This document provides an overview of biology and the key features of life. It discusses biology as the study of living organisms, including their history, organization at the cellular level, metabolism, homeostasis, growth, reproduction, evolution, and response to stimuli. The key features that define life are highly organized structures, intricate chemical reactions that drive metabolism, maintenance of internal conditions, regulated growth, ability to reproduce, potential for evolution over time in response to environmental pressures, and irritability or response to changes in the environment.

1. Life and its
manifestation
ABDULJALEEL K
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE
KASARGOD

2. Science also refers to the body
of knowledge produced by
scientific investigation.

3. Pseudoscience
Pseudoscience is a belief presented as scientific although it is not a product of scientific investigation.
Pseudoscience is a belief presented as scientific although it is not
a product of scientific investigation.

4. BIOLOGY
A natural science concerned with
the study of life and living
organisms
2

5. Living and life
living organisms are
considered as self
replicating, evolving and
self regulatory interactive
systems capable of
responding to external
stimuli, sharing a common
genetic material to varying
degree both horizontally
and vertically.

6. HISTORY OF BIOLOGY
Famous Greek
Philosopher
• Pioneered Zoology
• First to classify living
things
• Divided the plants into
herbs,and trees and
animals into land
dwellers, water dwellers,
and air dwellers
• Father of Biology
• Greek(1st bio teacher)
Greek father
of medecine.
•Hippocratic
Oath for
doctors(part
of his life-long
legacy).

7. Your Title Here
18th Century: Taxonomy and
classification became the focus
of natural historians. Carl
Linnaeus published a
basic taxonomy for the natural
world in 1735 and in the 1750s
introduced scientific names for
all his species
17th Century: Biology began to
quickly develop and grow
with Anton van Leeuwenhoek's
dramatic improvement of
the microscope. It was then that
scholars
discovered spermatozoa, bacteria,
infusoria and the diversity of
microscopic life.

8. Your Title Here
20th century: DNA
structure, Molecular
biology, genome
sequencing shifted the
methods of biology
19th century: Serious evolutionary
thinking originated with the works
of Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, who was the
first to present a coherent theory of
evolution. Darwin's theory quickly
spread through the scientific
community and soon became a central
axiom of the rapidly developing science
of biology.

19. Manifestation of life
Living things are highly
organized, meaning they
contain specialized,
coordinated parts. All
living organisms are made
up of one or more cells,
which are considered the
fundamental units of life.
organisation
Life depends on an
enormous number of
interlocking chemical
reactions. The sum total
of the biochemical
reactions occurring in
an organism is called
its metabolism.
Metabolism
Living organisms regulate
their internal
environment to maintain
the relatively narrow
range of conditions
needed for cell function.
This maintenance of a
stable internal
environment, even in the
face of a changing
external environment, is
known as homeostasis
Homeostasis
Living organisms
undergo regulated
growth. Individual cells
become larger in size,
and multicellular
organisms accumulate
many cells through cell
division.
Growt
h

20. Life features
Reproduction
Evolution
Response
Living organisms can
reproduce themselves
to create new
organisms.
Reproduction can be
either asexual,
involving a single
parent organism,
or sexual, requiring
two parents
Living organisms
show “irritability,”
meaning that they
respond to stimuli
or changes in their
environment.
Populations of living organisms can
undergo evolution, meaning that the
genetic makeup of a population may
change over time. In some cases,
evolution involves natural selection,
in which a heritable trait, such as
darker fur color or narrower beak
shape, lets organisms survive and
reproduce better in a particular
environment.

21. Thanks
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