This document summarizes a seminar on liposomes. Liposomes are spherical vesicles made of phospholipid bilayers that can encapsulate aqueous solutions. They were first produced in 1961 and range in size from 20nm to micrometers. The basic liposome structure is a bilayer membrane made of phospholipids with hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails. Liposomes differ from micelles which have a single phospholipid layer. Liposomes are used for drug delivery to provide controlled release and enhance solubility, as well as in cosmetics, dermatology and cancer therapy applications.

1. SEMINAR ON LIPOSOME
Presented by:
Talpe Shubham Maruti
M.Pharm sem-1
(Pharmaceutics)
Subject:-Advanced Pharmaceutics
AMRUTVAHINI SHETI AND SHIKSHAN VIKAS SANSTHA’S
AMRUTVAHINI COLLEGE OF PHARMACY,
SANGAMNER 422 608

2. CONTENT
• INTRODUCTION
• BASIC STRUCTURE
• DIFFERENCE BETEEN MICELLE AND
LIPOSOME
• STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS
• FORMATION OF A LIPOSOME
• TYPES OF LIPOSOMES
• APPLICATIONS

3. INTRODUCTION
• The name liposome is derived from two Greek
words: 'Lipos' meaning fat and 'Soma' meaning
body.
• Liposomes were first produced in England in
1961 by Alec D. Bangham, who was studying
phospholipids and blood clotting.
• Liposomes are concentric bilayered vesicles in
which an aqueous core is entirely enclosed by a
membranous lipid bilayer mainly composed of
natural or synthetic phospholipids.

4. INTRODUCTION
• Liposomes are a tiny vesicles like a hollow
sphere.
• Its size ranges from 20nm to several
micrometers.

6. BASIC STRUTURE
• It has a bilayer membrane.
• Membranes are usually made
of phospholipids , which are
molecules that have a head
group and a tail group.
• The head is attracted to water,
and the tail, which is made of a
long hydrocarbon chain, is
repelled by water.

7. DIFFERENCE BETEEN MICELLE
AND LIPOSOME
MICELE
• Micelle is composed of a
monolayer of amphipathic
molecules (phospholipids).
• They are smaller in size than
liposomes . Their size varies
from 2-20nm.
LIPOSOME
• Liposome is composed of a
bilayer of amphipathic
molecules (phospholipids).
• Depending upon their type,
they vary in their sizes.

8. STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS
• The main components of the liposomes are :
LIPOSOME
PHOSPHOLIPIDS CHOLESTROL

9. A. Phospholipids
• Phospholipids are major structural components
of biological membranes in human body, where 2
types of phospholipids exist i.e.
phosphodiglycerides & sphingolipids.
• Phospholipids in liposomes are amphipathic in
nature, i.e. , it has both hydrophobic and
hydrophilic parts.
• The head of phospholipid is hydrophilic (water
loving) whereas its tail is hydrophobic (water
fearing).

11. B. Cholesterol
• Cholesterol by itself does not form bilayer
structure.
• They are present within the phospholipids.

12. FORMATION OF A LIPOSOME
• In a cell , when the phospholipids are
dispersed in water, one layer of the heads
faces outside of the cell whereas another layer
of the heads faces inside the cell.
• The hydrocarbon tails of one layer faces the
hydrocarbon tails of another layer and
combines to form bilayer.
• This bilayer then extends in the water to form
a sheet which then curls in a liposome.

14. TYPES OF LIPOSOMES
1.UNILAMELLAR
LIPOSOME/VESICLES
• These are present in many
sizes and consists of one
bilayer.
2.MULTILAMELLAR
LIPOSOME/VESICLES
• These are larger in size upto
micrometer with two to
more bilayers.

15. TYPES OF LIPOSOMES
OLIGOLAMELLAR
LIPOSOME/VESICLES
• These are 0.1-1nm in size
and consists of 5 bilayers
TYPES OF UNILAMELLAR
• Unilamellar are of 3 types :
1. Small unilamellar vesicles
usually range from 20-100nm
in size and consists 0ne
bilayer.
2. Large unilamellar vesicles are
usually greater than 100nm in
size with one bilayer.
3. Giant unilamellar are greater
than 1000nm in size and
consists one bilayer.

17. APPLICATIONS
1. Liposomes are used in drug/protein delivery
or medicines.
• Controlled and sustained drug release in situ.
• Enchanced drug solubization.
2. In Cosmetology and dermatology.
3. In cancer therapy.