This document provides an overview of different data types and formats on the social web, including blogs, wikis, crowdsourcing, folksonomies, vocabularies, microformats, and schema. It discusses the history and characteristics of blogs, wikis, and crowdsourcing platforms. It also explains semantic data formats like FOAF, SIOC, activity streams, XFN, Open Graph, microformats, HTML microdata, schema.org, and RDFa that are used to represent social web data.
Lecture 2: Interactions, Frameworks, Privacy & Security on the Social Web (2014)Lora Aroyo
This is the second lecture in the Social Web course (2014) at the VU University Amsterdam. Visit the website for more information: http://thesocialweb2014.wordpress.com/
Lecture 1: Social Web Introduction (2014)Lora Aroyo
This is the first lecture in the Social Web course (2014) at the VU University Amsterdam. Visit the website for more information: http://thesocialweb2014.wordpress.com/
Lecture 3: Vocabularies & Data Formats on the Social Web (2014)Lora Aroyo
This is the third lecture in the Social Web course (2014) at the VU University Amsterdam. Visit the website for more information: http://thesocialweb2014.wordpress.com/
Lecture 5: Personalization on the Social Web (2014)Lora Aroyo
This is the fifth lecture in the Social Web course (2014) at the VU University Amsterdam. Visit the website for more information: http://thesocialweb2014.wordpress.com/
Web 2.0: Implications For The Cultural Heritage Sectorlisbk
Brian Kelly, UKOLN gave a talk on "Web 2.0: Implications For The Cultural Heritage Sector" at a seminar on "From Bits to Blogs - Taking the IT Revolution into Museums, Libraries and Archives" organised by MLA North East and held at Teesside University, Middlesbrough on 18 October 2006.
See http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/web-focus/events/seminars/mla-ne-2006-10/
This peresentation was given at the ARLIS "Caught in the web" seminar on 12 September 2008. It identifies issues and potential of Web 2.0 tools for educators, librarians and learners. Tools mentioned include microblogs, weblogs, social networking tools and virtual worlds.
Blogs, Wikis and more: Web 2.0 demystified for information professionalsMarieke Guy
Marieke Guy from UKOLN will help you find out how Web 2.0 applications are being used in libraries and information centres, and what actually works. Blogs, wikis, RSS? Podcasts, Slideshare, Flickr and del.icio.us? Social Networking, Social Bookmarking and Video Sharing are the buzz words.
UPDATE available at: http://www.slideshare.net/umhealthscienceslibraries/web-20-presentation-tool-resources-slidesshare-slidecast-zoho-show-thinkfree-mixcaster/
A brief introduction to using web 2.0 resources to enrich your professional presenting experiences, beginning with finding images, then moving into how use web 2.0 tools to facilitate education, hiring, professional presentations, and more.
Semantic Wiki: Social Semantic Web in UseJesse Wang
This is my invited talk on Semantic Wiki to the Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing at Fudan University in Shanghai during ASWC 2009 when I gave a similar tutorial on semantic mediawiki and applications.
Introduction To Facebook: Opportunities and Challenges For The Institutionlisbk
Slides used in a talk on "Introduction To Facebook: Opportunities and Challenges For The Institution" given by Brian Kelly, UKOLN at a meeting held at the University of Bath on 29 August 2007.
See http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/web-focus/events/meetings/bath-facebook-2007-08/
Breaking Down Walls in Enterprise with Social SemanticsJohn Breslin
Keynote Talk at the Workshop on New Trends in Service Oriented Architecture for massive Knowledge processing in Modern Enterprise (SOA-KME 2012) / Palermo, Italy / 6th July 2012
Lecture 2: Interactions, Frameworks, Privacy & Security on the Social Web (2014)Lora Aroyo
This is the second lecture in the Social Web course (2014) at the VU University Amsterdam. Visit the website for more information: http://thesocialweb2014.wordpress.com/
Lecture 1: Social Web Introduction (2014)Lora Aroyo
This is the first lecture in the Social Web course (2014) at the VU University Amsterdam. Visit the website for more information: http://thesocialweb2014.wordpress.com/
Lecture 3: Vocabularies & Data Formats on the Social Web (2014)Lora Aroyo
This is the third lecture in the Social Web course (2014) at the VU University Amsterdam. Visit the website for more information: http://thesocialweb2014.wordpress.com/
Lecture 5: Personalization on the Social Web (2014)Lora Aroyo
This is the fifth lecture in the Social Web course (2014) at the VU University Amsterdam. Visit the website for more information: http://thesocialweb2014.wordpress.com/
Web 2.0: Implications For The Cultural Heritage Sectorlisbk
Brian Kelly, UKOLN gave a talk on "Web 2.0: Implications For The Cultural Heritage Sector" at a seminar on "From Bits to Blogs - Taking the IT Revolution into Museums, Libraries and Archives" organised by MLA North East and held at Teesside University, Middlesbrough on 18 October 2006.
See http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/web-focus/events/seminars/mla-ne-2006-10/
This peresentation was given at the ARLIS "Caught in the web" seminar on 12 September 2008. It identifies issues and potential of Web 2.0 tools for educators, librarians and learners. Tools mentioned include microblogs, weblogs, social networking tools and virtual worlds.
Blogs, Wikis and more: Web 2.0 demystified for information professionalsMarieke Guy
Marieke Guy from UKOLN will help you find out how Web 2.0 applications are being used in libraries and information centres, and what actually works. Blogs, wikis, RSS? Podcasts, Slideshare, Flickr and del.icio.us? Social Networking, Social Bookmarking and Video Sharing are the buzz words.
UPDATE available at: http://www.slideshare.net/umhealthscienceslibraries/web-20-presentation-tool-resources-slidesshare-slidecast-zoho-show-thinkfree-mixcaster/
A brief introduction to using web 2.0 resources to enrich your professional presenting experiences, beginning with finding images, then moving into how use web 2.0 tools to facilitate education, hiring, professional presentations, and more.
Semantic Wiki: Social Semantic Web in UseJesse Wang
This is my invited talk on Semantic Wiki to the Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing at Fudan University in Shanghai during ASWC 2009 when I gave a similar tutorial on semantic mediawiki and applications.
Introduction To Facebook: Opportunities and Challenges For The Institutionlisbk
Slides used in a talk on "Introduction To Facebook: Opportunities and Challenges For The Institution" given by Brian Kelly, UKOLN at a meeting held at the University of Bath on 29 August 2007.
See http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/web-focus/events/meetings/bath-facebook-2007-08/
Breaking Down Walls in Enterprise with Social SemanticsJohn Breslin
Keynote Talk at the Workshop on New Trends in Service Oriented Architecture for massive Knowledge processing in Modern Enterprise (SOA-KME 2012) / Palermo, Italy / 6th July 2012
Social Web lecture for Matching dag IMM 2016Victor de Boer
Social Web lecture for Matching dag IMM 2016. With input from Davide Ceolin, Lora Aroyo.
Hands on session instructions can be found here: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1XW4UBr_dZeejI2Rp8T4tHaDxNrGsu4xxlVJh91s2AGM/edit#heading=h.jel9otx51ed
Blogs, Wikis and more: Web 2.0 demystified for learning and teaching profess...Marieke Guy
Presentation (Blogs, Wikis and more: Web 2.0 demystified for learning and teaching professionals) given by Marieke Guy, UKOLN at Eastern RSC event: on Wednesday 25th February from 11:00 - 12:00 .
Connecting Intelligent Content with Micropublishing and BeyondDon Day
This presentation will describe and demonstrate a grand unified vision for pulling together different kinds of single-page products for the Web, for print, and more. Lessons from this model can give you an edge in market-leading adoption of the next great thing after micropublishing, the current trend.
The convergence of Publishing and the WebIvan Herman
Presentation given at the Markup Forum in Stuttgart, in November 2015, on the convergence between digital publishing and Web technologies. A vision of a world where (Digital) Publishing is not as disjoint from the Web as it is today, when the separation between publishing "online", as web sites, and "offline" and/or packaged is diminished to zero.
The Rijksmuseum Collection as Linked DataLora Aroyo
Presentation at ISWC2018: http://iswc2018.semanticweb.org/sessions/the-rijksmuseum-collection-as-linked-data/ of our paper published originally in the Semantic Web Journal: http://www.semantic-web-journal.net/content/rijksmuseum-collection-linked-data-2
Many museums are currently providing online access to their collections. The state of the art research in the last decade shows that it is beneficial for institutions to provide their datasets as Linked Data in order to achieve easy cross-referencing, interlinking and integration. In this paper, we present the Rijksmuseum linked dataset (accessible at http://datahub.io/dataset/rijksmuseum), along with collection and vocabulary statistics, as well as lessons learned from the process of converting the collection to Linked Data. The version of March 2016 contains over 350,000 objects, including detailed descriptions and high-quality images released under a public domain license.
FAIRview: Responsible Video Summarization @NYCML'18Lora Aroyo
Presentation at the NYC Media Lab (NYCML2018). There is a growing demand for news videos online, with more consumers preferring to watch the news than read or listen to it. On the publisher side, there is a growing effort to use video summarization technology in order to create easy-to-consume previews (trailers) for different types of broadcast programs. How can we measure the quality of video summaries and their potential to misinform? This workshop will inform participants about automatic video summarization algorithms and how to produce more “representative” video summaries. The research presented is from the FAIRview project and is supported by the Digital News Innovation Fund (DNI Fund), which is part of the Google News Initiative.
DH Benelux 2017 Panel: A Pragmatic Approach to Understanding and Utilising Ev...Lora Aroyo
Lora Aroyo, Chiel van den Akker, Marnix van Berchum, Lodewijk
Petram, Gerard Kuys, Tommaso Caselli, Jacco van Ossenbruggen, Victor de Boer, Sabrina Sauer, Berber Hagedoorn
Crowdsourcing ambiguity aware ground truth - collective intelligence 2017Lora Aroyo
The process of gathering ground truth data through human annotation is a major bottleneck in the use of information extraction methods. Crowdsourcing-based approaches are gaining popularity in the attempt to solve the issues related to the volume of data and lack of annotators. Typically these practices use inter-annotator agreement as a measure of quality. However, this assumption often creates issues in practice. Previous experiments we performed found that inter-annotator disagreement is usually never captured, either because the number of annotators is too small to capture the full diversity of opinion, or because the crowd data is aggregated with metrics that enforce consensus, such as majority vote. These practices create artificial data that is neither general nor reflects the ambiguity inherent in the data.
To address these issues, we proposed the method for crowdsourcing ground truth by harnessing inter-annotator disagreement. We present an alternative approach for crowdsourcing ground truth data that, instead of enforcing an agreement between annotators, captures the ambiguity inherent in semantic annotation through the use of disagreement-aware metrics for aggregating crowdsourcing responses. Based on this principle, we have implemented the CrowdTruth framework for machine-human computation, that first introduced the disagreement-aware metrics and built a pipeline to process crowdsourcing data with these metrics.
In this paper, we apply the CrowdTruth methodology to collect data over a set of diverse tasks: medical relation extraction, Twitter event identification, news event extraction and sound interpretation. We prove that capturing disagreement is essential for acquiring a high-quality ground truth. We achieve this by comparing the quality of the data aggregated with CrowdTruth metrics with a majority vote, a method which enforces consensus among annotators. By applying our analysis over a set of diverse tasks we show that, even though ambiguity manifests differently depending on the task, our theory of inter-annotator disagreement as a property of ambiguity is generalizable.
My ESWC 2017 keynote: Disrupting the Semantic Comfort ZoneLora Aroyo
Ambiguity in interpreting signs is not a new idea, yet the vast majority of research in machine interpretation of signals such as speech, language, images, video, audio, etc., tend to ignore ambiguity. This is evidenced by the fact that metrics for quality of machine understanding rely on a ground truth, in which each instance (a sentence, a photo, a sound clip, etc) is assigned a discrete label, or set of labels, and the machine’s prediction for that instance is compared to the label to determine if it is correct. This determination yields the familiar precision, recall, accuracy, and f-measure metrics, but clearly presupposes that this determination can be made. CrowdTruth is a form of collective intelligence based on a vector representation that accommodates diverse interpretation perspectives and encourages human annotators to disagree with each other, in order to expose latent elements such as ambiguity and worker quality. In other words, CrowdTruth assumes that when annotators disagree on how to label an example, it is because the example is ambiguous, the worker isn’t doing the right thing, or the task itself is not clear. In previous work on CrowdTruth, the focus was on how the disagreement signals from low quality workers and from unclear tasks can be isolated. Recently, we observed that disagreement can also signal ambiguity. The basic hypothesis is that, if workers disagree on the correct label for an example, then it will be more difficult for a machine to classify that example. The elaborate data analysis to determine if the source of the disagreement is ambiguity supports our intuition that low clarity signals ambiguity, while high clarity sentences quite obviously express one or more of the target relations. In this talk I will share the experiences and lessons learned on the path to understanding diversity in human interpretation and the ways to capture it as ground truth to enable machines to deal with such diversity.
Data Science with Human in the Loop @Faculty of Science #Leiden UniversityLora Aroyo
Software systems are becoming ever more intelligent and more useful, but the way we interact with these machines too often reveals that they don’t actually understand people. Knowledge Representation and Semantic Web focus on the scientific challenges involved in providing human knowledge in machine-readable form. However, we observe that various types of human knowledge cannot yet be captured by machines, especially when dealing with wide ranges of real-world tasks and contexts. The key scientific challenge is to provide an approach to capturing human knowledge in a way that is scalable and adequate to real-world needs. Human Computation has begun to scientifically study how human intelligence at scale can be used to methodologically improve machine-based knowledge and data management. My research is focusing on understanding human computation for improving how machine-based systems can acquire, capture and harness human knowledge and thus become even more intelligent. In this talk I will show how the CrowdTruth framework (http://crowdtruth.org) facilitates data collection, processing and analytics of human computation knowledge.
Some project links:
- http://controcurator.org/
- http://crowdtruth.org/
- http://diveproject.beeldengeluid.nl/
- http://vu-amsterdam-web-media-group.github.io/linkflows/
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
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Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
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Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
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Lecture3: What is the DATA on the Social Web (VU Amsterdam Social Web Course)
1. Lecture III: What DATA looks like on the Social Web?
Davide Ceolin and Lora Aroyo
The Network Institute
VU University Amsterdam
Social Web
2015
Social Web 2015, Lora Aroyo and Davide Ceolin
2. Assignment 1: Q& A
• Your own vision based on your analysis of what are the prime privacy-
related issues & initiatives on the (Social) Web.
• Summarise all the legal contexts for privacy & ownership.
• Compare initiatives according to their advantages & disadvantages.
Include also your own advise to policy makers (position).
• Use all the mind maps from lecture 1 and 2.You can merge everything
into one mind map for this assignment.
• Write for people who didn’t attend the course
• All visuals, e.g. screenshots, diagrams should be included in appendix
• Submit only 1 file in PDF
Social Web 2015, Lora Aroyo and Davide Ceolin
3. History of Blogs
• evolved from online diaries in 1980’s
• ‘weblog’ Jorn Barger (1997) & ‘BLOG’ Peter Merholz (1999)
• one of the first ways to contribute (unstructured user-
generated) content on the Web
• Justin Hall recognized as pioneer blogger (1994)
• Nature: political, technical, art, journalistic, cultural, personal
• Software: WordPress, Blogger, LifeJournal
Social Web 2015, Lora Aroyo and Davide Ceolin
4. • single- or multi-authored
• photo-blog,Video-blog, Audio-blog
• life (b)log, now - microlifeblog (twitter)
• lifecasting: in 2007 by Justin Kan: webcam on a cap
• Gordon Bell MyLifeBits: Microsoft SenseCam http://www.justin.tv/
http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/projects/mylifebits/
Types of Blogs
Social Web 2015, Lora Aroyo and Davide Ceolin
5. http://www.flickr.com/photos/kables/1220574200/
• Wiki in Hawaiian meaning fast/quick
• "the simplest online database that could possibly work" (Ward Cunningham)1995
• first wiki software: WikiWikiWeb (the QuickWeb)
• first example for a large scale collaborative editing = software + process
• commonly implemented software package is MediaWiki (known from Wikipedia)
• pages structure & formatting: simplified markup language - wikitext, or HTMLtags,
WYSIWYG editing
Wikis
http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?WikiWikiWeb
Social Web 2015, Lora Aroyo and Davide Ceolin
7. Exploiting the crowd
• in wiki applications crowd contributes with collective
intelligence (primarily textual)
• later also other media & recourses emerged, e.g., photo
video, music
• crowdsourcing
Social Web 2015, Lora Aroyo and Davide Ceolin
8. Mechanical Turk
• 1760 Wolfgang von Kempelen: TheTurk
• 2005 Amazon: Amazon MechanicalTurk
• marketplace for work; people perform tasks
computers are lousy at, e.g. identifying items in
a photo/video, writing product descriptions,
transcribing podcasts
• HITs = human intelligence tasks
• require little time & offer little compensation
• workers & requesters
Social Web 2015, Lora Aroyo and Davide Ceolin
12. Was the $ million Netflix prize a victory for
crowdsourcing?
Social Web 2015, Lora Aroyo and Davide Ceolin
13. Folksonomy
• On the social web the user-generated content is organized in
light-weight ontologies, i.e., folksonomies
• Community-based semantics = a relationship between Users,Tags
& Resources
• user-created, bottom-up classification/categorization of
(domain) terms / user-labels, e.g., tags
• tagging = the social process where lay users attach labels to
resources (as opposed to annotation by professional experts)
Social Web 2015, Lora Aroyo and Davide Ceolin
16. • cleaning messy data
• transforming data from one format to another
• fetching missing data
Social Web 2015, Lora Aroyo and Davide Ceolin
17. Question?
How critical is the quality of the data on theWeb?
Does structured mark-up help?
How do we measure the quality?
Social Web 2015, Lora Aroyo and Davide Ceolin
19. Vocabularies on the (Social)
Web
• to create interfaces or exchange data between applications
the software needs to know the terms in the data
• vocabularies define set of terms in a certain domain, e.g.,
describing people, relationships, content of different type
Social Web 2015, Lora Aroyo and Davide Ceolin
20.
21. FOAF
• FOAF = Friend of a Friend, http://www.foaf-
project.org/,
• a machine-readable ontology describing persons, their
activities & their relations to other people and objects
• an open, decentralized technology for connecting social
Web sites, & the people they describe
• Since mid-2000
• Stable core of classes & properties
• New terms may be added at any time
• FOAF RDF namespace URI is fixed
• http://xmlns.com/foaf/spec/
• model for publishing simple factual data
via a networked of linked RDF
documents
• FOAF is an attempt to use the Web to:
• integrate factual information with
information in human-oriented
documents (e.g. videos, books,
spreadsheets, 3d models)
• and info that is still in people's
heads
• linking networks of information with
networks of people
Linked Data & FOAF
Social Web 2014, Lora Aroyo!
22. FOAF Example
• there is a foaf:Person
• with a foaf:name property of 'Dan Brickley'
• in foaf:homepage and foaf:openid relationships to a thing called http://danbri.org/
• in foaf:img relationship to a thing referenced by a relative URI of /images/me.jpg
Create your own FOAF file: http://www.ldodds.com/foaf/foaf-a-matic
Social Web 2015, Lora Aroyo and Davide Ceolin
24. FOAF Auto-Discovery
• If you publish a FOAF self-description (e.g. using
foaf-a-matic) you can make it easier for tools to
find your FOAF by putting markup in the head of
your HTML homepage
• Common filename foaf.rdf is a common choice
Social Web 2015, Lora Aroyo and Davide Ceolin
25. SIOC
• Semantically-Interlinked Online Communities
• ontology for representing rich data from Social Web in RDF
• a standard way for expressing user-generated content
• methods for interconnecting discussions, e.g., blogs, forums & mailing lists; and
enable the integration of online community information
• used in conjunction with FOAF vocabulary for expressing personal profile &
social networking information
• http://sioc-project.org/
Social Web 2015, Lora Aroyo and Davide Ceolin
26. <sioc:Post rdf:about="http://jbreslin.com/blog/2006/09/07/creating-connections">
<dc:title>Creating connections between discussion clouds with SIOC</dc:title>
<dcterms:created>2006-09-07T09:33:30Z</dcterms:created>
<sioc:has_container rdf:resource="http://jbreslin.com/blog/index.php?sioc_type=site#weblog"/>
<sioc:has_creator>
<sioc:UserAccount rdf:about="http://jbreslin.com/blog/author/cloud/" rdfs:label="Cloud">
<rdfs:seeAlso rdf:resource="http://jbreslin.com/blog/index.php?sioc_type=user&sioc_id=1"/>
</sioc:UserAccount>
</sioc:has_creator>
<foaf:maker rdf:resource="http://jbreslin.com/blog/author/cloud/#foaf"/>
<sioc:content>SIOC provides a unified vocabulary for content and interaction description: a semantic la
that can co-exist with existing discussion platforms.
</sioc:content>
<sioc:topic rdfs:label="Semantic Web" rdf:resource="http://jbreslin.com/blog/category/semantic-web/"/>
<sioc:topic rdfs:label="Blogs" rdf:resource="http://jbreslin.com/blog/category/blogs/"/>
<sioc:has_reply>
<sioc:Post rdf:about="http://jbreslin.com/blog/2006/09/07/creating-connections/#comment-123928">
<rdfs:seeAlso rdf:resource="http://johnbreslin.com/blog/index.php?
sioc_type=comment&sioc_id=123928"/>
</sioc:Post>
</sioc:has_reply>
</sioc:Post>
• A post (1) titled "Creating connections between discussion clouds with SIOC" (2) created at
09:33:30 on 2006-09-07 (3) written by user "Cloud" (4) on topics "Blogs" and "Semantic Web"
(5) with contents described in sioc:content.
• (6) More information about its author at http://johnbreslin.com/blog/index.php?
sioc_type=user&sioc_id=1
• The post has (7) a reply and (8) detailed SIOC information about this reply can be found at
http://johnbreslin.com/blog/index.php?
sioc_type=comment&sioc_id=123928
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
7
Social Web 2015, Lora Aroyo and Davide Ceolin
29. Activity Streams
• A list of recent activities performed by someone on a website
• Example: Facebook News Feed
• Activity Streams project aims at an activity stream protocol to
syndicate activities across socialWeb applications
• Major websites with activity stream implementations have
already opened up their activity streams to developers to use, e.g.,
Facebook and MySpace
• http://activitystrea.ms/
Social Web 2015, Lora Aroyo and Davide Ceolin
30. Activity Streams
Specification
• an actor, a verb, an object and a target
• person performing an action on/with an object
• Geraldine posted a photo to her album
• John shared a video
• activity metadata to present to a user in a rich human-friendly format, e.g.
constructing readable sentences about the activity that occurred, visual
representations of the activity, or combining similar activities for display
• Activities are serialized using the JSON format
• There is also an ATOM-oriented specification
Social Web 2015, Lora Aroyo and Davide Ceolin
31. Verbs, Objects, Mapping
Verbs Objects
http://wiki.activitystrea.ms/w/page/1359319/Verb%20Mapping
Social Web 2015, Lora Aroyo and Davide Ceolin
32. XFN
• Xhtml Friends Network
• defining a small set of values that describe personal relationships
In HTML and XHTML, these are given as values for rel attribute on a hyperlink. XFN
allows authors to indicate which weblogs belong to friends, whom they've physically met,
and other personal relationships. XFN values allow to humanize blogrolls and link pages.
• using XFN can easily style all links of a particular type, e.g, friends could be
boldfaced, co-workers italicized, etc.
• http://gmpg.org/xfn/
Social Web 2015, Lora Aroyo and Davide Ceolin
33. XFN Example
• Joe has a set of five links in his blogroll: his girlfriend Jane; his
friends Dave and Darryl; industry expert James, who Joe briefly
met once at a conference; and MetaFilter.
• MetaFilter gets no value since it is not an actual person
http://gmpg.org/xfn/introSocial Web 2015, Lora Aroyo and Davide Ceolin
34. Open Graph
• protocol originally developed in Facebook,“Like” button
• enables web pages to become a rich object in a social graph, i.e. any web
page to have the same functionality as any other object on Facebook
• prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#" specifies the OGP vocabulary
Social Web 2015, Lora Aroyo and Davide Ceolin
35. Microformats
• simple, open data formats built upon existing widely adopted standards
• Designed for humans first & machines second
• Highly correlated with semantic XHTML (aka the real world semantics,
lowercase semantic web, lossless XHTML)
• “An evolutionary revolution”, by ryan king
Social Web 2014, Lora Aroyo!Social Web 2015, Lora Aroyo and Davide Ceolin
36. Your first microformat
• You can put a microformat on your website in less than 5 mins
• Example: putting an hCard (online business card) on your site
http://microformats.org/get-started
1. Find your name somewhere on your website
2. Wrap your name in an fn (formatted name)
<span class="fn">Jamie Jones</span>
3. Wrap it all in a vcard (declares that everything inside is the hCard microformat):
<span class="vcard"><span class="fn">Jamie Jones</span></span>
<address class="vcard"><span class="fn">Jamie Jones</span></address>
The address element indicates that the person in the hCard is the contact for the page
<p class="vcard">My name is <span class="fn">Jamie Jones</span> I dig
microformats!</p>
Social Web 2014, Lora Aroyo!
37. HTML Microdata
• allows machine-readable data to be embedded in HTML documents in an easy-
to-write manner, with an unambiguous parsing model
• compatible with numerous data formats, including RDF and JSON
• consists of a group of name-value pairs.
the groups are called items, and each name-value pair is a property
• itemscope is used to create an item
• itemprop is used to add a property to an item
• Microdata DOM API
• http://www.w3.org/TR/microdata/
Social Web 2015, Lora Aroyo and Davide Ceolin
38. schema.org
• Google,Yahoo!, Bing
• a common vocabulary for
structured data markup on web
pages
• improve how sites appear in major
search engines
• Google rich snippets of reviews,
people, recipes, events in 2005
• superseded Microformats
Social Web 2015, Lora Aroyo and Davide Ceolin
39. Add schema.org to
HTML using Microdata
<div>
<h1>Avatar</h1>
<span>Director: James Cameron (born August 16, 1954)</span>
<span>Science fiction</span>
<a href="../movies/avatar-theatrical-trailer.html">Trailer</a>
</div>
<div itemscope itemtype ="http://schema.org/Movie">
<h1 itemprop="name"&g;Avatar</h1>
<div itemprop="director" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person">
Director: <span itemprop="name">James Cameron</span> (born <span
itemprop="birthDate">August 16, 1954)</span>
</div>
<span itemprop="genre">Science fiction</span>
<a href="../movies/avatar-theatrical-trailer.html" itemprop="trailer">Trailer</a>
</div>
Social Web 2015, Lora Aroyo and Davide Ceolin
40. RDFa
• another syntax for RDF
• HTML5 extension for People, Places, Events, Recipes, Reviews markup
specify that a text is the name of a product, or person, or event = “adding semantic markup”.
• RDFa 1.1 = specified for XHTML and HTML5 (for any XML-based language, e.g., SVG)
• RDFa Lite = “a small subset of RDFa consisting of a few attributes that may be applied to most
simple to moderate structured data markup tasks.”
• Publish your data as Linked Data through RDFa --> link to other URIs (others can link to your
HTML+RDFa)
http://rdfa.info/play/
Social Web 2015, Lora Aroyo and Davide Ceolin
41. Quick Structured Data for
Your website
Social Web 2015, Lora Aroyo and Davide Ceolin
42.
43. Knowledge
Graph
• graph that understands real-world entities
and their relationships to one another:
things, not strings
• more than 500 million things
• more than 3.5 billion facts about and
relationships between these different
things
• tuned based on what people search for
• http://www.google.com/insidesearch/
features/search/knowledge.html
results in 2013
Social Web 2015, Lora Aroyo and Davide Ceolin
48. Question?
For which things on the social web would more
vocabularies for embedded semantics be needed
(besides what we have already seen)?
Social Web 2015, Lora Aroyo and Davide Ceolin
49. image source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/bionicteaching/1375254387/
Hands-on Teaser
• mining data in various social web formats
• see the differences in what each of the formats can
contain & what purpose they serve
• start: simple search where we pull in some XFN data and
visualise a graph of people that we find on a website
• check: software you will be working with on the website
Social Web 2015, Lora Aroyo and Davide Ceolin