This document discusses links and associations in object-oriented programming. It defines links as relationships between objects or instances, while associations are relationships between classes. Links connect individual objects, whereas associations define common relationships that can exist between multiple objects of the same classes. The document outlines different types of links and associations, including cardinality ratios and notations used to describe associations.
Chapter 2 The Object Model
2.1 The Evolution of the Object Model
2.2 Foundations of the Object Model
2.3 Elements of the Object Model
2.4 Applying the Object Model
Chapter 3 Classes and Objects 3
2.1 The Nature of Objects 4
2.2 Relationships among Object 7
2.3 The Nature of Classes 10
2.4 Relationships among Classes 11
2.5 Interplay of Classes and Objects 14
2.6 Identifying Classes and Objects 15
2.7 Importance of Proper Classification 18
2.8 Key abstractions and Mechanism 19
Chapter 2 The Object Model
2.1 The Evolution of the Object Model
2.2 Foundations of the Object Model
2.3 Elements of the Object Model
2.4 Applying the Object Model
Chapter 3 Classes and Objects 3
2.1 The Nature of Objects 4
2.2 Relationships among Object 7
2.3 The Nature of Classes 10
2.4 Relationships among Classes 11
2.5 Interplay of Classes and Objects 14
2.6 Identifying Classes and Objects 15
2.7 Importance of Proper Classification 18
2.8 Key abstractions and Mechanism 19
An overview of object oriented programming including the differences between OOP and the traditional structural approach, definitions of class and objects, and an easy coding example in C++. This presentation includes visual aids to make the concepts easier to understand.
This slide give the basic introduction about UML diagram and it's types, and brief intro about Activity Diagram, use of activity diagram in object oriented programming language..
Welcome to my series of articles on Unified Modeling Language. This is "Session 8 – Package Diagram" of the series.
Please view my other documents where I have covered each UML diagram with examples
This presentation deals with pure object oriented concepts and defines basic principles of OOP's like Encapsulation , polymorphism , Inheritance and Abstraction.
Fundamentals of Database Management Systems 2nd Edition Gillenson Solutions M...gamuhuto
Full download http://alibabadownload.com/product/fundamentals-of-database-management-systems-2nd-edition-gillenson-solutions-manual/
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An overview of object oriented programming including the differences between OOP and the traditional structural approach, definitions of class and objects, and an easy coding example in C++. This presentation includes visual aids to make the concepts easier to understand.
This slide give the basic introduction about UML diagram and it's types, and brief intro about Activity Diagram, use of activity diagram in object oriented programming language..
Welcome to my series of articles on Unified Modeling Language. This is "Session 8 – Package Diagram" of the series.
Please view my other documents where I have covered each UML diagram with examples
This presentation deals with pure object oriented concepts and defines basic principles of OOP's like Encapsulation , polymorphism , Inheritance and Abstraction.
Fundamentals of Database Management Systems 2nd Edition Gillenson Solutions M...gamuhuto
Full download http://alibabadownload.com/product/fundamentals-of-database-management-systems-2nd-edition-gillenson-solutions-manual/
Fundamentals of Database Management Systems 2nd Edition Gillenson Solutions Manual
PROPERTIES OF RELATIONSHIPS AMONG OBJECTS IN OBJECT-ORIENTED SOFTWARE DESIGNijpla
One of the modern paradigms to develop a system is object oriented analysis and design. In this paradigm,
there are several objects and each object plays some specific roles. After identifying objects, the various
relationships among objects must be identified. This paper makes a literature review over relationships
among objects. Mainly, the relationships are three basic types, including generalization/specialization,
aggregation and association.This paper presents five taxonomies for properties of the relationships. The first
taxonomy is based on temporal view. The second taxonomy is based on structure and the third one relies on
behavioral. The fourth taxonomy is specified on mathematical view and fifth one related to the interface.
Additionally, the properties of the relationships are evaluated in a case study and several recommendations
are proposed.
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Microposts Ontology Construction Via Concept Extraction dannyijwest
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Microposts Ontology Construction Via Concept Extraction dannyijwest
The social networking website Facebook offers to its users a feature called “status updates” (or just
“status”), which allows users to create Microposts directed to all their contacts, or a subset thereof.
Readers can respond to Microposts, or in addition to that also click a “Like” button to show their
appreciation for a certain Micropost. Adding semantic meaning in the sense of unambiguous intended ideas
to such Microposts. We can make a start towards semantic web by adding semantic annotation to web
resources. Ontology are used to specify meaning of annotations. Ontology provide a vocabulary for
representing and communicating knowledge about some topic and a set of semantic relationships that hold
among the terms in that vocabulary. For increasing the efficiency of ontology based application there is a
need to develop a mechanism that reduces the manual work in developing ontology. In this paper, we
proposed Microposts’ ontology construction. In this paper we present a method that extracts meaningful
knowledge from microposts shared in social platforms. This process involves different steps for the analysis
of such microposts (extraction of keywords, named entities and their matching to ontological concepts).
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
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Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
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Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
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The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
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The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
1. SARDAR PATEL COLLEGE OF
ENGINEERING , BAKROL-124
Applied Science & Humanities Department
Subject Name :: Object Oriented Programming
using JAVA (2150704)
Branch :: Information Technology
Guided By ::
Prof. Ronak Patel
2. Branch :: Information Technology
Semester :: 5th
No. NAME Enrollment No.
1 Parekh Bhargav G. 151240116023
2 Patel Kevin R. 151240116040
3 Patel Ronak A. 151240116049
4. LINK AND ASSOCIATION
links and association are the means for building
the relationship among the objects and classes.
Links and association , both are quite same
feature but links establishing among the objects
(instance) and association establishing among
the class.
Finally link is related to objects whereas
association is related to classes
5. LINKS
In object modeling links provides a
relationship between the objects.
These objects or instance may be same or
different in data structure and behavior.
Therefore a link is a physical or conceptual
connection between instance (or objects).
6. A link represents a connection through which
an object collaborates with other objects.
Rumbaugh has defined it as “a physical or
conceptual connection between objects”.
Through a link, one object may invoke the
methods or navigate through another object.
A link depicts the relationship between two
or more objects.
7. For example:
Works for
(Link)
Ram works for SPCE College. In this example
“works for” is the link between “Ram” and
“SPCE College”. Links are relationship among
the objects(instance).
Ram SPCE
8. TYPES OF LINKS:
1.One to one links
2.one to many and many to one links
3. Many to Many
9. ASSOCIATIONS
Association is a group of links having common
structure and common behavior. Association
depicts the relationship between objects of one or
more classes. A link can be defined as an
instance of an association.
Object modeling describes as a group of links
with common structure and common semantics.
10. All the links among the object are the forms of
association among the same classes.
The association is the relationship among classes.
1. Association
2. Association with inverse direction
3.Association between student and university
11. DEGREE OF ASSOCIATION
1. Unary association(degree of one)
2. Binary Association (degree of two)
3. Ternary Association (degree of three)
4. Quaternary Association (degree of four)
5. Higher order association (more than four)
12. 1.Unary Association: the association can be defined
on a single class. This type of association called
unary (or singular) association.
2. Binary Association: The binary association
contain the degree of two classes. The association
uses two class.
3. Ternary Association: The association which
contain the degree of three classes is called ternary
association. The ternary Association is an atomic
unit and cannot be subdivided into binary
association without losing information.
13. 4. Quaternary Association: The Quaternary
Association exists when there are four classes
associated.
5. Higher degree Association: The higher order
association are more complicated to draw ,
implement because when more than four class
need to be associated then it seems a hard task
14. CARDINALITY RATIOS OF ASSOCIATIONS
Cardinality of a binary association denotes
the number of instances participating in an
association. There are three types of
cardinality ratios, namely:
One–to–One : A single object of class A is
associated with a single object of class B.
15. One–to–Many : A single object of class A is
associated with many objects of class B.
Many–to–Many : An object of class A may
be associated with many objects of class B
and conversely an object of class B may be
associated with many objects of class A.
