The document provides an overview of deconstructive criticism and its application to Wilfred Owen's poem "Dulce et Decorum Est". It summarizes the key aspects of deconstruction including recognizing binary oppositions in text and reversing the hierarchy. It then analyzes the poem using deconstruction, noting the binary opposition between patriotism and abandonment. Additionally, it applies new historicism by discussing how Owen's first-hand experience of gas warfare informs the work. Finally, it performs a psychoanalytic reading, citing how the traumatic memory depicted continues to haunt the narrator.
This document provides an in-depth analysis of Wilfred Owen's poem "Dulce Et Decorum Est". The poem describes a gas attack on a group of exhausted soldiers during WWI. One soldier is unable to get his gas mask on in time and suffers a horrible death that is vividly depicted. Owen uses graphic imagery and sensory details to portray the horrific reality of war and argue that dying for one's country is not noble as many claimed. The analysis examines the poem's themes, imagery, literary devices, tone, and Owen's purpose in criticizing those who romanticized war like journalist Jessie Pope.
John Keats was an English Romantic poet born in 1795 who became a licensed apothecary but decided to pursue poetry instead. In 1820 he published a volume of poems including "Ode on a Grecian Urn", considered one of his finest works. The ode addresses an urn depicting scenes that will remain forever yet convey a sense of longing and mystery through their stillness. It contemplates themes of art, beauty, transience versus permanence, and the relationship between mortal and immortal.
Troy is a 2004 historical war film directed by Wolfgang Petersen based on the epic poem "The Iliad" by Homer. It depicts the late Bronze Age clash between the kingdoms of Troy and Sparta that occurred after the Trojan prince Paris convinces Helen, queen of Sparta, to leave her husband Menelaus and sail with him to Troy. In response, Menelaus's brother Agamemnon leads a coalition of Greek armies to besiege the city of Troy and retrieve Helen. The film follows the battle struggles between the Greeks and Trojans, as well as the politics and love affairs that occurred during the legendary Trojan War. It highlights the bravery of warriors on both sides and marks the
Owen's poem "Dulce Et Decorum Est" describes the wretched conditions of soldiers during World War I. In the first stanza, the men are bent over like beggars, coughing and cursing as they struggle through deep mud, exhausted from battle. In the second stanza, a gas attack occurs and one soldier struggles to put on his mask in time, choking and drowning in front of the other men. Years later, the speaker still has nightmares of watching the dying soldier. The poem ends by critiquing the saying "It is sweet and right to die for your country" as a lie, highlighting the horrific reality of war that is far from glorious patriotic tales.
GREEK LITERATURE: The Story of Prometheus and IoJunnie Salud
Prometheus was a Titan known as "Man's bestfriend" and "The Wisest Titan" who helped humanity. Zeus seduced Io, a priestess of Hera, and turned her into a heifer to avoid detection. Prometheus' gifts to humanity of fire and wisdom helped civilize people, though this rebelled against Zeus' authority.
The document discusses several poems by Emily Dickinson that deal with the theme of death. It analyzes how Dickinson portrayed death through unique symbolism and imagery, often rejecting Puritan traditions. While the poem "Because I could not stop for Death" depicts a gentle ride to the grave, others like "I heard a Fly Buzz" portray death more anxiously or the indifference of nature. The document examines interpretations of Dickinson's death poems from various scholars to understand her unconventional perspectives on mortality.
Wilfred Owen's poem "Dulce et Decorum est" describes a gas attack on British soldiers during World War I. The poem depicts soldiers stumbling through mud, exhausted from marching. They hastily put on gas masks when gas is detected, but one soldier is too slow and suffers terribly as he drowns on land from the effects of the gas. The speaker has recurring nightmares of this event and challenges the idea that it is noble to die for one's country. The poem uses graphic imagery and addresses those who propagate pro-war propaganda to shock readers and undermine patriotic views of war.
This document provides an in-depth analysis of Wilfred Owen's poem "Dulce Et Decorum Est". The poem describes a gas attack on a group of exhausted soldiers during WWI. One soldier is unable to get his gas mask on in time and suffers a horrible death that is vividly depicted. Owen uses graphic imagery and sensory details to portray the horrific reality of war and argue that dying for one's country is not noble as many claimed. The analysis examines the poem's themes, imagery, literary devices, tone, and Owen's purpose in criticizing those who romanticized war like journalist Jessie Pope.
John Keats was an English Romantic poet born in 1795 who became a licensed apothecary but decided to pursue poetry instead. In 1820 he published a volume of poems including "Ode on a Grecian Urn", considered one of his finest works. The ode addresses an urn depicting scenes that will remain forever yet convey a sense of longing and mystery through their stillness. It contemplates themes of art, beauty, transience versus permanence, and the relationship between mortal and immortal.
Troy is a 2004 historical war film directed by Wolfgang Petersen based on the epic poem "The Iliad" by Homer. It depicts the late Bronze Age clash between the kingdoms of Troy and Sparta that occurred after the Trojan prince Paris convinces Helen, queen of Sparta, to leave her husband Menelaus and sail with him to Troy. In response, Menelaus's brother Agamemnon leads a coalition of Greek armies to besiege the city of Troy and retrieve Helen. The film follows the battle struggles between the Greeks and Trojans, as well as the politics and love affairs that occurred during the legendary Trojan War. It highlights the bravery of warriors on both sides and marks the
Owen's poem "Dulce Et Decorum Est" describes the wretched conditions of soldiers during World War I. In the first stanza, the men are bent over like beggars, coughing and cursing as they struggle through deep mud, exhausted from battle. In the second stanza, a gas attack occurs and one soldier struggles to put on his mask in time, choking and drowning in front of the other men. Years later, the speaker still has nightmares of watching the dying soldier. The poem ends by critiquing the saying "It is sweet and right to die for your country" as a lie, highlighting the horrific reality of war that is far from glorious patriotic tales.
GREEK LITERATURE: The Story of Prometheus and IoJunnie Salud
Prometheus was a Titan known as "Man's bestfriend" and "The Wisest Titan" who helped humanity. Zeus seduced Io, a priestess of Hera, and turned her into a heifer to avoid detection. Prometheus' gifts to humanity of fire and wisdom helped civilize people, though this rebelled against Zeus' authority.
The document discusses several poems by Emily Dickinson that deal with the theme of death. It analyzes how Dickinson portrayed death through unique symbolism and imagery, often rejecting Puritan traditions. While the poem "Because I could not stop for Death" depicts a gentle ride to the grave, others like "I heard a Fly Buzz" portray death more anxiously or the indifference of nature. The document examines interpretations of Dickinson's death poems from various scholars to understand her unconventional perspectives on mortality.
Wilfred Owen's poem "Dulce et Decorum est" describes a gas attack on British soldiers during World War I. The poem depicts soldiers stumbling through mud, exhausted from marching. They hastily put on gas masks when gas is detected, but one soldier is too slow and suffers terribly as he drowns on land from the effects of the gas. The speaker has recurring nightmares of this event and challenges the idea that it is noble to die for one's country. The poem uses graphic imagery and addresses those who propagate pro-war propaganda to shock readers and undermine patriotic views of war.
Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening-Robert FrostGobindo Dev
- "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" is a poem written by Robert Frost in 1922 that was published in his collection New Hampshire. It is written from the perspective of a traveler who has stopped in the woods to watch the snow fill in, even though he has promises to keep and miles to go before sleeping.
- The poem explores the themes of isolation vs. social obligations through the traveler's desire to stay in the peaceful woods contrasted with his responsibility to continue on his journey. It uses imagery of the quiet snowy woods and personification of the traveler's horse to depict the scene.
- Composed of four quatrains in an AABA rubaiyat rhyme scheme
The Iliad recounts part of the Trojan War, specifically focusing on the quarrel between Achilles and Agamemnon that occurred near the end of the ten-year siege. It describes the origins of the war, which began when Paris abducted Helen from her husband Menelaus. This led Menelaus and his brother Agamemnon to lead a Greek coalition against Troy. The epic focuses on the aftermath of this abduction and the battle between the Greeks and Trojans.
This document defines the key characteristics of epics and tragedies. It states that an epic is a long narrative poem about serious subjects centered on a heroic figure, while a tragedy is a dramatic work that depicts a tragic event with an unhappy ending. It provides examples of traditional and literary epics, then describes the typical features of epics including heroic protagonists, widespread settings, supernatural elements, and formal storytelling. The document also outlines Aristotle's definition of tragedy before discussing different types such as medieval, Senecan, revenge, and domestic tragedies.
The document provides an overview of Dante Alighieri's epic poem Divine Comedy. It discusses the poem's structure, which is divided into three sections - Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso - representing Hell, Purgatory, and Heaven. It also summarizes the content of each section, with Inferno depicting Dante's journey through the nine circles of Hell, guided by the Roman poet Virgil. The circles are organized by the types of sins punished in each, such as lust, gluttony, heresy, and violence.
The document provides background information on Beowulf, an Old English epic poem. It discusses the poem's unknown date of composition, its portrayal of Scandinavian tribes like the Geats and Danes, and its blending of pagan and Christian elements. It also provides context on Anglo-Saxon culture, the oral tradition of storytelling at the time, and analyses Beowulf as an epic centered around a heroic protagonist who embodies Anglo-Saxon ideals.
This document summarizes a presentation on Alfred Lord Tennyson's poem "Ulysses." The presentation provides background information on Ulysses, the Greek mythical character, and the origins of Tennyson's poem. It then explains and analyzes the poem, discussing figurative language. The presentation is delivered by Sharifa Bahri to 7th level students for their Poetry course. It covers topics such as the character of Ulysses, the origins of the poem in works by Homer and Dante, an explanation of the poem's themes and narrative voice, and an analysis of its metaphorical language.
The poem describes a traveler telling the narrator about ruined statue found in the desert. The statue consists of two large stone legs and a shattered head, with a still visible frown and sneer. An inscription on the pedestal introduces the statue as King Ozymandias, saying "Look on my works, ye Mighty, and despair." However, nothing remains of the king's works besides the decaying statue, as the lone and level sands stretch far away. The poem serves as a commentary on the impermanence of power and the inevitability that all earthly works will fade over time.
The Pardoner's Tale is about a group of young Flemish people who go drinking together. They hear about a friend who was killed by Death, so in their drunkenness they decide to find and kill Death for revenge. An old man directs them to a grove where they find a stash of gold instead of Death. Greed and distrust take over as each plots to kill the others for a greater share of the gold. They draw lots to send one for supplies, and he buys poison to use on the others. But when he returns, the others have turned on each other as well, and all three die next to the gold they coveted.
Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels is considered one of the most important works of English literature. The document provides background on Swift and discusses some of the major themes and events in Gulliver's Travels, including Gulliver encountering the Yahoo and Houyhnhnm societies and developing a growing disgust for humanity. It also summarizes some of the key events in Part 4, such as Gulliver being asked to leave Houyhnhnmland and returning home, where he sees people as Yahoos.
Chaucer satirizes many of the characters in the Canterbury Tales, including religious figures like the Monk and Friar who ignore their vows of poverty to live lavishly. The Prioress, though trying to appear refined, speaks poor French and owns hunting dogs, which is improper. The Pardoner is also satirized for his corrupt practices of selling forged indulgences. In contrast, the Parson, Plowman, and Knight are models of their roles and are not subjects of satire.
Module-3 American Poetry "O Captain! My Captain!jitugohil
The poem mourns the death of Abraham Lincoln, who was the captain and hero of the American people. The speaker uses the metaphor of a ship returning safely home after a long and difficult voyage, with everyone celebrating the victory except the speaker. Upon seeing the captain lying dead on the deck, the speaker realizes with great sadness that Lincoln has been assassinated just as the Civil War was won.
Figurative language analysis on Emily Dickinson's My Life Had Stood - a Loade...Khoirunnisa_Rakhmawati
in this presentation, I want to explain about fogurative language that are contained in Emily Dickinson's poem - My Life Had Stood - a Loaded Gun -
I hope that this presentation will be useful for those who are interested. Thank You.
The poem explores the difficulty of accurately labeling or describing someone during times of conflict and political tension. Over the course of nine stanzas, the narrator tries out various terms like "terrorist", "freedom fighter", and "militant" to describe a young man waiting outside, but realizes that language is imperfect and can influence perceptions in a threatening way. The poem suggests that prejudices and fear prevent understanding until the narrator sees the person is just a child, at which point an invitation of acceptance is extended.
literary devices used in Stopping by woods on a snowy eveningAmer Minhas
The document provides a detailed literary analysis of the poem "Stopping By Woods on a Snowy Evening" by Robert Frost. It examines the poem's symbolism, themes, structure, literary devices, and explores meanings behind certain lines. Key points include that the poem may symbolize an elderly narrator looking back on his life and obligations as he nears the end, and the horse may symbolize someone guiding him through life. Imagery, personification, rhyme schemes and connotative/denotative word meanings are also analyzed.
Utilitarianism in Hard Times
Charles Dickens' 1854 novel Hard Times surveys English society and satirizes the social conditions of the Victorian era, including the philosophy of Utilitarianism. Utilitarianism holds that actions should be judged by their ability to maximize happiness for the greatest number of people. Dickens criticizes how this was applied in education, which focused only on facts and logic, and in industry, where children worked long hours under poor conditions to maximize profits for factory owners despite risks to their well-being. Through characters like Thomas Gradgrind and Josiah Bounderby, Dickens shows how Utilitarianism failed to benefit all of society and instead sacrificed the happiness of
The document summarizes Alexander Pope's poem "The Rape of the Lock" in 3 sentences:
The poem satirizes a real incident where a Lord cuts a lock of hair from a woman named Belinda's head without her permission. It is written as a mock epic in five cantos using rhymed iambic pentameter and deals with the vanities of humankind in a trivial situation. The summary outlines the plot, which involves Belinda getting ready for a card game, a fight over the stolen lock breaking out, and the lock ultimately becoming a star or constellation.
The story follows Mrs. Mallard after she learns of her husband Brently's death in a railroad accident. She initially grieves but then feels freed by his death, seeing it as an opportunity to live for herself without being constrained by her marital obligations. When she rejoins her friend Josephine, her husband Brently unexpectedly appears, having been mistakenly declared dead. Upon seeing him, Mrs. Mallard shrieks and dies of heart failure, unable to accept the loss of her newly gained freedom.
Jane Austen's 1816 novel Emma follows the exploits of Emma Woodhouse, a wealthy young woman in Regency-era England who enjoys matchmaking her friends. Though intelligent and clever, Emma is also arrogant and misjudges many relationships in her village of Highbury. She aims to find a match for her new friend Harriet Smith but makes many mistakes in her assumptions. The only one who consistently corrects and guides Emma is George Knightley. By the end of the novel, Emma matures and gains a more modest view of herself and her abilities.
The play 'Arms and the Man' begins in the bedroom of Raina Petkoff in a Bulgarian town in 1885.it was the time of Serbo-Bulgarian War. As the play opens, Catherine Petkoff and her daughter, Raina, have just heard that the Bulgarians have scored a tremendous victory in a cavalry charge led by Raina's fiancé, Major Sergius Saranoff, who is in the same regiment as Raina's father, Major Paul Petkoff. Raina is so impressed with the noble deeds of her fiancé that she fears that she might never be able to live up to his nobility..-----------
The document provides background information on Dante Alighieri and an overview of the structure and content of his epic poem Divine Comedy. It describes the poem's three sections - Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso - and how Inferno is structured into 9 circles of Hell containing sinners who are punished for different sins. It summarizes several Cantos from Inferno, describing the circles and the people or monsters encountered in each circle.
1) The document describes the evolution of an English for Specific Purposes (ESP) program for first-year medical students at King Faisal University in Saudi Arabia from 1975-1977. It aimed to develop students' English communication skills to support their medical studies.
2) Initial conditions found students' English abilities were very low. The first year focused on remedial English, while the second year introduced a new three-stage ESP curriculum integrating English and medical content.
3) The ESP curriculum was directly influenced by students' needs and the progression of their basic science courses. It emphasized target skills and comprised a mix of ESP and general English components tailored to students' language levels and integrated with their medical faculty's
- The document describes an intensive 7-week English course for overseas graduate students attending Manchester University with insufficient English abilities.
- It focused on developing skills in listening comprehension, note-taking, and academic writing through practice exercises and model texts.
- Key challenges identified included students having difficulty understanding spoken English, taking accurate and complete notes during lectures, and producing written work in an appropriate academic style and register for their studies.
Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening-Robert FrostGobindo Dev
- "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" is a poem written by Robert Frost in 1922 that was published in his collection New Hampshire. It is written from the perspective of a traveler who has stopped in the woods to watch the snow fill in, even though he has promises to keep and miles to go before sleeping.
- The poem explores the themes of isolation vs. social obligations through the traveler's desire to stay in the peaceful woods contrasted with his responsibility to continue on his journey. It uses imagery of the quiet snowy woods and personification of the traveler's horse to depict the scene.
- Composed of four quatrains in an AABA rubaiyat rhyme scheme
The Iliad recounts part of the Trojan War, specifically focusing on the quarrel between Achilles and Agamemnon that occurred near the end of the ten-year siege. It describes the origins of the war, which began when Paris abducted Helen from her husband Menelaus. This led Menelaus and his brother Agamemnon to lead a Greek coalition against Troy. The epic focuses on the aftermath of this abduction and the battle between the Greeks and Trojans.
This document defines the key characteristics of epics and tragedies. It states that an epic is a long narrative poem about serious subjects centered on a heroic figure, while a tragedy is a dramatic work that depicts a tragic event with an unhappy ending. It provides examples of traditional and literary epics, then describes the typical features of epics including heroic protagonists, widespread settings, supernatural elements, and formal storytelling. The document also outlines Aristotle's definition of tragedy before discussing different types such as medieval, Senecan, revenge, and domestic tragedies.
The document provides an overview of Dante Alighieri's epic poem Divine Comedy. It discusses the poem's structure, which is divided into three sections - Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso - representing Hell, Purgatory, and Heaven. It also summarizes the content of each section, with Inferno depicting Dante's journey through the nine circles of Hell, guided by the Roman poet Virgil. The circles are organized by the types of sins punished in each, such as lust, gluttony, heresy, and violence.
The document provides background information on Beowulf, an Old English epic poem. It discusses the poem's unknown date of composition, its portrayal of Scandinavian tribes like the Geats and Danes, and its blending of pagan and Christian elements. It also provides context on Anglo-Saxon culture, the oral tradition of storytelling at the time, and analyses Beowulf as an epic centered around a heroic protagonist who embodies Anglo-Saxon ideals.
This document summarizes a presentation on Alfred Lord Tennyson's poem "Ulysses." The presentation provides background information on Ulysses, the Greek mythical character, and the origins of Tennyson's poem. It then explains and analyzes the poem, discussing figurative language. The presentation is delivered by Sharifa Bahri to 7th level students for their Poetry course. It covers topics such as the character of Ulysses, the origins of the poem in works by Homer and Dante, an explanation of the poem's themes and narrative voice, and an analysis of its metaphorical language.
The poem describes a traveler telling the narrator about ruined statue found in the desert. The statue consists of two large stone legs and a shattered head, with a still visible frown and sneer. An inscription on the pedestal introduces the statue as King Ozymandias, saying "Look on my works, ye Mighty, and despair." However, nothing remains of the king's works besides the decaying statue, as the lone and level sands stretch far away. The poem serves as a commentary on the impermanence of power and the inevitability that all earthly works will fade over time.
The Pardoner's Tale is about a group of young Flemish people who go drinking together. They hear about a friend who was killed by Death, so in their drunkenness they decide to find and kill Death for revenge. An old man directs them to a grove where they find a stash of gold instead of Death. Greed and distrust take over as each plots to kill the others for a greater share of the gold. They draw lots to send one for supplies, and he buys poison to use on the others. But when he returns, the others have turned on each other as well, and all three die next to the gold they coveted.
Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels is considered one of the most important works of English literature. The document provides background on Swift and discusses some of the major themes and events in Gulliver's Travels, including Gulliver encountering the Yahoo and Houyhnhnm societies and developing a growing disgust for humanity. It also summarizes some of the key events in Part 4, such as Gulliver being asked to leave Houyhnhnmland and returning home, where he sees people as Yahoos.
Chaucer satirizes many of the characters in the Canterbury Tales, including religious figures like the Monk and Friar who ignore their vows of poverty to live lavishly. The Prioress, though trying to appear refined, speaks poor French and owns hunting dogs, which is improper. The Pardoner is also satirized for his corrupt practices of selling forged indulgences. In contrast, the Parson, Plowman, and Knight are models of their roles and are not subjects of satire.
Module-3 American Poetry "O Captain! My Captain!jitugohil
The poem mourns the death of Abraham Lincoln, who was the captain and hero of the American people. The speaker uses the metaphor of a ship returning safely home after a long and difficult voyage, with everyone celebrating the victory except the speaker. Upon seeing the captain lying dead on the deck, the speaker realizes with great sadness that Lincoln has been assassinated just as the Civil War was won.
Figurative language analysis on Emily Dickinson's My Life Had Stood - a Loade...Khoirunnisa_Rakhmawati
in this presentation, I want to explain about fogurative language that are contained in Emily Dickinson's poem - My Life Had Stood - a Loaded Gun -
I hope that this presentation will be useful for those who are interested. Thank You.
The poem explores the difficulty of accurately labeling or describing someone during times of conflict and political tension. Over the course of nine stanzas, the narrator tries out various terms like "terrorist", "freedom fighter", and "militant" to describe a young man waiting outside, but realizes that language is imperfect and can influence perceptions in a threatening way. The poem suggests that prejudices and fear prevent understanding until the narrator sees the person is just a child, at which point an invitation of acceptance is extended.
literary devices used in Stopping by woods on a snowy eveningAmer Minhas
The document provides a detailed literary analysis of the poem "Stopping By Woods on a Snowy Evening" by Robert Frost. It examines the poem's symbolism, themes, structure, literary devices, and explores meanings behind certain lines. Key points include that the poem may symbolize an elderly narrator looking back on his life and obligations as he nears the end, and the horse may symbolize someone guiding him through life. Imagery, personification, rhyme schemes and connotative/denotative word meanings are also analyzed.
Utilitarianism in Hard Times
Charles Dickens' 1854 novel Hard Times surveys English society and satirizes the social conditions of the Victorian era, including the philosophy of Utilitarianism. Utilitarianism holds that actions should be judged by their ability to maximize happiness for the greatest number of people. Dickens criticizes how this was applied in education, which focused only on facts and logic, and in industry, where children worked long hours under poor conditions to maximize profits for factory owners despite risks to their well-being. Through characters like Thomas Gradgrind and Josiah Bounderby, Dickens shows how Utilitarianism failed to benefit all of society and instead sacrificed the happiness of
The document summarizes Alexander Pope's poem "The Rape of the Lock" in 3 sentences:
The poem satirizes a real incident where a Lord cuts a lock of hair from a woman named Belinda's head without her permission. It is written as a mock epic in five cantos using rhymed iambic pentameter and deals with the vanities of humankind in a trivial situation. The summary outlines the plot, which involves Belinda getting ready for a card game, a fight over the stolen lock breaking out, and the lock ultimately becoming a star or constellation.
The story follows Mrs. Mallard after she learns of her husband Brently's death in a railroad accident. She initially grieves but then feels freed by his death, seeing it as an opportunity to live for herself without being constrained by her marital obligations. When she rejoins her friend Josephine, her husband Brently unexpectedly appears, having been mistakenly declared dead. Upon seeing him, Mrs. Mallard shrieks and dies of heart failure, unable to accept the loss of her newly gained freedom.
Jane Austen's 1816 novel Emma follows the exploits of Emma Woodhouse, a wealthy young woman in Regency-era England who enjoys matchmaking her friends. Though intelligent and clever, Emma is also arrogant and misjudges many relationships in her village of Highbury. She aims to find a match for her new friend Harriet Smith but makes many mistakes in her assumptions. The only one who consistently corrects and guides Emma is George Knightley. By the end of the novel, Emma matures and gains a more modest view of herself and her abilities.
The play 'Arms and the Man' begins in the bedroom of Raina Petkoff in a Bulgarian town in 1885.it was the time of Serbo-Bulgarian War. As the play opens, Catherine Petkoff and her daughter, Raina, have just heard that the Bulgarians have scored a tremendous victory in a cavalry charge led by Raina's fiancé, Major Sergius Saranoff, who is in the same regiment as Raina's father, Major Paul Petkoff. Raina is so impressed with the noble deeds of her fiancé that she fears that she might never be able to live up to his nobility..-----------
The document provides background information on Dante Alighieri and an overview of the structure and content of his epic poem Divine Comedy. It describes the poem's three sections - Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso - and how Inferno is structured into 9 circles of Hell containing sinners who are punished for different sins. It summarizes several Cantos from Inferno, describing the circles and the people or monsters encountered in each circle.
1) The document describes the evolution of an English for Specific Purposes (ESP) program for first-year medical students at King Faisal University in Saudi Arabia from 1975-1977. It aimed to develop students' English communication skills to support their medical studies.
2) Initial conditions found students' English abilities were very low. The first year focused on remedial English, while the second year introduced a new three-stage ESP curriculum integrating English and medical content.
3) The ESP curriculum was directly influenced by students' needs and the progression of their basic science courses. It emphasized target skills and comprised a mix of ESP and general English components tailored to students' language levels and integrated with their medical faculty's
- The document describes an intensive 7-week English course for overseas graduate students attending Manchester University with insufficient English abilities.
- It focused on developing skills in listening comprehension, note-taking, and academic writing through practice exercises and model texts.
- Key challenges identified included students having difficulty understanding spoken English, taking accurate and complete notes during lectures, and producing written work in an appropriate academic style and register for their studies.
The curriculum is continuously evolving to meet the needs of a modern community. It is based on the needs of both individuals and society as a whole. The curriculum is developed through democratic efforts of various stakeholders and takes long-term planning and evaluation. It provides a complex of instructional details and materials to support logical sequencing of subjects. The curriculum also complements other community programs through cooperation.
Agbay yen psychologicalfoundationofeducationflattsph
The document summarizes key aspects of psychology as it relates to curriculum development, including four major psychological perspectives:
1) Behaviorism, including the work of Pavlov on classical conditioning and Thorndike on instrumental conditioning and his laws of learning.
2) B.F. Skinner expanded on Thorndike's work through his theory of operant conditioning using positive and negative reinforcement and punishment.
3) Curriculum developers must understand principles of how students learn based on these psychological theories to design effective curricula that facilitate learning.
Agbay yen philosophicalfoundationofeducation_tabulatedflattsph
This document outlines the mission, vision, and nine philosophical foundations of education taught in the Bataan Peninsula State University Language Curriculum for the 1st semester of the College of Education. It provides the goal, key characteristics, recommended ways to achieve the goal, and prominent proponents for each philosophy: Essentialism, Perennialism, Progressivism, Constructivism, Pragmatism/Instrumentalism, Idealism, Realism, Existentialism, and Reconstructionism. The philosophical foundations presented provide different approaches to curriculum development, teaching methods, and the role of the student and teacher in the learning process.
The document discusses trends in remedial instruction. It notes that common approaches include small group tutoring, separate classrooms for low-performing students, grouping by ability, volunteer and peer tutoring, and one-on-one tutoring. The use of computer-assisted instruction is also increasing. Issues in remedial education include students struggling to master reading, writing and arithmetic skills. Studies found many primary school students had not achieved literacy and numeracy standards. Recommendations include improving infrastructure and training for remedial teachers.
This document outlines the intended learning outcomes of a course on intercultural communication. The goals are to demonstrate the relationship between language and culture, identify the different components of culture, and explain the concept of cultural relativism. It also discusses key aspects of communication such as language barriers, non-verbal communication, and ways to overcome challenges in intercultural exchanges.
Structuralism a rose for emily by william faulknerflattsph
This document summarizes Gerard Genette's narrative concepts and their application to William Faulkner's short story "A Rose for Emily." It discusses the story's use of:
- Repetitive frequency, where events are narrated multiple times
- Non-chronological order, with flashbacks and jumps between time periods
- Long narrative time spanning Emily's life, compared to short discourse time for reading
- An intra-homodiegetic first-person plural narrator who knows Emily well
- A detached, objective perspective that provides details without judgment or sympathy
Faulkner's dark, mythic portrayal of the American South in this story has influenced Southern fiction with its flawed characters and gloomy
This document provides an overview of psychoanalytic criticism as an approach to literary analysis. It discusses some key concepts in psychoanalytic theory from Sigmund Freud, including the structural model of the psyche consisting of the id, ego, and superego. Freud's psychosexual stages of development and the Oedipus complex are also summarized. The document then discusses how psychoanalytic criticism can be used to interpret literature by analyzing symbols and archetypes to understand the author's unconscious desires and motivations. Examples are provided of different types of psychoanalytic criticism including Freudian, Jungian, and Lacanian approaches. Learning outcomes focus on identifying key psychoanalytic terminology and using Freudian psychoanalytic criticism to critique texts.
Feminism babae akong namumuhay magisa by joi barriosflattsph
- Virginia Woolf laid the foundation for modern feminist criticism in her work A Room of One's Own, where she asserts that men have historically treated women as inferior and defined femininity.
- Feminist critics aim to expose and challenge this patriarchal view of female inferiority that has been ingrained in culture and literature. They argue that women must redefine representations of gender.
- Joi Barrios' poem "Babae Akong Namumuhay Mag-Isa" explores the social pressures and biases faced by single women in the Philippines. It plays with traditional gender categories by rejecting labels like "spinster" and asserting the woman's freedom and autonomy.
The document provides a detailed lesson plan for teaching about an Ilocano epic called Biag ni Lam-Ang. The objectives are for students to become familiar with places in Region 1, understand elements of an epic, and appreciate Philippine literature. The lesson involves motivating students with a puzzle activity about Region 1 places. Students then watch a digital storytelling about Biag ni Lam-Ang and discuss the epic's characters, setting, theme, and elements. The epic hero Lam-Ang goes on heroic quests to find his father, fight invaders, and prove his worthiness for marriage. The lesson defines key elements of epics like the epic hero and heroic quests. Students are engaged to discuss these elements as they apply
The Trojan War began after Paris, a Trojan prince, chose Aphrodite as the fairest goddess and was awarded Helen, the beautiful wife of King Menelaus of Sparta. When Helen was abducted by Paris, Menelaus demanded her return, leading to a conflict between the Greeks and the Trojans. Over several years of fighting, important events included conflicts between Achilles and Agamemnon, the death of Patroclus, and the duel between Achilles and Hector that ultimately led to the death of Hector and the fall of Troy.
The document discusses the speech mechanism, including the respiratory system, larynx, articulators like the lips, teeth, tongue, and palate that are involved in breathing, phonation, resonation, and articulation in order to produce speech. It also covers voiced and voiceless sounds, and describes an activity where students will learn to identify parts of the speech mechanism and discuss how to promote and protect speech health.
This document outlines learning objectives and rules for using pronouns and identifying their antecedents. The objectives are for students to be able to determine different pronouns and their antecedents, understand rules governing pronoun agreements, and construct sentences using various pronouns. The document then lists and explains six rules for pronoun agreements related to number, gender, indefinite pronouns, compound antecedents, collective nouns, and named organizations. It concludes with an assignment asking students to retell a myth in 100-200 words using at least 10 pronouns and identifying antecedents and pronouns.
This document discusses expansion teaching strategies on syntax. It outlines the objectives of being able to construct and expand sentences using immediate constituent analysis and syntactic categories and rules. It defines immediate constituent analysis and its importance in representing the linear order of words, syntactic categories, and hierarchical structure of phrases and sentences. It also defines syntactic categories including phrasal categories like NP and VP, and lexical and functional categories. It provides examples of phrase structure trees and syntactic rules for sentence construction.
The story follows Mini, a young girl, and her friendship with Rahman, a fruit seller from Kabul known as a Cabuliwallah. Mini enjoys talking to Rahman during his visits to sell fruits. However, he is later imprisoned for stabbing a man who did not pay him. Years later, after his release, Rahman visits Mini again but finds that she has grown up and is about to be married. Though their circumstances have changed, the story shows that bonds of friendship can overcome differences in background.
1) The author analyzes Leona Josefa Florentino's life story and poem "Nalpay a Namnama" using a biographical approach to understand what inspired her writing.
2) Florentino's own experiences of being exiled by her husband and son for her feminist views and advocacy for women's rights likely inspired her poem.
3) The poem expresses her desires to be loved and her feeling of having her hopes destroyed after facing lack of support even from her family as well as exile from her loved ones.
This chapter summary provides background on the main characters introduced in Chapter 1 of the novel "A Child of Sorrow" by Zoilo Galang. Lucio Soliman, the protagonist, travels with his friend Camilo to spend their vacation in Merry Town. There they meet Rosa Garcia, the beautiful daughter of Felipa-On, and Lucio's poetic spirit is aroused. The chapter also mentions other characters like Governor Don Pancho Ismael and Juan dela Cruz who will likely play roles in the story.
Useful Reading Techniques and Reading for Study and Understandingflattsph
The document discusses teaching reading and writing techniques at Bataan Peninsula State University. It aims to help students understand useful reading techniques, acquire knowledge about reading for study and understanding, and find pleasure in reading through effective strategies. Students are instructed to watch a video on different methods for study reading, take notes, and explain the methods in their own words. Assessments include enumerating and describing ten useful reading techniques and analyzing a reading material using the techniques.
The document outlines a lesson on business communication and technology. It discusses intended learning outcomes of understanding business communication, technology, and ethics. It also aims to distinguish different types of business communication and technological tools. The lesson contains objectives, instructions, examples, questions, and a multiple choice assessment to evaluate students' understanding.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
Literary criticism dulce et decorum est by wilfred owen
1. First Semester
2017
Agbay, Noralyn G. December, 2017
Page 1 of 5
Deconstructive Criticism in association with Structuralism, New Historicism & Psychoanalytic
Criticism of Dulce et Decorum Est by Wilfred Owen
Overview
According to Bressler, under deconstruction, a text has an almost infinite number of
interpretation. That is why instead of providing answer about the meaning of the text or presenting
methodologies on how to discover text meaning, deconstruction asks new set of questions endeavoring
‘what a text claims, it says’ ‘what a text actually says are discernibly different’.
Under binary opposition, one center of unity automatically means that another is decentered. The
methodologies that Bressler posited in the book are as follow:
First, in deconstructive reading, it is to recognize the existence and operation of the binary
opposition in our thinking as readers. Second, upon recognition and acknowledging the binary
opposition, we can now proceed to reversing its elements. Then when the hierarchy is reversed, we can
now examine the values and beliefs that give rise to both the original hierarchy and the newly created one.
Such examination reveals how the meaning of the term arise from the differences between them. Simply
it suggests that text has multiple meaning. So, re-reading and re-interpretation are suggested making the
ultimate meaning of the text undecidable.
More so, Deconstructor seek to override their own logocentric and inherited ways of viewing the
text. Thus, find the binary opposition, then reverse it because this limits us and leading us to stick to what
we believe.
Dulce et Decorum Est
BY WILFRED OWEN
1- Bent double, like old beggars under sacks,
2 - Knock-kneed, coughing like hags, we cursed
through sludge,
3 - Till on the haunting flares we turned our
backs,
4 - And towards our distant rest began to trudge.
5 - Men marched asleep. Many had lost their
boots,
6 - But limped on, blood-shod. All went lame;
all blind;
7 - Drunk with fatigue; deaf even to the hoots
8 - Of gas-shells dropping softly behind.
9 - Gas! GAS! Quick, boys!—An ecstasy of
fumbling
10 - Fitting the clumsy helmets just in time,
11 - But someone still was yelling out and
stumbling
12 - And flound’ring like a man in fire or
lime.—
13 - Dim through the misty panes and thick
green light,
14 - As under a green sea, I saw him drowning.
2. First Semester
2017
Agbay, Noralyn G. December, 2017
Page 2 of 5
Deconstructive Criticism in association with Structuralism, New Historicism & Psychoanalytic
Criticism of Dulce et Decorum Est by Wilfred Owen
15 - In all my dreams before my helpless sight,
16 - He plunges at me, guttering, choking,
drowning.
17 - If in some smothering dreams, you too
could pace
18 - Behind the wagon that we flung him in,
19 - And watch the white eyes writhing in his
face,
20 - His hanging face, like a devil’s sick of sin;
21 - If you could hear, at every jolt, the blood
22 - Come gargling from the froth-corrupted
lungs,
23 - Obscene as cancer, bitter as the cud
24 - Of vile, incurable sores on innocent
tongues,—
25 - My friend, you would not tell with such
high zest
26 - To children ardent for some desperate glory,
27 - The old Lie: Dulce et decorum est
28 - Pro patria mori
Deconstruction. Contrasting theme: Patriotism and Abandonment.
Dulce et Decorum Est presents a scene from soldiers who were sent to war with a strong
nationalist idea, but had to face with the horrible reality. In the poem, a moment of war in which a group
of soldiers are included is staged. The poem consists of three stages, each dealing with a different
experience. It opens with the lines depicting the reality of war: “Bent double, like old beggars under
sacks, Knock-kneed, coughing like hags, we cursed through sludge, Till on the haunting flares we turned
our backs And towards our distant rest began to trudge line 1-4”. In the first stanza, fallen from power
and become depressed state of mind, the conditions of soldiers unite with the symbols of senility and
deficiency, thus depicture unavoidable pain and they suffer from the symptoms of shell shock. “Bent
double like old beggars” and “coughing like hags”, these soldiers are bodily deformed and walking to a
space where they can take rest without thinking of any ideal of heroism.
This is the turning point that acridly changes the line of the poem: “9 - Gas! GAS! Quick, boys!
An ecstasy of fumbling 10 - Fitting the clumsy helmets just in time, 11 - But someone still was yelling out
and stumbling 12 - And flound’ring like a man in fire or lime.— 13 - Dim through the misty panes and
thick green light, 14 - As under a green sea, I saw him drowning.” Starting stanza with first in
lower case and then in capitals, Owen alarms both the soldiers and readers against gas attack. Shocked
and desperate, this soldier is on the fine line between life and death. Leading this patriotic soldier at the
beginning to their atrocious death in which their patriotism somehow abandoned them to death. Their
patriotism was compromised between life and death situation.
3. First Semester
2017
Agbay, Noralyn G. December, 2017
Page 3 of 5
Deconstructive Criticism in association with Structuralism, New Historicism & Psychoanalytic
Criticism of Dulce et Decorum Est by Wilfred Owen
In the last stanza, we see that, unable to stop his suffering, soldiers put their comrade into a
wagon and the poem becomes a challenging question posed to the reader. Rendered with the voices of
violence and death, this dreamlike scene, which is between reality and fantasy, will never pester the
narrative voice and turn into nightmare with surrounding his dreams.
Thus, he harasses them and creates an awakening poem. Ending the poem with justified anger at
“The old Lie line 27” of patriotism that led him and other young men to battle where they will be
abandoned and die shows that Owen's personal struggle is far from over”
Binary oppositions in the poem:
8 - Of gas-shells dropping softly behind.
9 - Gas! GAS! Quick, boys!—An ecstasy of fumbling
New Historicism. Wilfred Owen had considerable first-hand experience of the horrors of gas
warfare during World War I, and his poem “Dulce et Decorum Est” is an attempt to depict the
helplessness of men caught in a gas attack. Writing in four irregular verse paragraphs, Owen describes the
general condition of men involved in the war, sketches briefly the shock of a gas attack, then dwells on
the aftermath of this tragic event on someone who lives through it. He opens the poem with a description
of a group of demoralized soldiers retreating from the front lines of the battlefield. The men are clearly
fatigued “Men marched asleep, line 5” the narrator observes, so worn down that they are “deaf even to
the hoots/ Of gas-shells dropping softly behind. lines 78”. Then, suddenly, someone shouts “Gas! GAS!”
line 9”, and the men go into an “ecstasy of fumbling” line 9 to put on masks before the deadly poison can
take their lives. All but one is successful; the narrator looks out from behind the glass of his protective
mask into the “green sea” line 14 that the gas has created around him and his comrades, watching
helplessly as one of his fellow soldiers dies in agony.
Thus, since the author had first-hand experienced the events being portrayed in the poem, we can
further critique this poem using New Historicism which somehow gives us understanding of the history
through literature
Psychoanalytic. The image of that dying soldier is one that can never leave the narrator. As
readers learn in the two lines set off from the rest of the text, the sight of that dying comrade haunts the
narrator’s dreams, as the soldier “plunges at me, guttering, choking, drowning. line 16”.
softly vs quick; gentle vs fast.
4. First Semester
2017
Agbay, Noralyn G. December, 2017
Page 4 of 5
Deconstructive Criticism in association with Structuralism, New Historicism & Psychoanalytic
Criticism of Dulce et Decorum Est by Wilfred Owen
That memory prompts the narrator to offer in the final verse paragraph some bitter advice to
readers about the nature of warfare and the outcome of blind patriotism. In the last twelve lines of the
poem, Owen describes his experience of walking behind the wagon in which the dead man has been
placed, seeing the corpse frozen in the twisted agony of its death throes. That sight, he says, would
prevent any man from adopting glibly the notion that dying for one’s country is somehow noble.
Thus, the feelings or emotions the author felt and stored in his subconscious mind during his
experience of the war undeniably manifested in the poem. “19 - And watch the white eyes writhing in his
face, 20 - His hanging face, like a devil’s sick of sin; 21 - If you could hear, at every jolt, the blood.”. This
traumatic neurosis and shell shock were the keys in the literature of The First World War. Throughout the
history of humanity, war has always affected the political, philosophical and literary representation of the
ethos, because the experience of violence puts tremendous pressure on nations, persons, ideas, and
language.
Structuralism. Phonetically looking at the poem: The opening lines, through their alliterative and
visual force, situate the bodies in our field of perception: bent-double, knock-kneed, the soldiers continue
to limp with their bloodied feet as iambs and trochees straggle within the pentameter in order to keep up
with the somnambulist rhythm of the march. Underneath 'blood-shod', one can hear the pararhyme
'bloodshed'.
'Double', coupled with 'old', also anticipates one of the most powerful uses of 'd' to be found
anywhere in English poetry: the consonant not only weaves itself into the end-rhymes and the key images
('drunk', 'deaf', 'drown', 'dreams') but its accretive intensity is central to the denunciatory polysyllabic
force of 'The old Lie: Dulce et decorum est'.
Sound plays a particularly important role in a poem that climaxes on a macabre contrast between
tongues: the lacerated tongue of the soldier and the grand polysyllabic sound of the Latin phrase as he
plays on the two meanings of ‘lingua’ (in Latin, it means both tongue and language). If the heavy,
monosyllabic rhymes of the first stanza (sacks/backs, sludge/trudge) are reminiscent of Sassoon’s war
realism, there is a more intimate sound pattern that his much-idealized soldier-mentor never manages to
achieve. This is the sound of vowels – the ‘e’, ‘o’ and ‘u’ sounds (knock-kneed, coughing, cursed, sludge,
our, trudge, lost, blood-shod, went, even, outstripped, dropped) – which evokes the body in pain and
culminates in the noises of the retching body in the final lines. The sounds of the similes (‘beggars’,
‘hags’) soon metamorphose into the central reality (‘gargling’) of the poem.
5. First Semester
2017
Agbay, Noralyn G. December, 2017
Page 5 of 5
Deconstructive Criticism in association with Structuralism, New Historicism & Psychoanalytic
Criticism of Dulce et Decorum Est by Wilfred Owen
Bressler, Charles E. (1994). Literary Criticism: An introduction to theory and practices. 2nd
Ed. New
Jersey: Prentice Hall, Inc.
Tyson, Lois. (2006). Critical Theory Today: A User-Friendly Guide.2nd
Ed. New York: Garland
Publishing