3. Vaccinations
Types
Killed – disease agent is dead (rabies), by heat or chemical
Advantages – do not replicate
Disadvantage – requires more disease agent, increased risk of
allergic reactions
Modified Live – takes agent and changes it to be mild
(attenuation – changing disease)
Advantages – replicate once in body, less antigen is required
Disadvantages – mild infection symptoms (fever), lethargic for
12-24 hours
Inappropriate or too frequent use of a vaccine can be harmful
5. Canine Diseases & Vaccinations
DHLPP (Distemper Booster or Distemper
Combination)
Distemper
Hepatitis
Leptospirosis
Parainfluenza
Parvo
Corona (C or CV)
6. Distemper
Attacks Respiratory
and Neurological
Systems
Symptoms –
thick discharge from
eye
High fever
Leads to death
Spread by raccoon, foxes,
coyotes, other dogs
7. Hepatitis (Type 2)
Infectious Canine
Hepatitis
Attacks liver and
kidneys
Symptoms –
High Fever
Loss of appetite
Extreme Lethargy
Leads to death
8. Leptospirosis
Microscopic corkscrew
bacteria
Spread through urine
Common in rural areas
around livestock
Symptoms –
Loss of apetite
Fever
Vomiting
Leads to Death
Vaccinate has large side
effects
10. Parvo
Most commonly seen
(especially in 1970s)
Attacks digestive
system
Transmitted through
stool
Symptoms –
Vomiting
Bloody diarrhea
Kills lining of small
intestine
11. Corona (C or CV)
Mild case of Parvo
Symptoms
Diarrhea without blood
12. Rabies
Concentrates in saliva
Ends in brain
(paralysis/death)
Transmitted by foxes,
skunks, bats, coyotes
Symptoms –
Cannot swallow
Large amount of saliva
Aggressive temper
13. Bordetella (Kennel Cough)
Not deadly, but easily
spread
Common in kennels,
dog shows, groomers
Symptoms –
Deep cough
Vaccines – injectable and
intranasal
14. Lyme Disease
Transmitted by ticks
High in hunting dogs
Symptoms –
Fever
Lameness
Swollen Joints
22. Feline Leukemia - FeLV
Inhibits immune
system
Caused by facial
contact
Symptoms will show
secondary disease
23. Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP)
Transmitted by fecal
matter
Ascites (bloated) –
fluid build up in belly
Given Intranaselly
Symptoms –
Fever
Weight Loss
24. Vaccine Schedules
Vaccinating a Puppy
Start 6-8 wks of age – physical exam, stool check, deworming,
1st puppy shot
Vaccine interval is usually every 3-4 weeks
Completion is 16 wks (newer vaccines 12 wks)
Vaccinating an Adult Dog
2 distemper-parvo combination shots spaced 3-4 wks apart
Rabies start at 12-16 wks of age, repeat every 1-3 years
Vaccinating a Cat
3-4 week interval
Start at 7-9 weeks of age
Finish kitten vaccines at 12-16 wks of age
25. Tips to Handling Vaccines
1. Always keep refrigerated
2. Always use new needles or syringes
3. Always reconstitute properly
4. Multi-dose vials should always be mixed prior to
withdrawing
5. Follow Manufacturer’s guidelines
6. Never mix inappropriate vaccines
7. Do not administer multiple vaccines into the same area
8. Inject vaccine slowly
9. Rub injected area
10. Record type, brand, lot, and serial number of
vaccination
26. Hearthworm Prevention
An infection of
Dironfilaria Immitic
Spaghetti-like worm
Live in Blood Stream
Symptoms –
Coughing
Weigh-Loss
Labored Breathing
Spitting Up Blood
Death
28. 1. What are the bodies natural infection fighting molecules called?
2. Which type of vaccine is likely to stimulate a more pronounced immune response?
3. What is the typical age we can begin to vaccinate a puppy?
4. Why might a puppy vaccinated with a modified live virus be lethargic or sleepy for
a day or so?
5. List a prominent symptom of each disease:
Distemper
Parvo
Rabies
6. Which vaccine is sometimes given intranasally to dogs?
7. How is Lyme disease spread from one dog to another?
8. Of all the dog diseases covered in this section, which ones are transmissible to
people?
9. At what age can a kitten receive a rabies vaccination?
10. Which disease may cause young cats to get a bloated appearance?
11. How is the feline leukemia virus spread from cat to cat?
12. FIP, if given, is administered in what location?
13. Why do we often wait until 6 or 8 weeks of age before vaccinating a kitten or
puppy?
14. How often should the puppy vaccinations be repeated during the initial vaccination
series?
15. At what age do we attempt to conclude the puppy or kitten series?
16. If a puppy were not brought in until it was 9 weeks of age and it had never been
vaccinated before, at what other ages would the puppy need to come back for
additional boosters?
17. When is the rabies vaccination given to dogs? Cats?
Review Questions
– 17 Pts