Lewis_AAAS DC Carnegit 2015
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This document summarizes the work of Nathan Lewis and the Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis on developing technology for artificial photosynthesis. Their goal is to directly produce fuels from sunlight using semiconductor materials and catalysts, similar to natural photosynthesis. They have made progress constructing the key components, including silicon microwire arrays coated with gold catalysts and embedded in polymer membranes. Their ultimate aim is to develop an integrated solar fuel generator device that can radially collect and convert light into chemical fuels through tandem light absorbers and fuel/oxygen electrocatalysts. Significant technological and policy challenges remain to develop inexpensive and efficient carbon-free energy solutions at a large scale.
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This document contains information about a group project on solar energy. It lists the names and roll numbers of 5 students in the group, including the group leader, assistant group leader, and 3 members. It then outlines the topics to be covered, including basics of solar energy, photovoltaic cells, solar thermal systems, economic analysis, and an introduction discussing solar radiation and the potential of solar energy.
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This is a presentation on Solar Power Generation .We believe Solar to be the most sustainable sector in the renewable energies space. AcornSolar promotes On-Grid and Off-Grid solutions in both domestic as well as industrial sectors.
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This document provides an overview of renewable energy sources as taught by Prof. Madhuri K. Pawar. It discusses various renewable sources including solar energy, wind energy, bioenergy, geothermal energy and ocean energy. For solar energy specifically, it describes the physics of the sun including its layers of core, radiative zone, convection zone, photosphere, chromosphere and corona. It also discusses the solar constant, terrestrial radiation and extra-terrestrial radiation. The document aims to educate students on different renewable sources and the fundamentals of solar energy as the most abundant renewable resource.
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This document provides an introduction to nuclear cold fusion and nuclear energy more broadly. It begins by defining nuclear energy as energy harnessed from atomic nuclei through either fission or fusion processes. Fission involves splitting heavy nuclei, like uranium, and is used in current nuclear power plants. Fusion involves combining light nuclei and produces energy through reactions that occur in stars. The document then discusses some advantages and disadvantages of both fission and fusion. It provides background on plasma research and magnetic confinement fusion before concluding that scientists are working to achieve nuclear fusion at room temperature as a future renewable energy source.
SOLAR ENERGY - The Future Requirement
A Power Point Presentation on THE SUN, SOLAR ENERGY, IT'S ADVANTAGES, DISADVANTAGES, VARIOUS SOLAR MISSIONS, SOLAR ENERGY CONVERTERS and IT'S MECHANISM along with other FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS.....
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The document discusses various topics related to solar energy generation including:
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- Applications of solar energy include generating electricity at utility-scale solar power plants as well as powering vehicles, heating homes and water, and providing power in remote locations.
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This document summarizes research on characterizing titanium dioxide to improve the photon-to-current efficiency in dye-sensitized solar cells. The researchers studied processes like sintering the porous titanium dioxide layer and dye soaking. They observed an increase in efficiency by tuning the dye coverage of the porous titanium dioxide, which enhanced light absorption and decreased surface traps. Kinetic studies of dye adsorption were conducted using UV-Vis spectroscopy to fit absorption curves to pseudosecond-order chemical adsorption processes. The characterization techniques improved understanding and further developments of dye-sensitized solar cells.
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This document provides an overview of solar photovoltaic cells. It begins by outlining different energy sources, including conventional, renewable, and non-renewable sources. It then discusses the basic structure and working of silicon-based solar cells. Dye-sensitized solar cells and solar perovskite cells are also mentioned. The document discusses applications of solar cells and their merits and demerits. It provides details on the history, definition, structure, and working of solar cells. In summary, the document outlines different types of energy sources and provides an introduction to silicon-based solar cells and their components.
Solar Energy - Beyond the Hype
Professor Prashant Kamat presents how solar energy can meet our future energy demand in his ND Thinks Big talk.
Sponsored by The Hub and CUSE, ND Thinks Big features 10 of Notre Dame’s most exciting and engaging professors sharing the impact of their work in action-packed, accessible 10 minute talks.
Visit our website, KamatLab.com, for the latest news, publications, and research from our group.
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The document discusses the benefits of solar energy as a renewable resource. It states that solar energy has the potential to meet humankind's total energy demand given that the amount of solar energy that reaches the Earth's surface in one hour exceeds our total annual energy consumption. It then provides an overview of the two main categories of solar power: solar thermal and solar photovoltaics. Solar thermal is used for water heating and cooking while solar photovoltaics generate electricity. The document outlines various passive solar applications and active solar thermal and photovoltaic technologies to harness the sun's energy.
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The document discusses better ways of using solar energy. It notes that solar energy is a renewable resource that can meet humanity's energy needs. However, solar energy currently only provides 0.8% of global energy sales due to limitations of present solar technologies. The document proposes ways to improve solar energy usage, such as placing more solar panels on buildings, in remote areas, deserts, and splitting sunlight into frequencies to increase panel efficiency. Government support is suggested to expand solar power applications.
Renewable energy and resources
This document discusses various types of renewable energy sources including solar, wind, geothermal, hydro, and tidal energy. It provides details on solar energy and how photovoltaic panels work to convert sunlight directly into electricity via the photovoltaic effect. It also describes thin film solar cell technology and the process used to deposit materials to form solar panels. Additionally, it briefly touches on other renewable technologies like wind turbines, nuclear energy, and harvesting energy from natural resources and the environment. The document outlines some advantages and disadvantages of different energy sources.
Similar to Lewis_AAAS DC Carnegit 2015 (20)
Detailed Report on Nuclear cold fusion Reaction and it's Future aspects
Detailed Report on Nuclear cold fusion Reaction and it's Future aspects
Solar energy application for electric power generation
Solar energy application for electric power generation
Chracterization of ti o2 towards higher of incident photon to-current efficie...
Chracterization of ti o2 towards higher of incident photon to-current efficie...
Lewis_AAAS DC Carnegit 2015
- 1. JOINT CENTER FOR ARTIFICIAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS • ARTIFICIAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS: DIRECT PRODUCTION OF FUELS FROM SUNLIGHT NATHAN S. LEWIS CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering NSF CCI, DOE BES, AFOSR, Moore Foundation
- 2. Foresightful Energy Analysis • We are like tenant farmers chopping down the fence around our house for fuel when we should be using Nature's inexhaustible sources of energy — sun, wind and tide. ... • “Sunshine is spread out thin and so is electricity. Perhaps they are the same, but we will take that up later. Now the trick was, you see, to concentrate the juice and liberate it as you needed it. The old-fashioned way inaugurated by Jove, of letting it off in a clap of thunder, is dangerous, disconcerting and wasteful. It doesn’t fetch up anywhere. My task was to subdivide the current and use it in a great number of little lights, and to do this I had to store it. And we haven’t really found out how to store it yet and let it off real easy-like and cheap. Why, we have just begun to commence to get ready to find out about electricity. This scheme of combustion to get power makes me sick to think of–it is so wasteful. It is just the old, foolish Prometheus idea, and the father of Prometheus was a baboon.”
- 3. Foresightful Energy Analysis • I'd put my money on the sun and solar energy. What a source of power! • I hope we don't have to wait until oil and coal run out before we tackle that..
- 4. Foresightful Energy Analysis • I'd put my money on the sun and solar energy. What a source of power! • I hope we don't have to wait until oil and coal run out before we tackle that.. • Thomas A. Edison, 1931
- 5. Light Fuel Electricity Photosynthesis Fuels Electricity Photovoltaics sc e SC CO Sugar H O O 2 2 2 Energy Conversion Strategies Semiconductor/Liquid Junctions H2O O H 22 SC
- 8. Constructing the Pieces of a Solar H2 Fuel Generator
- 9. Large Area Au-Catalyzed Si Arrays 30 µm Nearly 100% vertically aligned, 75 µm length microwire arrays over areas > 1 cm2. 3 µm array, 500 nm Au, Tgrowth = 1000oC, Pgrowth = 760 Torr, 30 min growth, 2 mole % SiCl4 in H2 5 nm <111> direction
- 10. Polymer Embedding of Si Rod Arrays PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane)
- 11. Polymer Embedding and Wafer Reuse 50 µm Spurgeon, Boettcher et al., Energy. Env. Sci. Spurgeon, et al., Appl Phys. Lett. 93 (3) (2008). Plass, et al., Adv. Mater. 21 (325) (2009).
- 12. ACID-STABLE EMBEDDED MICROWIRE ARRAY • CORE-SHELL TANDEM JUNCTION MICROWIRE ARRAYS 50 μm 100 μm ALKALINE-STABLE EMBEDDED MICROWIRE ARRAY
- 13. Dual Wire Array Membrane 100 µm 20 µm Josh Spurgeon, Lewis group, Caltech
- 14. Printer Input UV-Vis Absorbance Non-aqueous IPCE Characterization (e.g., XPS) Characterization (e.g., XRD) Aqueous CV Development of world-class tools for high-throughput characterization and analysis • Ultra-high throughput experimentation
- 15. Intrinsically Safe 10% STH with TiO2-Stabilized III-V Tandem and Ni-Mo/NiOx Electrocatalysts
- 16. ACCOMPLISHMENTSANDFUTUREDIRECTION BLUEPRINT FOR AN INTEGRATED SOLAR-FUEL GENERATOR Tandem light absorbers Fuel and oxygen catalysts Ion-conducting, gas-separation membrane Radial collection of photogenerated carriers
- 17. Acknowledgments
- 18. • Need for Additional Primary Energy is Apparent • Case for Significant (Daunting?) Carbon-Free Energy Seems Plausible (Imperative?): CO2 emissions growth: 1990-1999: 1.1%/yr; 2000-2006: 3.1%/yr Scientific/Technological Challenges • Energy efficiency: energy security and environmental security • Coal+gas/sequestration; nuclear/breeders; Cheap Solar Fuel Inexpensive conversion systems, effective storage systems Policy Challenges • Is Failure an Option? • Will there be the needed commitment? In the remaining time? Summary