SlideShare a Scribd company logo
DNS & DHCP
DNS
 DNS is an acronym of Domain Name System. As the name
suggests, DNS is a naming system that gives a name to any
computer or service connected to a network. DNS is utterly
important and everyone should use it. Without it, we’d
have to visit websites through their IP addresses, rather
than their domain. So, for example, if you wanted to visit
our website through it’s IP address, you’d have to go to
209.135.140.30. But with DNS, you can go to
rosehosting.com . It’s easier to remember and it’s more
user-friendly. That’s why people consider DNS “the phone
book of the Internet”. Nobody wants to remember an IP,
but everyone can and does remember a domain name.
Domain Name System (DNS)
DNS can be used to:
 Resolve host names to IP addresses
 Resolve IP addresses to host names
 Locate mail servers during email delivery
How Internet DNS Names Are
Resolved .root DNS
Microsoft.com DNS
.com DNS
What is the IP address of
www.microsoft.com?
1
2
3
4
Workstation
Local DNS Server
5
The IP address is
207.46.230.219
What Are DNS Queries?
DNS client
mail1.contoso.com
172.16.64.11
A recursive query is sent to a DNS server and
requires a complete answer
Local DNS server
What Are DNS Queries?
Client
Local
DNS server
Recursive query
mail1.contoso.com
172.16.64.11
Root hint (.)
.com
contoso.com
Iterative query
Ask .com
Iterative query
Authoritative response
Iterative query
Ask contoso.com
Task 1 DNS Zones Types
 Forward Lookup Zone
 Reverse Lookup Zone
DHCP
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
DHCP
 In IP environment, before a computer can
communicate to another one, they need to have
their own IP addresses.
 There are two ways of configuring an IP address on a
device:
 Static: Statically assign an IP address. This means we
manually type an IP address for this computer
 Dynamic Use a protocol so that the computer can obtain
its IP address automatically.
How does DHCP work?
 Lease Generation Process
 DORA Process
 Discover
 Offer
 Request
 Acknowledgement
 Four step Process
Benefits of Using DHCP
DHCP reduces the complexity and amount of administrative
work by using automatic IP configuration
Automatic IP Configuration Manual IP Configuration
IP addresses are supplied
automatically
IP addresses are entered manually
Correct configuration information
is ensured
IP address could be entered
incorrectly
Client configuration is updated
automatically
Communication and network
issues can result
A common source of network
problems is eliminated
Frequent computer moves
increase administrative effort
How DHCP Lease Generation Works
DHCP Server2
DHCP Server1 DHCP Client
1. DHCP client broadcasts a DHCPDISCOVER packet
2. DHCP servers broadcast a DHCPOFFER packet
3. DHCP client broadcasts a DHCPREQUEST packet
4. DHCP Server1 broadcasts a DHCPACK packet
DHCP Lease Renewal Process
 By default, lease period is limited to 8 days.
 Clients attempt to renew its lease as 50% of the lease
duration has expired.
DHCP
Lease
Missing DHCP Server
 If the client cannot find a DHCP server then It
may auto assign an IP address from a reserved
range 169.254.0.0 to 169.254.255.255 or simply
have an IP address of 0.0.0.0.
DHCP Commands
 ipconfig ./all -This command will show IP and DNS
settings
 ipconfig ./release -This command will release the IP
address from DHCP
 ipconfig ./renew -This command will renew the IP
address using DHCP

More Related Content

Similar to Lecture 13 DNS_DHCP.pptx

server notes for beginners
server notes for beginners server notes for beginners
server notes for beginners
Abhishek Maurya
 
IP Layer.pptx
IP Layer.pptxIP Layer.pptx
IP Layer.pptx
DhananjayKumbhar15
 
Pmw2 k3ni 1-2a
Pmw2 k3ni 1-2aPmw2 k3ni 1-2a
Pmw2 k3ni 1-2ahariclant1
 
6 understanding DHCP
6 understanding DHCP6 understanding DHCP
6 understanding DHCP
Hameda Hurmat
 
Dhcp server configuration
Dhcp server configurationDhcp server configuration
Dhcp server configuration
UttamAgarwal9
 
Dhcp by lalit bhati
Dhcp by lalit bhatiDhcp by lalit bhati
Dhcp by lalit bhatiLalit Bhati
 
Linux14 Dynamic DNS
Linux14 Dynamic DNSLinux14 Dynamic DNS
Linux14 Dynamic DNS
Jainul Musani
 
Durai presentation of dhcp
Durai presentation of dhcpDurai presentation of dhcp
Durai presentation of dhcpduraimurugan89
 
Dns server
Dns serverDns server
Dns server
Subrata Kumer Paul
 
DHCP in windows server 2012
DHCP in windows server 2012DHCP in windows server 2012
DHCP in windows server 2012Abaady Sahal
 
Celebrating 31 Years Of The Domain Name System (DNS) This Month!
Celebrating 31 Years Of The Domain Name System (DNS) This Month!Celebrating 31 Years Of The Domain Name System (DNS) This Month!
Celebrating 31 Years Of The Domain Name System (DNS) This Month!
Marie Moore
 
Dns
DnsDns
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
Faisal Jatt
 
How to configure dns server(2)
How to configure dns server(2)How to configure dns server(2)
How to configure dns server(2)Amandeep Kaur
 
DHCP Protocol
DHCP ProtocolDHCP Protocol
DHCP Protocol
Mohammed Hisham
 
Installation Of An Iso Image Dvd
Installation Of An Iso Image DvdInstallation Of An Iso Image Dvd
Installation Of An Iso Image Dvd
Susan Cox
 
Session 3 Tp 3
Session 3 Tp 3Session 3 Tp 3
Session 3 Tp 3githe26200
 
Lecture 14
Lecture 14Lecture 14
Lecture 14
Anwal Mirza
 
DNSPresentation.pptx
DNSPresentation.pptxDNSPresentation.pptx
DNSPresentation.pptx
KailashTayde
 
VoiceCon Troubleshooting Tutorial
VoiceCon Troubleshooting TutorialVoiceCon Troubleshooting Tutorial
VoiceCon Troubleshooting Tutorial
ekrapf
 

Similar to Lecture 13 DNS_DHCP.pptx (20)

server notes for beginners
server notes for beginners server notes for beginners
server notes for beginners
 
IP Layer.pptx
IP Layer.pptxIP Layer.pptx
IP Layer.pptx
 
Pmw2 k3ni 1-2a
Pmw2 k3ni 1-2aPmw2 k3ni 1-2a
Pmw2 k3ni 1-2a
 
6 understanding DHCP
6 understanding DHCP6 understanding DHCP
6 understanding DHCP
 
Dhcp server configuration
Dhcp server configurationDhcp server configuration
Dhcp server configuration
 
Dhcp by lalit bhati
Dhcp by lalit bhatiDhcp by lalit bhati
Dhcp by lalit bhati
 
Linux14 Dynamic DNS
Linux14 Dynamic DNSLinux14 Dynamic DNS
Linux14 Dynamic DNS
 
Durai presentation of dhcp
Durai presentation of dhcpDurai presentation of dhcp
Durai presentation of dhcp
 
Dns server
Dns serverDns server
Dns server
 
DHCP in windows server 2012
DHCP in windows server 2012DHCP in windows server 2012
DHCP in windows server 2012
 
Celebrating 31 Years Of The Domain Name System (DNS) This Month!
Celebrating 31 Years Of The Domain Name System (DNS) This Month!Celebrating 31 Years Of The Domain Name System (DNS) This Month!
Celebrating 31 Years Of The Domain Name System (DNS) This Month!
 
Dns
DnsDns
Dns
 
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
 
How to configure dns server(2)
How to configure dns server(2)How to configure dns server(2)
How to configure dns server(2)
 
DHCP Protocol
DHCP ProtocolDHCP Protocol
DHCP Protocol
 
Installation Of An Iso Image Dvd
Installation Of An Iso Image DvdInstallation Of An Iso Image Dvd
Installation Of An Iso Image Dvd
 
Session 3 Tp 3
Session 3 Tp 3Session 3 Tp 3
Session 3 Tp 3
 
Lecture 14
Lecture 14Lecture 14
Lecture 14
 
DNSPresentation.pptx
DNSPresentation.pptxDNSPresentation.pptx
DNSPresentation.pptx
 
VoiceCon Troubleshooting Tutorial
VoiceCon Troubleshooting TutorialVoiceCon Troubleshooting Tutorial
VoiceCon Troubleshooting Tutorial
 

More from skknowledge

Lecture (Software Testing).pptx
Lecture (Software Testing).pptxLecture (Software Testing).pptx
Lecture (Software Testing).pptx
skknowledge
 
CN-OSI-TCP-Models-001.pdf
CN-OSI-TCP-Models-001.pdfCN-OSI-TCP-Models-001.pdf
CN-OSI-TCP-Models-001.pdf
skknowledge
 
Simulation-Language.pptx
Simulation-Language.pptxSimulation-Language.pptx
Simulation-Language.pptx
skknowledge
 
University-of-Okara (2nd Tentative Merit List).pdf
University-of-Okara (2nd Tentative Merit List).pdfUniversity-of-Okara (2nd Tentative Merit List).pdf
University-of-Okara (2nd Tentative Merit List).pdf
skknowledge
 
Chapter 1.ppt
Chapter 1.pptChapter 1.ppt
Chapter 1.ppt
skknowledge
 
Tentative finalterm spring 2023 datesheet.pdf
Tentative finalterm spring 2023 datesheet.pdfTentative finalterm spring 2023 datesheet.pdf
Tentative finalterm spring 2023 datesheet.pdf
skknowledge
 
module2-choosingatopic-131220102444-phpapp02 (1).pdf
module2-choosingatopic-131220102444-phpapp02 (1).pdfmodule2-choosingatopic-131220102444-phpapp02 (1).pdf
module2-choosingatopic-131220102444-phpapp02 (1).pdf
skknowledge
 
Lec # 13 Firewall.pptx
Lec # 13 Firewall.pptxLec # 13 Firewall.pptx
Lec # 13 Firewall.pptx
skknowledge
 
Lec # 7 Symmetric and asymmetric cryptography.pptx
Lec # 7 Symmetric and asymmetric cryptography.pptxLec # 7 Symmetric and asymmetric cryptography.pptx
Lec # 7 Symmetric and asymmetric cryptography.pptx
skknowledge
 
aquacultureppt-180518113938 (2).docx
aquacultureppt-180518113938 (2).docxaquacultureppt-180518113938 (2).docx
aquacultureppt-180518113938 (2).docx
skknowledge
 
culturedpearls-190715204035.pdf
culturedpearls-190715204035.pdfculturedpearls-190715204035.pdf
culturedpearls-190715204035.pdf
skknowledge
 
Lecture (User Interface Design).ppt
Lecture (User Interface Design).pptLecture (User Interface Design).ppt
Lecture (User Interface Design).ppt
skknowledge
 
lecture (USABILITY and USER INTERFACE DESIGN).ppt
lecture (USABILITY and USER INTERFACE DESIGN).pptlecture (USABILITY and USER INTERFACE DESIGN).ppt
lecture (USABILITY and USER INTERFACE DESIGN).ppt
skknowledge
 

More from skknowledge (13)

Lecture (Software Testing).pptx
Lecture (Software Testing).pptxLecture (Software Testing).pptx
Lecture (Software Testing).pptx
 
CN-OSI-TCP-Models-001.pdf
CN-OSI-TCP-Models-001.pdfCN-OSI-TCP-Models-001.pdf
CN-OSI-TCP-Models-001.pdf
 
Simulation-Language.pptx
Simulation-Language.pptxSimulation-Language.pptx
Simulation-Language.pptx
 
University-of-Okara (2nd Tentative Merit List).pdf
University-of-Okara (2nd Tentative Merit List).pdfUniversity-of-Okara (2nd Tentative Merit List).pdf
University-of-Okara (2nd Tentative Merit List).pdf
 
Chapter 1.ppt
Chapter 1.pptChapter 1.ppt
Chapter 1.ppt
 
Tentative finalterm spring 2023 datesheet.pdf
Tentative finalterm spring 2023 datesheet.pdfTentative finalterm spring 2023 datesheet.pdf
Tentative finalterm spring 2023 datesheet.pdf
 
module2-choosingatopic-131220102444-phpapp02 (1).pdf
module2-choosingatopic-131220102444-phpapp02 (1).pdfmodule2-choosingatopic-131220102444-phpapp02 (1).pdf
module2-choosingatopic-131220102444-phpapp02 (1).pdf
 
Lec # 13 Firewall.pptx
Lec # 13 Firewall.pptxLec # 13 Firewall.pptx
Lec # 13 Firewall.pptx
 
Lec # 7 Symmetric and asymmetric cryptography.pptx
Lec # 7 Symmetric and asymmetric cryptography.pptxLec # 7 Symmetric and asymmetric cryptography.pptx
Lec # 7 Symmetric and asymmetric cryptography.pptx
 
aquacultureppt-180518113938 (2).docx
aquacultureppt-180518113938 (2).docxaquacultureppt-180518113938 (2).docx
aquacultureppt-180518113938 (2).docx
 
culturedpearls-190715204035.pdf
culturedpearls-190715204035.pdfculturedpearls-190715204035.pdf
culturedpearls-190715204035.pdf
 
Lecture (User Interface Design).ppt
Lecture (User Interface Design).pptLecture (User Interface Design).ppt
Lecture (User Interface Design).ppt
 
lecture (USABILITY and USER INTERFACE DESIGN).ppt
lecture (USABILITY and USER INTERFACE DESIGN).pptlecture (USABILITY and USER INTERFACE DESIGN).ppt
lecture (USABILITY and USER INTERFACE DESIGN).ppt
 

Recently uploaded

White wonder, Work developed by Eva Tschopp
White wonder, Work developed by Eva TschoppWhite wonder, Work developed by Eva Tschopp
White wonder, Work developed by Eva Tschopp
Mansi Shah
 
Mohannad Abdullah portfolio _ V2 _22-24
Mohannad Abdullah  portfolio _ V2 _22-24Mohannad Abdullah  portfolio _ V2 _22-24
Mohannad Abdullah portfolio _ V2 _22-24
M. A. Architect
 
Between Filth and Fortune- Urban Cattle Foraging Realities by Devi S Nair, An...
Between Filth and Fortune- Urban Cattle Foraging Realities by Devi S Nair, An...Between Filth and Fortune- Urban Cattle Foraging Realities by Devi S Nair, An...
Between Filth and Fortune- Urban Cattle Foraging Realities by Devi S Nair, An...
Mansi Shah
 
Transforming Brand Perception and Boosting Profitability
Transforming Brand Perception and Boosting ProfitabilityTransforming Brand Perception and Boosting Profitability
Transforming Brand Perception and Boosting Profitability
aaryangarg12
 
Common Designing Mistakes and How to avoid them
Common Designing Mistakes and How to avoid themCommon Designing Mistakes and How to avoid them
Common Designing Mistakes and How to avoid them
madhavlakhanpal29
 
RTUYUIJKLDSADAGHBDJNKSMAL,D
RTUYUIJKLDSADAGHBDJNKSMAL,DRTUYUIJKLDSADAGHBDJNKSMAL,D
RTUYUIJKLDSADAGHBDJNKSMAL,D
cy0krjxt
 
Exploring the Future of Smart Garages.pdf
Exploring the Future of Smart Garages.pdfExploring the Future of Smart Garages.pdf
Exploring the Future of Smart Garages.pdf
fastfixgaragedoor
 
一比一原版(NCL毕业证书)纽卡斯尔大学毕业证成绩单如何办理
一比一原版(NCL毕业证书)纽卡斯尔大学毕业证成绩单如何办理一比一原版(NCL毕业证书)纽卡斯尔大学毕业证成绩单如何办理
一比一原版(NCL毕业证书)纽卡斯尔大学毕业证成绩单如何办理
7sd8fier
 
一比一原版(Bolton毕业证书)博尔顿大学毕业证成绩单如何办理
一比一原版(Bolton毕业证书)博尔顿大学毕业证成绩单如何办理一比一原版(Bolton毕业证书)博尔顿大学毕业证成绩单如何办理
一比一原版(Bolton毕业证书)博尔顿大学毕业证成绩单如何办理
h7j5io0
 
Design Thinking Design thinking Design thinking
Design Thinking Design thinking Design thinkingDesign Thinking Design thinking Design thinking
Design Thinking Design thinking Design thinking
cy0krjxt
 
20 slides of research movie and artists .pdf
20 slides of research movie and artists .pdf20 slides of research movie and artists .pdf
20 slides of research movie and artists .pdf
ameli25062005
 
一比一原版(毕业证)长崎大学毕业证成绩单如何办理
一比一原版(毕业证)长崎大学毕业证成绩单如何办理一比一原版(毕业证)长崎大学毕业证成绩单如何办理
一比一原版(毕业证)长崎大学毕业证成绩单如何办理
taqyed
 
一比一原版(BU毕业证书)伯恩茅斯大学毕业证成绩单如何办理
一比一原版(BU毕业证书)伯恩茅斯大学毕业证成绩单如何办理一比一原版(BU毕业证书)伯恩茅斯大学毕业证成绩单如何办理
一比一原版(BU毕业证书)伯恩茅斯大学毕业证成绩单如何办理
h7j5io0
 
Research 20 slides Amelia gavryliuks.pdf
Research 20 slides Amelia gavryliuks.pdfResearch 20 slides Amelia gavryliuks.pdf
Research 20 slides Amelia gavryliuks.pdf
ameli25062005
 
Book Formatting: Quality Control Checks for Designers
Book Formatting: Quality Control Checks for DesignersBook Formatting: Quality Control Checks for Designers
Book Formatting: Quality Control Checks for Designers
Confidence Ago
 
一比一原版(Columbia毕业证)哥伦比亚大学毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(Columbia毕业证)哥伦比亚大学毕业证如何办理一比一原版(Columbia毕业证)哥伦比亚大学毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(Columbia毕业证)哥伦比亚大学毕业证如何办理
asuzyq
 
一比一原版(UNUK毕业证书)诺丁汉大学毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(UNUK毕业证书)诺丁汉大学毕业证如何办理一比一原版(UNUK毕业证书)诺丁汉大学毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(UNUK毕业证书)诺丁汉大学毕业证如何办理
7sd8fier
 
7 Alternatives to Bullet Points in PowerPoint
7 Alternatives to Bullet Points in PowerPoint7 Alternatives to Bullet Points in PowerPoint
7 Alternatives to Bullet Points in PowerPoint
Alvis Oh
 
Can AI do good? at 'offtheCanvas' India HCI prelude
Can AI do good? at 'offtheCanvas' India HCI preludeCan AI do good? at 'offtheCanvas' India HCI prelude
Can AI do good? at 'offtheCanvas' India HCI prelude
Alan Dix
 
Top Israeli Products and Brands - Plan it israel.pdf
Top Israeli Products and Brands - Plan it israel.pdfTop Israeli Products and Brands - Plan it israel.pdf
Top Israeli Products and Brands - Plan it israel.pdf
PlanitIsrael
 

Recently uploaded (20)

White wonder, Work developed by Eva Tschopp
White wonder, Work developed by Eva TschoppWhite wonder, Work developed by Eva Tschopp
White wonder, Work developed by Eva Tschopp
 
Mohannad Abdullah portfolio _ V2 _22-24
Mohannad Abdullah  portfolio _ V2 _22-24Mohannad Abdullah  portfolio _ V2 _22-24
Mohannad Abdullah portfolio _ V2 _22-24
 
Between Filth and Fortune- Urban Cattle Foraging Realities by Devi S Nair, An...
Between Filth and Fortune- Urban Cattle Foraging Realities by Devi S Nair, An...Between Filth and Fortune- Urban Cattle Foraging Realities by Devi S Nair, An...
Between Filth and Fortune- Urban Cattle Foraging Realities by Devi S Nair, An...
 
Transforming Brand Perception and Boosting Profitability
Transforming Brand Perception and Boosting ProfitabilityTransforming Brand Perception and Boosting Profitability
Transforming Brand Perception and Boosting Profitability
 
Common Designing Mistakes and How to avoid them
Common Designing Mistakes and How to avoid themCommon Designing Mistakes and How to avoid them
Common Designing Mistakes and How to avoid them
 
RTUYUIJKLDSADAGHBDJNKSMAL,D
RTUYUIJKLDSADAGHBDJNKSMAL,DRTUYUIJKLDSADAGHBDJNKSMAL,D
RTUYUIJKLDSADAGHBDJNKSMAL,D
 
Exploring the Future of Smart Garages.pdf
Exploring the Future of Smart Garages.pdfExploring the Future of Smart Garages.pdf
Exploring the Future of Smart Garages.pdf
 
一比一原版(NCL毕业证书)纽卡斯尔大学毕业证成绩单如何办理
一比一原版(NCL毕业证书)纽卡斯尔大学毕业证成绩单如何办理一比一原版(NCL毕业证书)纽卡斯尔大学毕业证成绩单如何办理
一比一原版(NCL毕业证书)纽卡斯尔大学毕业证成绩单如何办理
 
一比一原版(Bolton毕业证书)博尔顿大学毕业证成绩单如何办理
一比一原版(Bolton毕业证书)博尔顿大学毕业证成绩单如何办理一比一原版(Bolton毕业证书)博尔顿大学毕业证成绩单如何办理
一比一原版(Bolton毕业证书)博尔顿大学毕业证成绩单如何办理
 
Design Thinking Design thinking Design thinking
Design Thinking Design thinking Design thinkingDesign Thinking Design thinking Design thinking
Design Thinking Design thinking Design thinking
 
20 slides of research movie and artists .pdf
20 slides of research movie and artists .pdf20 slides of research movie and artists .pdf
20 slides of research movie and artists .pdf
 
一比一原版(毕业证)长崎大学毕业证成绩单如何办理
一比一原版(毕业证)长崎大学毕业证成绩单如何办理一比一原版(毕业证)长崎大学毕业证成绩单如何办理
一比一原版(毕业证)长崎大学毕业证成绩单如何办理
 
一比一原版(BU毕业证书)伯恩茅斯大学毕业证成绩单如何办理
一比一原版(BU毕业证书)伯恩茅斯大学毕业证成绩单如何办理一比一原版(BU毕业证书)伯恩茅斯大学毕业证成绩单如何办理
一比一原版(BU毕业证书)伯恩茅斯大学毕业证成绩单如何办理
 
Research 20 slides Amelia gavryliuks.pdf
Research 20 slides Amelia gavryliuks.pdfResearch 20 slides Amelia gavryliuks.pdf
Research 20 slides Amelia gavryliuks.pdf
 
Book Formatting: Quality Control Checks for Designers
Book Formatting: Quality Control Checks for DesignersBook Formatting: Quality Control Checks for Designers
Book Formatting: Quality Control Checks for Designers
 
一比一原版(Columbia毕业证)哥伦比亚大学毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(Columbia毕业证)哥伦比亚大学毕业证如何办理一比一原版(Columbia毕业证)哥伦比亚大学毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(Columbia毕业证)哥伦比亚大学毕业证如何办理
 
一比一原版(UNUK毕业证书)诺丁汉大学毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(UNUK毕业证书)诺丁汉大学毕业证如何办理一比一原版(UNUK毕业证书)诺丁汉大学毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(UNUK毕业证书)诺丁汉大学毕业证如何办理
 
7 Alternatives to Bullet Points in PowerPoint
7 Alternatives to Bullet Points in PowerPoint7 Alternatives to Bullet Points in PowerPoint
7 Alternatives to Bullet Points in PowerPoint
 
Can AI do good? at 'offtheCanvas' India HCI prelude
Can AI do good? at 'offtheCanvas' India HCI preludeCan AI do good? at 'offtheCanvas' India HCI prelude
Can AI do good? at 'offtheCanvas' India HCI prelude
 
Top Israeli Products and Brands - Plan it israel.pdf
Top Israeli Products and Brands - Plan it israel.pdfTop Israeli Products and Brands - Plan it israel.pdf
Top Israeli Products and Brands - Plan it israel.pdf
 

Lecture 13 DNS_DHCP.pptx

  • 2. DNS  DNS is an acronym of Domain Name System. As the name suggests, DNS is a naming system that gives a name to any computer or service connected to a network. DNS is utterly important and everyone should use it. Without it, we’d have to visit websites through their IP addresses, rather than their domain. So, for example, if you wanted to visit our website through it’s IP address, you’d have to go to 209.135.140.30. But with DNS, you can go to rosehosting.com . It’s easier to remember and it’s more user-friendly. That’s why people consider DNS “the phone book of the Internet”. Nobody wants to remember an IP, but everyone can and does remember a domain name.
  • 3. Domain Name System (DNS) DNS can be used to:  Resolve host names to IP addresses  Resolve IP addresses to host names  Locate mail servers during email delivery
  • 4. How Internet DNS Names Are Resolved .root DNS Microsoft.com DNS .com DNS What is the IP address of www.microsoft.com? 1 2 3 4 Workstation Local DNS Server 5 The IP address is 207.46.230.219
  • 5. What Are DNS Queries? DNS client mail1.contoso.com 172.16.64.11 A recursive query is sent to a DNS server and requires a complete answer Local DNS server
  • 6. What Are DNS Queries? Client Local DNS server Recursive query mail1.contoso.com 172.16.64.11 Root hint (.) .com contoso.com Iterative query Ask .com Iterative query Authoritative response Iterative query Ask contoso.com
  • 7. Task 1 DNS Zones Types  Forward Lookup Zone  Reverse Lookup Zone
  • 9. DHCP  In IP environment, before a computer can communicate to another one, they need to have their own IP addresses.  There are two ways of configuring an IP address on a device:  Static: Statically assign an IP address. This means we manually type an IP address for this computer  Dynamic Use a protocol so that the computer can obtain its IP address automatically.
  • 10. How does DHCP work?  Lease Generation Process  DORA Process  Discover  Offer  Request  Acknowledgement  Four step Process
  • 11. Benefits of Using DHCP DHCP reduces the complexity and amount of administrative work by using automatic IP configuration Automatic IP Configuration Manual IP Configuration IP addresses are supplied automatically IP addresses are entered manually Correct configuration information is ensured IP address could be entered incorrectly Client configuration is updated automatically Communication and network issues can result A common source of network problems is eliminated Frequent computer moves increase administrative effort
  • 12. How DHCP Lease Generation Works DHCP Server2 DHCP Server1 DHCP Client 1. DHCP client broadcasts a DHCPDISCOVER packet 2. DHCP servers broadcast a DHCPOFFER packet 3. DHCP client broadcasts a DHCPREQUEST packet 4. DHCP Server1 broadcasts a DHCPACK packet
  • 13. DHCP Lease Renewal Process  By default, lease period is limited to 8 days.  Clients attempt to renew its lease as 50% of the lease duration has expired.
  • 15. Missing DHCP Server  If the client cannot find a DHCP server then It may auto assign an IP address from a reserved range 169.254.0.0 to 169.254.255.255 or simply have an IP address of 0.0.0.0.
  • 16. DHCP Commands  ipconfig ./all -This command will show IP and DNS settings  ipconfig ./release -This command will release the IP address from DHCP  ipconfig ./renew -This command will renew the IP address using DHCP