade
components regulates the exposure of the inside
to the outside, and enhances the main entrance of
the building.

Material
Stainless steel, steel-reinforced
concrete, stainless steel pin connectors,
PVDF-coated aluminum panels, Acrylic
boards.
The World Trade Center in Tripureshwor,
Kathmandu is constructed primarily using
reinforced concrete, glass, and steel, which
provide structural strength, durability, and a
modern aesthetic.
Lane 189, United World Trade Center

Layout and use of Spaces
Groove
● The Groove is designed around a central
open-air courtyard, enhancing horizontal
flow and creating a communal dining and
social space.
● Lane 189 is centered around a large
atrium, promoting vertical interaction
and maximizing natural light.
Lane 189
Sketch: Manoj Thapa

Emergency exit
National cases:
Manbhawan complex, UWTC
Emergency exit are not placed
appropriately.
International cases :
Groove, Lane 189
Design emphasises the placement
of emergency exits as per literature
review.

Literature Review and Case Study of Commercial Complex Design.pptx

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Literature Review and Case Study of Commercial Complex Design.pptx