The document defines and provides examples of the eight basic parts of speech: nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections. It focuses particularly on nouns, describing the different types of nouns like common and proper nouns, plural and possessive nouns, collective nouns, and abstract nouns. Examples are provided to illustrate each part of speech. The document also distinguishes between transitive and intransitive verbs as well as linking verbs versus action verbs.

1. Parts of speech

2. ELA6C1 The student demonstrates understanding and control of the rules of the English language, realizing that usage involves the appropriate application of conventions and grammar in both written and spoken formatsa. Identifies and uses the eight basic parts of speech and demonstrates that words can be different parts of speech within a sentence

3. A noun is a….PERSON,PLACE, THING, or IDEA

4. Person: friend, parent, boy, JanePlace: home, city, backyard, McdonaldsThing: ball, homework, secret, EasterIdea: happiness, trouble, love

5. Common vs. ProperCommon Nouns: Name general itemsProper Nouns: Name specific thingsCommonProper coffee shop Starbucks jeans Levi’s country United States singer Justin Bieber

6. Abstract NounsNouns that you CANNOT : see, hear, smell, taste, or feel Bravery Love Trust Creativity Freedom Thought Education Communication Honesty

7. COLLECTIVE NOUNSNames groups composed of membersAudience Family Department Team Class Committee Company Group

8. PLURAL NOUNSMore than oneUsually just add an “s” or an “es”more than one girl = girls more than one kiss = kissesmore than one box = boxesmore than one snake = snakesIrregular Plural forms:more than one goose = geesemore than one child = childrenmore than one mouse = mice

9. POSSESSIVE NOUNSNames who or what has somethingThe captain’s voiceThe child’s motherMy father’s carThe baby’s bottle

10. My team won the championship game.A. Plural Noun B. Collective Noun

11. My sister’s hair is blonde now.A. Possessive Noun B. Plural Noun C. Collective Noun

12. I was happy about my new friendship with Susan.A. Plural Noun B. Collective Noun C. Abstract Noun

13. The women in my mother’s club are very nice.A. Collective Noun B. Plural Noun C. Possessive Noun

14. It took an hour to finish my homework assignments.A. Possessive NounB. Collective NounC. Plural Noun

15. We stopped by Taco Bell on the way home from practice.A. Collective Noun B. Proper Noun C. Common Noun

16. My mother appreciated my honesty when I admitted to breaking her vase. A. Possessive Noun B. Abstract Noun C. Collective Noun

17. ADJECTIVESDescribes a nounTells….What kind?I found a RED rose.How many? THREEtickets, please.Which one? I would eat THESE muffins.

18. COMMON ADJECTIVESA simple, regular adjectiveDescribes a noun in a general waysharp, flexible, hot, red, hidden, dripping, nice, huge, slow, hairy, beautiful, straight, crazy, smart, shy, nervous, loud….

19. SADBLUE CHILLY EMPTY OLD SWEET STRONG RICH

20. PROPER ADJECTIVESDerived from propernounsUsually capitalizedProper NounProper AdjectiveAmerica Mexico England Mars AmericanMexican EnglishMartian

21. Demonstrative adjectivesPoints out nounsAlways answers the question which one?Singular PluralTHISTHATTHESETHOSE

22. I saw a rabbit run under these bushes.Can you understand the plot of this book?I think those flowers are beautiful.That boy did well on this test.

23. VERBSExpress actionor state of being

24. ACTION VERBSShow action-Can be actions you can’t see: thought, wanted-Time-telling verbs: Tell when something takes placePresent tense: runs Past tense: ran Future tense: will run

25. TRANSITIVE Takes a direct object Transmits action to an object He sent the letter. You lifted the bag.  I ate the pie. Direct object receives the action(letter = direct object of sent)(bag receives the action of lifted)(pie receives the action of ate)

26. INTRANSITIVEDoes not take an objectVerbs that are ALWAYS intransitive:arrive, go, lie, sneeze, sit, dieShe sleeps too much. James went to the store.Glenda sits on the front porch.Nothing receives the action of the verbs

27. TRANSITIVE VS. INTRANSITIVEShe sings every day.(no object = intransitive)She sings songs. (songs receives the action of sings = transitive)The boy eats candy.(candy receives the action of eats = transitive)The boy eats after dinner. (no object = intransitive)

28. The old woman struggled up the hill.A. Transitive B. Intransitive

29. The man bought flowers for his wife. A. Transitive B. Intransitive

30. The sun rose early this morning. A. Transitive B. Intransitive

31. At the end of the play, the entire cast dances across the stage. A. Transitive B. Intransitive

32. I eat mustard on my french fries instead of ketchup.A. Transitive B. Intransitive

33. Jack knew his hard work paid off when he received first prize. A. Transitive B. Intransitive

34. LINKING VERBSDo notexpress actionConnects the subject of the verb to additional information about the subject.True Linking Verbs:Any form of be [am, is, are, was, were, has been, are being, might have been, etc.. ]become, and seem

35. Jane is an athlete. During the afternoon, my cats are content to nap on the couch. After drinking the old milk, John turned green. Mark feels sleepy after eating a big meal.

36. LINKING VS. ACTIONIf you can substitute am, is, or are & the sentence still makes sense, it is a linking verbIf, after the substitution, the sentence makes no sense, it is an action verbLinking OR Action verbs:appear, feel, grow, look, prove, remain, smell, sound, taste, and turn

37. Sylvia tasted the spicy stew.  (Sylvia is the stew.) Tasted is a(n) action verb in this sentence.The stew tasted good.  (The stew is good.) Tasted is a(n) linking verb in this sentence.I smell the aroma of the stew.  (I am the aroma.) Smell is a(n) action verb in this sentence.The stew smells heavenly.  (The stew is heavenly.) Smells in a(n) linking verb in this sentence.

38. The ghost appeared in the doorway. A. Linking B. Action

39. My mother tasted the soup to make sure it was not too hot. A. Linking B. Action

40. Jenny looks at the pictures in the book. A. Linking B. Action

41. The gardener grew some flowers.A. Linking B. Action

42. The women grew silent when she saw the bear. A. Linking B. Action