This document provides an overview of linked open data in libraries, archives, and museums. It defines linked open data and open cultural data, and discusses their importance in enabling connections and collaboration. The history and role of communities in advancing open cultural data initiatives are described. Key events like the LODLAM summits that brought the community together are summarized. The document promotes open data standards and licensing to realize the full potential of linked open cultural data.
American Art Collaborative Linked Open Data presentation to "The Networked Cu...American Art Collaborative
An August 2017 presentation by Eleanor Fink to "The Networked Curator: Association of Art Museum Curators Foundation Digital Literacy Workshop for Art Curators"
opening new doors: recent initiatives in open data at National Library of Sco...Gill Hamilton
Presentation given at IFLA 2012 (Helsinki) on National Library of Scotland's low cost initiatives and developments with open data and linked open data. Includes loading of data and resources to Flickr and Youtube. Work with Open Knowledge Foundation on how to publish open data. Licensing open data as CC.0. Work with freeyourmetadata.org to learn how to use Google Refine for URI resolution. Work with Metadata Management Asssociates to model structure of the Library's Digital Object Database as RDF.
IFLA LIDASIG Open Session 2017: Introduction to Linked DataLars G. Svensson
At the IFLA Linked Data Special Interest Group open session in Wroclaw we briefly introduced the mission of the SIG and then went on to a brief introduction to what linked data is and why that topic is important to libraries.
The presentation was held jointly by Astrid Verheusen (general introduction to the SIG) and Lars G. Svensson (introduction to Linked Data)
American Art Collaborative Linked Open Data presentation to "The Networked Cu...American Art Collaborative
An August 2017 presentation by Eleanor Fink to "The Networked Curator: Association of Art Museum Curators Foundation Digital Literacy Workshop for Art Curators"
opening new doors: recent initiatives in open data at National Library of Sco...Gill Hamilton
Presentation given at IFLA 2012 (Helsinki) on National Library of Scotland's low cost initiatives and developments with open data and linked open data. Includes loading of data and resources to Flickr and Youtube. Work with Open Knowledge Foundation on how to publish open data. Licensing open data as CC.0. Work with freeyourmetadata.org to learn how to use Google Refine for URI resolution. Work with Metadata Management Asssociates to model structure of the Library's Digital Object Database as RDF.
IFLA LIDASIG Open Session 2017: Introduction to Linked DataLars G. Svensson
At the IFLA Linked Data Special Interest Group open session in Wroclaw we briefly introduced the mission of the SIG and then went on to a brief introduction to what linked data is and why that topic is important to libraries.
The presentation was held jointly by Astrid Verheusen (general introduction to the SIG) and Lars G. Svensson (introduction to Linked Data)
A presentation by Daniel Lewis of the Open Knowledge Foundation.
Delivered at the Cataloguing and Indexing Group Scotland (CIGS) Linked Open Data (LOD) Conference which took place Fri 21 September 2012 at the Edinburgh Centre for Carbon Innovation.
Envisioning Social Applications of Library Linked DataUldis Bojars
This talk discusses two streams of innovation on the Web--the Social Web and Linked Data--and explains how bringing them together can move library services to the 21st century.
The core of the presentation will look at a few of the envisioned social use cases for library linked data: Social Annotation, Peer-to-Peer Bookswapping and Social Recommendations.
The goal is to create interest in combining new technologies and to start a discussion about how to bring these and similar use cases to fruition.
Presented at the ELAG-2012 conference: http://www.elag2012.com/
Professional Forum:
Eleanor Fink, American Art Collaborative, USA, Shane Richey, Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art, USA, Jeremy Tubbs, Indianapolis Museum of Art, USA, Rebecca Menendez, Autry Museum of the American West, USA, Cathryn Goodwin, Princeton University, USA
Last year the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation awarded a planning grant to the American Art Collaborative (AAC), a consortium of thirteen U.S. museums who have come together to learn about and implement LOD within their respective museums. Under the grant AAC developed a road map for the Initiative that will test LOD reconciliation issues, develop production and reconciliation tools, and result in the publication of American art holdings as LOD for researchers, educators, general public, aggregators such as DPLA, ResearchSpace, and digital application developers. The road map also includes publication of best practices and guidelines to share with the broader museum community.
In September 2015, AAC member Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art received on behalf of AAC, an IMLS National leadership grant and plans for additional grants are underway. These grants are allowing AAC to convert data to LOD using the CIDOC CRM, link to the Getty Vocabularies as well as contribute missing names to enhance the vocabularies, and implement an API and reader compliant with the International Image Interoperability Framework (IIIF) that will allow researchers to compare and contrast AAC LOD. Several open source tools including a link curation tool and IIIF/CRM translator will be developed and made available for other museums. AAC is developing its LOD under a federated model whereby each AAC member assumes responsibility for updating and maintaining its own data.
The session will bring together representatives from large as well as small AAC partners to discuss the benefits of LOD, some of the lessons learned and challenging documentation issues AAC is facing.
Bibliography:
American Alliance of Museums (Museum July/August 2016 Beyond the Hyperlink: Linked Open Data creates new opportunities;
http://www.club-innovation-culture.fr/emmanuelle-delmas-glass-yale-center-for-british-art-si-les-musees-ne-choisissent-pas-lopen-content-ils-deviendront-invisibles-et-inutiles/
AAC Linked Data Planning: Perspectives and ConsiderationsDesign for Context
Overview of considerations for creating, publishing, managing, and using linked data in a cultural heritage context. Presented to the American Art Collaborative partners on 15th January 2015.
A presentation by Daniel Lewis of the Open Knowledge Foundation.
Delivered at the Cataloguing and Indexing Group Scotland (CIGS) Linked Open Data (LOD) Conference which took place Fri 21 September 2012 at the Edinburgh Centre for Carbon Innovation.
Envisioning Social Applications of Library Linked DataUldis Bojars
This talk discusses two streams of innovation on the Web--the Social Web and Linked Data--and explains how bringing them together can move library services to the 21st century.
The core of the presentation will look at a few of the envisioned social use cases for library linked data: Social Annotation, Peer-to-Peer Bookswapping and Social Recommendations.
The goal is to create interest in combining new technologies and to start a discussion about how to bring these and similar use cases to fruition.
Presented at the ELAG-2012 conference: http://www.elag2012.com/
Professional Forum:
Eleanor Fink, American Art Collaborative, USA, Shane Richey, Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art, USA, Jeremy Tubbs, Indianapolis Museum of Art, USA, Rebecca Menendez, Autry Museum of the American West, USA, Cathryn Goodwin, Princeton University, USA
Last year the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation awarded a planning grant to the American Art Collaborative (AAC), a consortium of thirteen U.S. museums who have come together to learn about and implement LOD within their respective museums. Under the grant AAC developed a road map for the Initiative that will test LOD reconciliation issues, develop production and reconciliation tools, and result in the publication of American art holdings as LOD for researchers, educators, general public, aggregators such as DPLA, ResearchSpace, and digital application developers. The road map also includes publication of best practices and guidelines to share with the broader museum community.
In September 2015, AAC member Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art received on behalf of AAC, an IMLS National leadership grant and plans for additional grants are underway. These grants are allowing AAC to convert data to LOD using the CIDOC CRM, link to the Getty Vocabularies as well as contribute missing names to enhance the vocabularies, and implement an API and reader compliant with the International Image Interoperability Framework (IIIF) that will allow researchers to compare and contrast AAC LOD. Several open source tools including a link curation tool and IIIF/CRM translator will be developed and made available for other museums. AAC is developing its LOD under a federated model whereby each AAC member assumes responsibility for updating and maintaining its own data.
The session will bring together representatives from large as well as small AAC partners to discuss the benefits of LOD, some of the lessons learned and challenging documentation issues AAC is facing.
Bibliography:
American Alliance of Museums (Museum July/August 2016 Beyond the Hyperlink: Linked Open Data creates new opportunities;
http://www.club-innovation-culture.fr/emmanuelle-delmas-glass-yale-center-for-british-art-si-les-musees-ne-choisissent-pas-lopen-content-ils-deviendront-invisibles-et-inutiles/
AAC Linked Data Planning: Perspectives and ConsiderationsDesign for Context
Overview of considerations for creating, publishing, managing, and using linked data in a cultural heritage context. Presented to the American Art Collaborative partners on 15th January 2015.
30 Day Challenge Introductory PresentationJanet McNichol
Introductory presentation given by Cindy Mann for our 30 Day Mediterranean Lifestyle Challenge. Includes a brief description of the three waves, power foods, etc...
Breaking Down Walls in Enterprise with Social SemanticsJohn Breslin
Keynote Talk at the Workshop on New Trends in Service Oriented Architecture for massive Knowledge processing in Modern Enterprise (SOA-KME 2012) / Palermo, Italy / 6th July 2012
About the Webinar
The library and cultural institution communities have generally accepted the vision of moving to a Linked Data environment that will align and integrate their resources with those of the greater Semantic Web. But moving from vision to implementation is not easy or well-understood. A number of institutions have begun the needed infrastructure and tools development with pilot projects to provide structured data in support of discovery and navigation services for their collections and resources.
Join NISO for this webinar where speakers will highlight actual Linked Data projects within their institutions—from envisioning the model to implementation and lessons learned—and present their thoughts on how linked data benefits research, scholarly communications, and publishing.
Speakers:
Jon Voss - Strategic Partnerships Director, We Are What We Do
LODLAM + Historypin: A Collaborative Global Community
Matt Miller - Front End Developer, NYPL Labs at the New York Public Library
The Linked Jazz Project: Revealing the Relationships of the Jazz Community
Cory Lampert - Head, Digital Collections , UNLV University Libraries
Silvia Southwick - Digital Collections Metadata Librarian, UNLV University Libraries
Linked Data Demystified: The UNLV Linked Data Project
Cultural heritage organizations are collaborating with community partners to tell history in innovative and interactive ways.
How do we design workflows to capture community content, how can we share content “sustainably”, and why does it matter? This session will focus on best practices for gathering community contributions whether you’re collaborating in a physical space or virtually. We’ll share some “lessons learned” on working with cultural heritage data.
This paper surveys the landscape of linked open data projects in cultural heritage, exam- ining the work of groups from around the world. Traditionally, linked open data has been ranked using the five star method proposed by Tim Berners-Lee. We found this ranking to be lacking when evaluating how cultural heritage groups not merely develop linked open datasets, but find ways to used linked data to augment user experience. Building on the five-star method, we developed a six-stage life cycle describing both dataset development and dataset usage. We use this framework to describe and evaluate fifteen linked open data projects in the realm of cultural heritage.
The Wellcome Trust is examining the possibility of a cloud platform for the storage and delivery of digitised artefacts. This platform is intended for the Trust's own use as well as others. A version of this presentation with embedded notes and video can be viewed on Google docs: http://bit.ly/1GRKqN4 or PowerPoint online: http://bit.ly/1CwGsrE
1. Global communities and open
cultural data: towards linked open
data in libraries, archives and
museums
Mia Ridge
Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
October 2012
3. Outline
• What problems can linked open data solve?
• Definitions
• Why is open cultural data important?
• History of open cultural data and role of
communities
4. ‘James Cook’ = maritime explorer?
• Computers are think in strings, people think in
‘things’.
• ‘James Cook’ == ‘Captain Cook’? Only if you’re
human.
• Linking both to
http://dbpedia.org/page/James_Cook helps a
computer know who you mean
5. Types of data
• Metadata: who, what, where, when, material,
size, location - the basic ‘tombstone’ data
• Data: the full collections record including
descriptions, interpretive themes, narratives,
etc
• Digital surrogates: e.g. images of the object,
transcribed text of book or document, 3D
printer files, etc
6. APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) are a way for
one machine to talk to another:
‘Hi Bob, I’d like a list of objects from you, and hey, Alice,
could you draw me a timeline to put the objects on?’
7. ‘open’
• Open data is freely available for use and
redistribution by anyone for any purpose
– Licensors might require attribution
– Licensors might require users to re-share under
the same licence
8. Open licences
• Attribution: 'You must attribute the work in the
manner specified by the author or licensor (but not in
any way that suggests that they endorse you or your
use of the work)’.
• Sharealike: 'If you alter, transform, or build upon this
work, you may distribute the resulting work only under
the same or similar license to this one.’
• Non-commercial: prohibits uses that are ‘primarily
intended for or directed toward commercial advantage
or private monetary compensation’.
• No derivatives: 'You may not alter, transform, or build
upon this work.’
9. Linked data
• “data published on the Web in such a way that
it is machine-readable, its meaning is explicitly
defined, it is linked to other external data sets,
and can in turn be linked to from external data
sets”.
Source: ‘Linked Data - The Story So Far’
10. 5 stars
make your stuff available on the web
★
(whatever format)
make it available as structured data (e.g.
★★
excel instead of image scan of a table)
non-proprietary format (e.g. csv instead
★★★
of excel)
use URLs to identify things, so that
★★★★
people can point at your stuff
link your data to other people’s data to
★★★★★
provide context
15. What is linked open data?
• ‘data or metadata made freely available on
the World Wide Web with a standard markup
format’
– linked (and linkable): technical requirements
– open: licencing requirements
• Enabling connections and collaboration
through interoperability
16. Open cultural data
• Data from cultural institutions that is made
available for use in a machine-readable format
under an open licence.
• Linkable: if published at a permanent URL, can
be linked to from other projects
• Partial data releases e.g. low-resolution
images, metadata-o nly releases
17. Why is open cultural data important?
• Helps achieve organisational goals, mission
• Can vastly increase access to content
• Can vastly increase engagement with content
• Can create ‘network effect’ with related
institutions
28. 2006: Semantic Web Think Tank
Image credit: jon pratty, all rights reserved
29. 2007
• BBC: “a web identifier, with associated HTML
pages and machine-readable feeds (RDF/XML,
JSON and XML), for every programme the BBC
broadcasts—allowing other teams within the
BBC to incorporate those pages into new and
existing programme support sites, TV Channel
and Radio Station sites, and cross programme
genre sites such as food, music and natural
history”
Source:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/bbcinternet/2010/02/case_study_use_of_semantic_web.html
42. The role of communities
• Online community via social networks, wikis,
discussion lists
• Events and meetups important
• Use hashtag like #lodlam for open,
international conversation
43. What is LODLAM?
• 100 international attendees, Linked Open Data
in Libraries, Archives, and Museums Summit
• San Francisco, June 2011
• Organised by Jon Voss (@jonvoss) with Kris
Carpenter Negulescu, Internet Archive
• Sponsored by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation,
National Endowment for the Humanities and
the Internet Archive
45. 4 stars
Attribution Share-Alike License (CC-BY-
★
SA/ODC-ODbL)
Attribution License (CC-BY / ODC-BY)
★★
with another form of attribution
Attribution License (CC-BY / ODC-BY)
★★★ when the licensor considers linkbacks to
meet the attribution requirement
Public Domain (CC0 / ODC PDDL / Public
★★★★
Domain Mark)
46. LODLAM 2013 Challenge
• highlight data visualizations, tools, mashups,
meshups, and all types of use cases for Linked
Open Data in libraries, archives, and museums.
Teams will register to submit in one and/or two
heats during the fall and the spring.
• Submit: video presentation (no longer than 5
min), title, short description, long description
(can include images, photos, mockups, etc), FAQ
section by 1 December 2012 or 1 May 2013
47. LODLAM 2013
• June 2013, Montreal
• Your ideas can win!
• Challenge prize: 2 delegate seats at the
Summit and $2,000USD in travel stipends.
• Grand prize $2,000USD.
48. LODLAM Challenge Criteria
• can be private/public partnerships, academic teams, individuals,
private companies, non-profits, just about anyone.
• can be prototypes, mockups, design specs, working models
• can be tools or processes for a broad GLAM community
• can innovative ideas that will advance the entire community
• must have a clearly articulated project goal
• must utilize open data sets
• must include a statement about how it’s distributed, what is the IP
and how is it held (does not have to be open)
• will be judged partially on how well the idea is pitched and
visualized, just like in kickstarter: idea + marketing, ie. points for
style
• must clearly describe the problem you’re trying to solve
• must answer the question: if you win, what is your next step?