IIPMB, ABMS , Presented by Meenakshi Vihan

1. Submitted by: Meenakshi Vihan
16-PGDM-ABPM-17

2. • Indian fruit and vegetable scenario
• Indian supply chain scenario
• World perishable supply chain
• Conclusion

3. Largest producers –many F & V, milk, major spices, meat,
jute ,millets, caster oil seed, coffee, cotton etc.
India produces around 14% of world production of F&V
a) fruits 93mts (2016-17) which is 2.9% higher than 2015-16
b) vegetables(70 types) 175 mts which is 3.5% higher than
2015-16
Processing of F&V- less than 5 % only
Supply chain – inefficiency is the main bottleneck

4. Production share of major fruits and veg in world
Commodities
Vegetables
India share
%
Fruits
India
share %
Brinjal 8.3 Apple 2.4
Cabbage 5.3 Banana 32.6
Cauliflower 4.9 Litchi 0.7
Onion 10.4 Citrus Fruits 12.4
Peas 2.5 Sapota 1.8
Tomato 11.2 Grapes 3.1
Potato 28.0 Mango 22.1
Sweet Potato 0.7 Papaya 6.6
Tapioca 4.5 Pineapple 1.9
okra 3.9 Guava 3.9
others 20.5 Others 11.5
Cassava 8

5. Commodities
Vegetables
India
Ranks
Fruits
India
Ranks
Brinjal 2 Apple 10
Cabbage 2 Banana 1
Cauliflower 2 Lemon 2
Onion 2 Citrus Fruits 8
Peas 1 Orange 4
Tomato 6 Grapes 16
Potato 3 Mango 1
Sweet Potato 9 Papaya 5
Lettuce 5 Pineapple 5
Pumpkins/Gourda 2
Beans 6
Cassava 8

6. Supply chain management stages
India is becoming important food market in global
fruit and vegetable trade

7. F&V Supply chain management in India
• In spite of good production per capita
availability is low as Post Harvest Losses are
around 5-15 % valuing at as high as Rs.60,000
crores
• Low productivity due to lack of latest
technologies
• Perishable in-efficient supply chain leads to
high cost to consumer

8. Factors affecting India supply chain
management
• Availability of cold stores
• Refer transport/logistics availability
• Govt. policies
• Connectivity
• Sorting grading technology
• Handling and packaging
• Skilled labor
• Linkage and marketing channels
• Technology application in supply chain

9. Population and demographic changes
• Middle class, health and hygiene
conscious
• Nuclear families process food demand
increasing
• Concept of super market –organized
retails coming up

10. Post harvest losses and preventive measures
• Income of people, low transportation and development
technologies, improving input quality –the production is
growing
• Supply chain is weak link and thereby losses are there
• Processing is low as compare to developed countries and the
reasons are:-
poor access to technologies
Poor quality of inputs
limited tech expertise and research capacity
low production efficiency
high marketing cost

11. Benefits of efficient SCM
• Reduction of product losses in transport and storage
• Increase of sales
• Dissemination of technology, capital and knowledge among
chain partners
• Better information of product flow, markets and technologies
• Transparency of supply chain
• Tracking and tracing to the source
• Better control of product safety and quality
• Large investment and risks shared
• Productivity improvement
• High consumer satisfaction
• Increased profit
• On time delivery

12. Measures to improve the supply chain and its
effectiveness
• Demand forecasting
• APMC notified markets/market clusters
• Cooperatives, contract farming and retails chains
• Customized logistics
• Govt. support in electricity, capital subsidy and other
incentives
• Information system
• Public private partnership
• Food parks

13. Marketing of fruits and vegetables
Marketing channels
• Producers- traders- wholesaler- retailer
consumer
• Producer –trader- retailers- consumer
• Producer-trader- consumer
• Producer -consumer

14. An efficient marketing system
• Reduce post harvest losses
• Enhance farmer realization
• Reducer consumer price
• Promote grading and food safety practices
• Induce demand driven production
• Enable higher value addition
• Facilitate export

15. COLD STORAGE
• Status of cold storage and potential in India
• Storage of fruits and vegetables and storage conditions
• Cold chain investment
• Wastage of fruits and vegetables
Roles of cold storage
• Seasonal production
• Spoilage reduction
• Losses in transit
• better distribution and fair price
• Stabilizing market prices
• Maintain quality
• Wastage reduction

16. Geographical distribution of Cold storage
Sr
No
Name of
the State
Number. of
Cold storages
Percentage
(%)
Capacity
(In M.T.)
1 Uttar Pradesh 1589 29.53 10118000
2 Maharashtra 466 8.66 546748
3 West Bengal 463 8.60 5682000
4 Punjab 422 7.84 1345193
5 Gujarat 398 7.40 1267304
6 Andhra Pradesh 290 5.40 900606
7 Bihar 246 4.57 1147041
8 Hariyana 244 4.53 393121
9 Madhya Pradesh 197 3.66 808052
10 Others 1066 19.81 2242587
Total 5381 100 24450652

17. Temperature/RH requirements
Commodity Temperature (oC) Relative Humidity (%)
Apple -1 - 3 90 - 98
Apricots -0.5 - 0 90 - 95
Avocado 7 - 13 85 - 90
Asparagus 0 - 2 95 - 97
Beans, green 4 - 7 90 - 95
Beet root 0 - 2 95 - 97
Broccoli 0 - 2 90 - 95
Black berry -0.5 - 0 95 - 97
Cabbage 0 - 2 90 - 95
Carrots 0 - 2 90 - 95
Cauliflower 0 - 2 90 - 95
Cherries 0.5 - 0 90 - 95
Cucumber 7 - 10 90 - 95
Brinjal 0 - 2 90 - 95
Grapes -1 - 1 85 - 90
Lemons 4 - 15 86 - 88
Lettuce 0 - 1 95 - 98
Lime 3 - 10 85 - 90
Mango 11 - 18 85 - 90
Melon water 2 - 4 85 - 90
Orange 0 - 10 85 - 90
Peach -1 - 1 88 - 92
Potato 1.5 - 4 90 - 94

18. World scenario of supply chain management
• Increasing the velocity of a retail supply chain
management increases the revenue and gross
profit proportionally
• Studies shows people are ready to pay higher
price for freshness and preference trends are
to buy fresh fruits and vegetables rather than
the processed food in the developed countries

19. Factors to improve supply chain efficiency
• Forecasting tools with perishable characteristics
• Technology to integrate weather impact
• Management by exceptions
• Efficiency through innovative solutions
• Traceability and tracking technologies

20. Conclusion
Indian supply chain of fruits and vegetables or
perishables is at nascent stage whereas the word supply
chain in developed countries is much ahead of us.
Lot of improvement need to be done in Indian supply
chain in terms of efficiency and investment to make it a
world class supply chain with the use of technology and
collaboration among the value chain partners.

21. Thank you