This document discusses communication processes, principles, and ethics. It defines communication as the sending and receiving of verbal and nonverbal messages between people. Purposive communication is intentional communication that occurs within specific contexts like environment, social relationships, culture, and place/time. The key elements of communication are the sender, message, channels, and receiver. Effective communication applies principles like courtesy, clarity, conciseness, concreteness, and completeness. The goal is to communicate skillfully and ethically within different contexts.

1. COMMUNICATION
PROCESSES, PRINCIPLES
& ETHICS
Prepared by: Alexandra Jaballa-Bolusan

2. Sabi nga…
“If you can communicate, you can get by.
But if you can communicate skillfully, you
can work miracles.”
-- Jim Rohn

3. Outcomes
At the end of the lesson you are expected to:
• increase knowledge in communication, its processes and principles
hence become more skillful communicators;
• heighten awareness on communication ethics resulting conscientious
and respectful interactions; and
• apply the gained knowledge through class exercises

4. True or False?
• Man can not communicate.
• Communication is very powerful.
• Everything created by the great Creator is incessantly engaged in various
forms of communication.
• We are always engaged in almost all sorts of communication.
• Communication is something continuous and may not have a definite end.

5. What is communication?
• Is a human act of sending (verbal or nonverbal; online of offline) and
receiving of messages where interpretations are normally constructed
in the process.
• Is a process whereby people create and transmit meaning through
the exchange of verbal and nonverbal messages in particular context
(Oetzel, 2009:11).
• A natural activity of people

6. What then is purposive communication?
Purposive communication
• is an intentional communication that happens within the bounds of
specific contexts.
• is a communication applied in a specific setting, environment, scene,
social relations and culture
Contexts affects the process of sending and receiving of messages;
semantics or meanings, choice of channels, words and methods of
delivery.

7. Context includes:
1. Settings or environment – family, school, workplace, religious
communities
2. Social relationships – friends, husband and wife, parent child,
colleagues/boss-subordinate in the office
3. Scenes which include place, time and occasion – business meeting,
job interview, social gathering – parties, weddings, etc.)
4. Culture – history, tradition, beliefs, norms, values

8. Elements of Communication
1. Sender – source of idea (from WHOM)
2. Message - the idea being communicated (WHAT)
3. Channels – the medium (HOW)
4. Receiver – where the message is going (to WHOM)

9. Elements of Communication:
Sender – the message will only be as good and valid as its source
• The source of idea
• Must be able to use the language that the receiver
understands.
• Correct grammar
• Phonetics
• Choice of words or jargons for an appropriate audience
• Sentence construction
• Discourse competence

10. Elements of Communication:
Sender – the message will only be as good and valid as its source
• Delivery
• Good voice projection
• Use of appropriate eye contact
• Proper articulation of words and emphasis on important words
“It’s not always what you say but how you say it.”
-- sabi nga

11. Elements of Communication:
Message – What needs to be communicated
The FIVE C’s in communication:
• Courtesy
• Clarity
• Conciseness
• Concreteness
• Completeness

12. The FIVE C’s in communication:
Courtesy also known as politeness.
Ways to demonstrate courtesy:
• using polite words and tone to show respect to the receiver of the
message.
• applying tact and diplomacy
• developing the “WE” attitude using positive words instead of negative
• being considerate of the feelings of the receiver
• selecting gender-free terms
• responding promptly to important messages

13. The FIVE C’s in communication:
Clarity may involve correct word usage,
grammar, pronunciation, sentence
construction and delivery.
Messages which are unclear oftentimes do not
achieve their desired effect.

14. The FIVE C’s in communication:
Conciseness is saying what needs to be said in as
few words as possible. Avoid flowery words.
Remember:
“Our goal is to communicate and not to impress.”
-- yari ka

15. The FIVE C’s in communication:
Concreteness. This refers to being
specific.
- providing example when necessary
makes a message more comprehensible.

16. The FIVE C’s in communication:
Completeness. To avoid ambiguity,
messages should not leave out important
details that a receiver expects to know.
Answer:
What, Who, When, Where, Why and How

17. Elements of Communication:
Channels
The choice of channel may depend on the availability,
practicality, and its impact on the receiver.
Channels:
• Telephone
• Radio
• Television
• Printed texts (books, newspapers, magazines, journals, posters, etc.)
• Communication technologies (smart phones, tablets, computers)

18. Elements of Communication:
Receiver
• Must have good listening and comprehension skills
• Eliminate all possible distractions or noises
• Types of noise (physical, environmental, psychological, emotional)
• Sharpness of cognition through continuous studies and acquisition of
information and knowledge

19. Questions?

20. Thank you!