This document provides information about nail care, including the structures and shapes of nails. It begins by defining nail as a plate of keratin that protects the fingers and toes. It then lists the important purposes of nails as supporting daily activities, protecting from injury, and providing sensory feedback. The document proceeds to label a diagram of the fingernail, identifying structures like the lunula, cuticle, free edge, matrix, nail bed, nail walls, and nail plate. It also describes five common nail shapes: oval, round, stiletto, squoval, and square. The document concludes with a brief overview of nail diseases and disorders that can affect the nail unit and change the nail's appearance

2. PRAYER

3. OBJECTIVES:
•Identify nail structures and shapes.
•Perform nail trimmings to varied shape.
•

4. REVIEW OF THE
LESSON
Learning Task 1: Arrange the jumbled letters to form the correct words related with the methods or
in cleaning different nail care tools and instruments. The first letter of the correct answer is given. Write
answers on a separate sheet of paper.
1.T N I O A T I N A S S _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
2.P I W E W _ _ _
3.I X M M _ _
4.I R T E L S Z I N A I T O S _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
5.N F T N A D I C E T S D _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
6.H A W S W _ _ _
7.E S O P S I D D _ _ _ _ _ _
8.K A O S S _ _ _
9.C O A L L O H A _ _ _ _ _ _
10.C I T P S E T N A I A _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

5. ANSWERS
Learning Task 1: Arrange the jumbled letters to form the correct words related with the methods or
cleaning different nail care tools and instruments. The first letter of the correct answer is given. Write your
answers on a separate sheet of paper.
1.T N I O A T I N A S S ANITATION
2.P I W E W IPE
3.I X M M IX
4.I R T E L S Z I N A I T O S TERILIZATION
5.N F T N A D I C E T S D ISPOSE
6.H A W S W ASH
7.E S O P S I D D ISPOSE
8.K A O S S OAK
9.C O A L L O H A LCOHOL
10.C I T P S E T N A I ANTISEPTICS

6. BASIC INFORMATION ABOUT
NAIL
Nail is a plate of keratin that lies on the
tips of the fingers and toes. The main
purpose of the nail is to protect the
fingers and toes, however, the fingernail
also assists with certain physical activities
in daily life.

7. IMPORTANT PURPOSE
OF NAIL
 They support humans in their everyday activities. Nails are flat versions of claws that
aid humans in digging, climbing, scratching, grabbing, and other activities.
 They protect you from getting hurt. They function as protective plates, preventing
cuts and scrapes on the fingers and toes during everyday activities.
 They contribute to the experience. Nerve endings in the fingers and toes allow the
body to process the vast quantities of data obtained every time something is touched,
and the nail acts as a counterforce, providing even more sensory feedback after a
person touches something.
The main purpose of the nail is to protect the fingers and toes.

8. 1. WHAT IS NAIL? 5PTS
2. GIVE THE 3 IMPORTANCE OF
NAILS? 10PTS
2. WHY DO WE NEED TO TAKE
CARE OF OUR NAILS? 10PTS
ACTIVITY 1 (ESSAY TYPE)

9. DIAGRAMS OF THE NAIL AND ITS
STRUCTURE

10. 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

11. ACTIVITY 2: LABEL THE DIAGRAM OF THE FINGERNAIL

12. STRUCTURES
OF NAIL

13. STRUCTURES OF
NAIL
1. LUNULA - the pearly coloured and
crescent shaped is due to the cells
being pushed closely together, the
blood capillaries cannot be seen
through the lunula because of this.

14. STRUCTURES OF
NAIL
2. CUTICLE - the overlapping
epidermis around the nail. It is the
transparent skin, which is called the
'true cuticle', that is removed during
the manicuring process.

15. STRUCTURES OF
NAIL
3. FREE EDGE -the part of the nail
that can be filed and shaped. It is
an extension of the nail plate that
overlaps the hyponychium.

16. STRUCTURES OF
NAIL
4. MATRIX - the only living reproducing part of
the nail. This is situated directly below the cuticle.
New cells form here and continually push towards
to produce the nail plate. It also contains blood
vessels and nerves. Blood supply provides the
cells with nourishment. If the matrix is damaged
the nail will grow deformed.

17. STRUCTURES OF
NAIL
5. NAIL BED - the part of the nail where the
nail plate rests on, also a continuation of the
matrix. It is abundantly supplied with blood
vessels and nerves, having numerous parallel
ridges which dovetail exactly with the ridges
on the under surface of the nail plate.

18. STRUCTURES OF
NAIL
6. NAIL WALLS - the folds of
skin that overlap the sides of
the nail. They hold your nail in
place and protect the nail plate
edges.

19. STRUCTURES OF
NAIL
7. NAIL PLATE - is visible nail that rests on the
nail bed up to the free edge. This is made up
from dead cells and minimum amount of
moisture. The nail is semi-transparent –
allowing the color of blood supply of the
dermis to show.

20. FREE EDGE, NAIL WALL, NAIL BED, MATRIX, NAIL GROOVE, HYPONYCHIUM, MANTLE,
CUTICLE, LUNULA, NAIL PLATE

21. SHAPES
OF NAIL
ASSIGNMENT

22. SHAPES
OF NAIL

23. SHAPES OF
NAIL
1. OVAL NAIL - this is common
among people with long, perfect nail
beds. It may be styled slightly rounded
at the base and slightly pointed at the
fingertips. Most often this type of nail
has a natural look and looks very good
in a short-medium length.

24. SHAPES OF
NAIL
2. ROUND NAIL - ideal for shorter
nails, the nail is allowed to grow out
straight at the sides for approximately
1.5 mm and then the tip is filed into a
rounded shape. This is a strong shape
which is great for those who keep their
nails short.

25. SHAPES OF
NAIL
3. STILETTO/ POINTED NAIL -
filed away at the sides to a point
at the tip; this shape is very weak
as the sides of the nail (which
provide the strength) are totally
lost.

26. SHAPES OF
NAIL
4. SQUOVAL - As above,
but followed by squaring
off the tip, this gives the
nail tip strength over the
oval shape.

27. SHAPES OF
NAIL
5. SQUARE NAIL- The square-shaped
nails are the most famous among the
nail shapes. It is created by allowing the
nail to grow out straight and then filing
the tip straight across at right angles
with the rest of the nail plate.

28. ASSIGNMENT
1. A plate keratin that lies on the tips of
the fingers and toes.
2. A nail shape that are common among
people with long and perfect nail
3. The part of nail that can be filed and
shaped.
4. A nail shape that is ideal for shorter
nails.
5. The folds of skin that overlap the sides
of the nail.
6. This nail shape is very weak because
sides of the nail are totally lost.
7. The overlapping epidermis around the
nail.
8. The only living reproducing part of
nail.
9. The pearly colored and crescent
part of the nail.
10. One of the best shapes for long nail
a. Cuticle
b. Free edge
c. Lunula
d. Matrix
e. Nail
f. Nail Bed
g. Nail Walls
h. Oval
i. Round
j. Square
k. Squoval
l. Stiletto /
pointed

29. NAIL
DISEASES
AND
DISORDER
S

30.  Nail diseases are conditions of both the nail, and the surrounding
skin which result from bacterial, fungal and viral infections. Some
conditions will show a green, yellow or black discoloration of the nail,
depending on the nature of the infection. The main course for
infection is through damaged cuticles and broken skin.
 Many disorders can affect the nails. These disorders can affect any
portion of the nail unit and can impact the appearance of the nail
plate itself.

31. NAIL
DISORDERS

37. NAIL
DISEASES