The document discusses the importance of developing proposals for local development projects with public participation. It outlines the steps for formulating development proposals at the local level: 1. Identifying community needs through consultation with local stakeholders. 2. Drafting proposals that include objectives, costs, resources, implementation plans, and anticipated benefits. 3. Submitting proposals to local governments for review and approval. 4. Implementing approved projects with oversight from consumer committees. The key points are that development requires careful planning, public participation is essential to ensure projects meet community needs, and the process involves identifying needs, drafting proposals, and obtaining approval from local authorities.

1. Formation of
Development Proposal
at Local Level

2.  Development is a key to progress but
requires a careful planning and public
participation. On launching any
developmental project, there is need of
proposal formation with the involvement of
local people. This ensures the economic use
of the resources and sustainability way.
Class: 10 [Social Studies] 2nd Period 2073/01/31 2

3.  Planned action better ensures success. In other
words, we can achieve our goals more easily if
work with a plan. Planning is the process of
thinking about and organizing the activities for
achieving a making a schedule before leaving for a
particular destination. Planning, thus, is also called
forethought; thinking before acting. You know your
single day can be more productive and successful
if you start arranging things and working with a
plan. Planning is a basic element of intelligent
behaviour. It’s a wiser method of working
successfully. Without good planning, working is
imply unorganized, complicated and less
successful.
Class: 10 [Social Studies] 2nd Period 2073/01/31
3

4.  Development planning is a first step towards
development. It directs the development activities. It
helps mobilize available means resources properly and
achieve the desired goals more quickly confidently and
easily. It takes decisions on ‘what to do’, ‘why to do’,
‘when to do’, how to do’, etc. Thus, development
planning makes development activities organized and
goal-oriented.
 Federalism is based on decentralization of power.
Enough power is given to regional and local
governments for their administration and development.
They no longer have to derive power from the central
government which exercises limited greater powers
only. They design development plans and carry them
out. In other words, regional and local bodies are
autonomous in federalism. Autonomy encourages
public participation both in administrative mechanism
as well as development planning and implementations.
Class: 10 [Social Studies] 2nd Period 2073/01/31
4

5.  The current federal constitution of Nepal has clearly
distributed powers into three levels of government: federal
(national), provincial (autonomous regional) and local.
Government of towns and village (municipality and rural
municipality) are local government bodies. They have
tremendous legislative, executive and judicial powers. They
are authorized to identify the local needs and demands and
then plan and carry out development projects there.
Different committees of communities and stakeholders
make planning based on their needs and resource
conditions and in consultation with local people and submit
the same to the government authorities for approval. In this
course, they take various things into consideration:
identification of needs and demands, selection from
choices, proposal drafting for example as well as cost
estimation, public participation and resource availability and
affordability. Planning permission may be given after
evaluating upon the proposals submitted.
Class: 10 [Social Studies] 2nd Period 2073/01/31
5

6. 1. Identification of Needs: There are different needs at
local level. First of all, the planner should identify
these needs. For example, in one local body,
electricity might be the most important needs
whereas, it might be a school in other places.
2. Selection of a right option: There might be many
alternatives. Planners have to choose the most urgent
development projects form all which are felt
necessary. For example, construction of a bridge may
be more important than forest conservation.
3. Preparing a Drift: It includes introduction, objectives,
affected areas and number of families, estimated
investment, volunteer service, project site, initiation
date and period, resources, implementation, benefits,
roster of consumers committee, conclusion etc. The
draft thus produced is to the office of the rural
municipality or municipality.
Class: 10 [Social Studies] 2nd Period 2073/01/31
6

7. 4. Budget Source: The investment that can be collected
from the consumers and available from the local
sources help to prepare budget.
5. Agreement or Contract: Signing on the agreement or
contract reached between local consumers committee
and local government representatives. This is taken
to be the approval of the local government.
6. Implementation: The development project is carried
out.
7. Supervision and evaluation: Supervision and
evaluation are necessary for the effective
implementation of the project. They sound similar
but are different. Whereas monitoring goes on while
the project is running. It gives feedback if there are
some lapses when the project is running. Evaluation,
on the other hand, takes place after the project is
over.
Class: 10 [Social Studies] 2nd Period 2073/01/31
7

8. 1. Developing Public Relations: There are many stakeholders
of the development. They are related persons, local
consumers, committee, etc. Relation ship is built up with
them by means of interaction, discussion and so on.
2. Situation Analysis: description of the general state of
affairs affecting development, arising from the natural
resources, the human resources, and the progress
achieved from past development efforts that are
important for the future of the local government.
3. Prioritization of problem: The priority of the project is
determined by studying the required investment, available
resources, concern of the stakeholders and the solutions
of the problems.
4. Agreement on Project: agreement and contract stating
ownership of the community, contribution, partnership,
responsibility and work plan.
5. Documentation and Presentation: The plan is recorded
mentioning the plan formulation process, study of
achievements, development of monitoring mechanism, etc
Class: 10 [Social Studies] 2nd Period 2073/01/31
8

9. 1. Public Gathering/Civil Assembly/Consumer’s meeting
2. Collection of plans/planning accumulations
(Collection of plans/projects form wards, toles, etc,
with situation analysis and identification of needs)
3. Budgeting/Budget allocation
4. Submission to municipality or rural municipality for
approval
5. Formation of Consumer’s Committee
6. Agreement/contract for the implementation of the
project
7. Financial Management and Record after the
completion of the plans
8. Certificate of work Completion to Consumer’s
committee with thank
Class: 10 [Social Studies] 2nd Period 2073/01/31
9

10.  What do you mean by formulation of
development proposal
 Write any seven reasons why it is important to
ensure the involvement of the people of
affected areas in the formulation of plan.
Class: 10 [Social Studies] 2nd Period 2073/01/24
10

11. Class: 10 [Social Studies] 2nd Period 2073/01/2411