This document provides an overview of liposomes, which are spherical vesicles made of phospholipids that can be used to deliver drugs. It discusses the structures of liposomes, including that they are made of phospholipid molecules with hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails that form bilayer membranes. The document also covers classifications of liposomes, common preparation methods like passive and active loading, advantages like biocompatibility and ability to deliver both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs, disadvantages like high production costs, and applications such as for antifungal therapy and as liposomal vaccines.

1. LIPOSOME
FAIZABAD ROAD, BARABANKI
TOPIC
Presented To :- Mrs Anjali Singh Presented By: -Alok Verma
( B.Pharm 4th Year)

2. CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
STRUCTURES OF LIPOSOME
CLASSIFICATION
METHODS OF PREPARATION
ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES
APPLICATIONS
REFERENCES
2

3. • Liposomes are spherical shaped small vesicles .
• They can be produced from cholesterols, non toxic surfactants,
glycolipids, long chain fatty acids and even membrane proteins.
• Liposomes are the drug carrier loaded with different variety of
molecules such as small drug molecules, proteins, nucleotides and
even plasmids.
• Liposomes are made of molecules with hydrophilic head and
hydrophobic ends that form hollow spheres.
INTRODUCTION
3

4. STRUCTURES OF LIPOSOME
4

5. STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS OF
LIPOSOMES
The main components of liposomes are :
1. Phospholipids
2. Cholesterol
Phospholipids are the major structural components of biological
membranes. The most common phospholipid used in liposomal
preparation is PC.
Phospholipids
5

6. Phosphatidylcholine is an amphipatic molecule containing
-A hydrophilic polar head group, phosphocholine
-A glycerol bridge
-A pair of hydrophobic acyl hydrocarbon chains.
6
Cholesterol
• Cholesterol acts as a fluidity buffer.
• It can be incorporated into phospholipid membranes in very high
concentration up to 1:1 or even 2:1 ratios of cholesterol to phospholipids.
• Cholesterol itself does not form a bilayer structure.

7. CLASSIFICATION OF LIPOSOME
7
,

8. METHODS OF PREPARATION
LIPOSOME PASSIVE LOADING
TECHNIQUE
ACTIVE LOADING
TECHNIQUE
8
Loading of the entrapped agent
before/during the manufacture
procedure.
Certain types of compounds with
ionisable those with the both
manufacturing procedure lipid and
water solubility can be introduced
into the liposome after the intact
vesicle.

9. 9
ACTIVE LOADING
PASSIVE LOADING

10. • Liposomes are biocompatible, completely biodegradable & non-toxic.
• Liposomes supply both a lipophilic environment and aqueous in one
system and are therefore suitable for delivery of hydrophobic,
amphipathic, and hydrophilic drugs and agents.
• Liposomes have ability to protect their encapsulated drug from the
external environment.
• Liposomes are increased efficacy and therapeutic index of drug
(Amphotericin B).
10
ADVANTAGES

11. • Production cost is high.
• Leakage and fusion of encapsulated drug.
• Sometimes phospholipid undergoes oxidation and hydrolysis like
reaction.
• Short half-life.
• Low solubility.
11
DISADVANTAGES

12. • Liposomes can target a drug to the intended site of action in the body
(site-specific delivery).
• Reduction in the toxic effect and enhancement of the effectiveness of
drugs.
• Liposome as a tumour therapy.
• They are used in antifungal and antiviral therapy
• They are used in immunology.
• Liposomal Vaccine
12
APPLICATIONS

13. • Tripathi DK and Alexander Amit ; A Text Book of “NOVEL DRUG
DELIVERY SYSTEM” , Third Edition 2019 , Published by BSP Book
Private Limited .
• D.M. Bramhankar & Sunil B. Jaiswal Biopharmaceutics &
Pharmacokinetics (First edition 2005) pg. no- 360-361.
• Vyas S.P. & Khar R.K. , “Targeted & Controlled Drug Delivery” CBS
Publication 2008 , Page No – 173.
13
REFERENCES

14. 14
THANK YOU !