In this presentation Tamborrino and Wendrich suggest that Europeana can enable cultural links and intersections across boundaries and cultures, and provide information for lost archaeological sites outside Europe. Set in the context of digital technologies for the humanities, the authors describe the links between the Nile and Europe, and the series of campaigns which have 'discovered' Egyptian monuments dating back to Napolean. A case study looks at the Nubian temples south of the Aswan dam, remains of which can today can be found in various museums around Europe, the US, Egypt and the Sudan. As well as the tangible heritage there is intangible heritage - with associations between Nubia and famous photographers and conservationists. An international campaign lead by UNESCO in from the 1960s when the Aswan dam was constructed lead to the involvement of large numbers of archaeologists from Europe and worldwide in recording monuments such as the temples at Philae, Gerf Hussein, Dendur and Abu Simbel. Various physical and digital archives are available. The authors proposed that Europeana could be instrumental in creating links and re-contextualising the digital content/ digital heritage of the Nile.

1. Linking Europe to the Nile:
connecting sites,
monuments, museums, and
historical information
Rosa Tamborrino (Politecnico di Torino, Italy)
Willeke Wendrich (University of California, Los Angeles)

2. Lisa Snyder
OIT’s Director
Willeke Wendrich
Cotsen Institute of
archaeology
UCLA
POLITO Team

3. Outline
• Europeana can push cultural links and intersections across boundaries and
cultures
• Europeana could provide information for (lost) archaeological sites outside
Europe
• “Cultural Heritage in Context. Digital Technologies for the Humanities”
• to make contextual and historical information available and reusable
• Linking Architecture and Archaeology : physical space and material remains
• Linking archaeology to Cultural landscapes: multilayer knowledge and multilayer
visual narrative
• Cultural landscapes in Europeana? Lost contexts?

4. The Nile and the Europe
• The relevance of the Mediterranean cultural area
• for a rich understanding of European culture and roots
• Links between the Nile and the European culture
• The ‘discovery’ of the Egypt monuments
• the Napoleonic campaign
• studies, research, iconography, narratives surveys on Egypt monuments and
civilisation
• ‘Egyptomania’ and effects in architecture
• The Public Use of History - IMPACT

6. Maxime Du Camp, Temple of Amada

7. Description de l'Egypte ou Recueil des observations et des recherches qui ont été faites en Egypte pendant l'expédition de
l'armée française,1809
Dominique Vivant Denon, Voyage dans la Basse et la Haute Egypte, pendant Les Campagnes du Général Bonaparte, par Vivant
Denon, tome I, Londres 1802

9. A case study: remains of Nubian temples
Tangible and Intangible Heritage
Cultural
Heritage
In Europe
• different cities and museums of Europe
• Turin, Leyden, Madrid
In the World
• …US (New York)
• …in Egypt
• …in Sudan
In Europeana
• Europeana and Lost context
• Linking Tangible and Intangible

12. Linking Tangible and
Intangible Heritage
Antonio Beato
Italian Photograher
John Muir also known as
John of the Mountains
the Father of NATIONAL
PARKS –Scottish
American

14. since the 1960’s a new wealth of historical resources in libraries and archives
UNESCO INTERNATIONAL CAMPAIGN 1960s- 1970s: Documentation and Narratives
Remote
archives
imagery
Museums
collections
architectur
al drawings
archaeologi
cal
information
surveys
Written
texts

15. Argentina
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czechoslovakia
Denmark
Egypt (Arabic Rep. Of)
Finland
France
German Democratic Republic
Germany
Ghana
Hungary
India
Italy
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Scandinavian countries
Soudan
Soviet Union
Spain
Sweden
United Kingdom
United States of America
Yugoslavia

16. Kiosk of Kertassi
The site today Render reconstruction
Kiosk with base, (1908) Kiosk without base, at the end of XIX sec. Kiosk, actual state

17. Temple of Taffa
BIM model of the Taffa temple, now located in the National Museum of Antiquities (Rijksmuseum van Oudheden) in Le
Possibility to linking information directly to the 3D model, software: Autodesk Revit

19. Cartographical Sources: data and lack of data

20. Draws about the flooding of Philae Island. (drawing software: Autodesk Revit and Adobe Indesign)

21. software: Lumion, Autodesk Revit

22. Temple of Gerf Hussein
3D video reconstructions, software: Lumion educational
Original source: Edward Lear, Gerf Hoseyn, 15 February 1867, Yale Center for British Art, YCBA/lido-TMS-5288

23. Temple of Dendur

24. Debod Temple in Franz Christian Gau, Antiquité de la
Nubie: ou, monuments inédits des bords du Nil situés
entre la première et la seconde cataracte (dessinés et
mesurés en 1819), Paris, Didot, 1822 (BA 8482)
Debod Temple
in 1822
3D video reconstructions,
software: Lumion
educational

25. Temple of Maharraqua
Interactive 3D models, with sketchfab

26. Owen Jones
(1809 -1874)
Owen Jones, The Grammar of Ornament,
London, Published by day and son,
Lithographers to the Queen, 1856

27. Isis Temple in Philae Island.
The chromatic features.
(rendering software: Lumion;
re-elaboration/post productions colors with
Adobe Photoshop)

29. how Europeana can be instrumental in creating a new link of intangible heritage of
the Nile through European sites
• re-contextualising the digital contents in an understanding of the archaeological
and architectural heritage for education, research, tourism and community
involvement
Europeana
European cultural
heritage Outside
Europe
Intangile Heritage
Tangible Heritage
in Museums
collection
Intangible
Heritage in
libraries, archives