This document discusses several key linguistic concepts: 1) Phonetics is the study of speech sounds and how they are produced, while phonology examines the abstract sound system of a language and how sounds contrast in meaning. 2) A phoneme is the smallest unit of sound that can distinguish one word from another in a language. Allophones are variant pronunciations of the same phoneme. 3) Phonotactics describes the patterns and constraints on how phonemes can be sequenced in a language.

2.  Every individual has a phisically different vocal tract, so
they will pronounce sounds differently.
 Pronunciation depends on: • Environment
• The context

3. It describes the systems and patterns of speech sounds in
language. Is the study of how sounds are organized and
used in natural languages.
Is concern about the abstract aspects of sounds in language
rather than the physical articulation of it.

4. Is the smallest unit of speech sound that can be used to
make one word different from another word.
The contrastive property is a basic operational test to
determine the phonemes in a language.
If a sound is substitute by another and there is a change
of meaning, both sounds represent different phonemes.

5. Are the different versions of speech sounds produced
When there are a set of phones which of all of them are
versions of one phoneme, they are the allophones of
that phoeneme.

6. Are words that vary in one single sound. They are
written identically but they contrast in one phoneme
place in the same position.
When a group of words can be differentiated, each one
from the others, by changing one phoneme.

7. The phonotactics of a language have been
formed without obeying some contraints on the
sequence or position of English phoenemes.
They represent accidental gaps in the
vocabulary.

8. It is a unit of sound which must contain a vowel
sound. The number of times that you hear the
sound of a vowel is equal to the number of syllables
the word has.
The basic elements of a syllable are the onset and
the rhyme.
A consonant cluster is a group
of consonants which have no intervening vowel.
For example, /spl/ and /ts/ are consonant clusters
in the word splits.

9. Is the process of making one sound almost at the
same time as the next sound.
Involves:
• Assimilation: when two phonemes occur
in sequence and one is taken or copied by
the other. The sound becomes similiar or
identical to its neighbour sound.
• Elision: is the omission of syllables,
sounds segments or words.