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Prepared by
Dr. Nedhal Al-Tamimi
Arch. Eng. Dept.,
Faculty of Engineering
Najran University, KSA
naaltamimi@nu.edu.sa
Building
Simulation
Tools
Lecture
No. 11
Climatic Design AE 353-2
Scope
of
Presentation
1. The Importance of Simulation
2. Type of computer simulations
3. Understand What a Model Is
4. Input Requirement
5. Advantages and Disadvantages of simulation
6. DesignBuilder (Demo-Presentation)
Green Building Rating System
Why Simulation?
Use of Building Simulation Software
What Building Simulation tools can calculate
In Thermal Performance
Simulation
▪ Indoor temperatures.
▪ Needs for heating and cooling.
▪ Consumption needs of HVAC
systems.
▪ Natural lighting needs of the
occupants.
▪ Interior comfort of the
inhabitants.
▪ Levels of ventilation.
In Energy Simulation
▪ Determine the appropriate size
of HVAC systems.
▪ Predict the monthly/annual
energy consumption and bills.
▪ Annual CO2 emissions.
▪ Compare different efficiency
options.
▪ Determine life cycle payback
on various options.
Type of computer simulations
Thermal/Solar/Energy
Simulation
• DOE
• Ecotect
• Energy-10
• IES-VE
• EnergyPlus
• DesignBuilder
• Equest
• …etc.
Lighting Simulation
• Radiance
• Ecotect
• DaiLux
• DesignBuilder
• …etc.
Air Flow Simulation
• Macroflo
• CFD
• …etc.
Creating a Model
A MODEL is a device or structure that helps us to:
• Understand the world around us
• A simplified representation of our surroundings in order
that we may pursue understanding
Models for Buildings
• It is possible in
today’s practice:
fewer models
serving multiple
purposes:
studying thermal,
energy, daylight,
solar, airflow,
comfort, etc.
What do we need before getting started? (Input Requirement)
▪ Building location and weather data and geometry
▪ Building envelope characteristics (walls, windows, u-values,
shading coefficients)
▪ General operation of the building
▪ All interior load values (Lighting, plug loads, occupant
numbers and activity level).
▪ Zoning requirements
▪ System types (is it constant volume or VAV? DX coils or
chilled water?) - If you don't
▪ know the system type, you can use a model to decide what's
best!
▪ You need to be smart.
** Building Geometry
Output example:
Understanding Solar
Analysis
** Building Geometry
Thermal/Energy
Simulation
• Uses 8760 hours weather data for one year.
• A weather file used in building simulation tools is a weather data
for a particular city with an average period between 20-30years
• Output example:
▪ Must be validated with ASHRAE standard
** Building Geometry
Output example:
** Building Geometry
Glazing Details
▪ WWR and orientation are included in building geometry.
▪ Material properties (U-value, SHGC for glass, U-value for frame)
Occupancy Schedule
Space usage pattern
Understanding Glare & Solar Shades
Output example:
Daylight Analysis
Output example:
Airflow (CFD )
Output example:
▪ New policies, operating procedures, information flows can be
explored without disrupting ongoing operation of the real system.
▪ ‫يمكن‬
‫للمصمم‬
‫الحصول‬
‫على‬
‫نتائج‬
‫المحاكاة‬
‫الي‬
‫متغير‬
(
‫األداء‬
،‫الحراري‬
‫استهالك‬
،‫الطاقة‬
‫شدة‬
‫اإلضاءة‬
‫وغيرها‬
)
‫لمدة‬
‫زمنية‬
‫قد‬
‫تكون‬
‫سنة‬
‫وقد‬
‫تكون‬
‫بعض‬
‫ساعات‬
‫من‬
‫النهار‬
.
▪ Insight can be obtained about interaction of variables and important
variables to the performance.
▪ Bottleneck analysis can be performed to discover where work in
process, the system is delayed.
▪ A simulation study can help in understanding how the system
operates.
▪ Results are accurate in general, compared to analytical model.
▪ Easy to perform ``What-If'' analysis.
Advantages of simulation
▪ Model building requires special training.
▪ Vendors of simulation software have been actively developing
packages that contain models that only need input (templates).
▪ Simulation results can be difficult to interpret.
▪ Simulation modelling and analysis can be time consuming and
expensive.
Disadvantages of simulation
DesignBuilder
https://www.designbuilder.co.uk/
Dr. Nedhal Al-Tamimi
AE 353-2
Demo for:
https://drajmarsh.bitbucket.io/daylight-room.html
Climatic Design Thank You
Dr. Nedhal Al-Tamimi
AE 353-2
Demo for:
https://www.designbuilder.co.uk/

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Lecture 11 computer simulation in buildings

  • 1. Prepared by Dr. Nedhal Al-Tamimi Arch. Eng. Dept., Faculty of Engineering Najran University, KSA naaltamimi@nu.edu.sa Building Simulation Tools Lecture No. 11 Climatic Design AE 353-2
  • 2. Scope of Presentation 1. The Importance of Simulation 2. Type of computer simulations 3. Understand What a Model Is 4. Input Requirement 5. Advantages and Disadvantages of simulation 6. DesignBuilder (Demo-Presentation)
  • 5. Use of Building Simulation Software
  • 6. What Building Simulation tools can calculate In Thermal Performance Simulation ▪ Indoor temperatures. ▪ Needs for heating and cooling. ▪ Consumption needs of HVAC systems. ▪ Natural lighting needs of the occupants. ▪ Interior comfort of the inhabitants. ▪ Levels of ventilation. In Energy Simulation ▪ Determine the appropriate size of HVAC systems. ▪ Predict the monthly/annual energy consumption and bills. ▪ Annual CO2 emissions. ▪ Compare different efficiency options. ▪ Determine life cycle payback on various options.
  • 7. Type of computer simulations Thermal/Solar/Energy Simulation • DOE • Ecotect • Energy-10 • IES-VE • EnergyPlus • DesignBuilder • Equest • …etc. Lighting Simulation • Radiance • Ecotect • DaiLux • DesignBuilder • …etc. Air Flow Simulation • Macroflo • CFD • …etc.
  • 8. Creating a Model A MODEL is a device or structure that helps us to: • Understand the world around us • A simplified representation of our surroundings in order that we may pursue understanding
  • 9. Models for Buildings • It is possible in today’s practice: fewer models serving multiple purposes: studying thermal, energy, daylight, solar, airflow, comfort, etc.
  • 10. What do we need before getting started? (Input Requirement) ▪ Building location and weather data and geometry ▪ Building envelope characteristics (walls, windows, u-values, shading coefficients) ▪ General operation of the building ▪ All interior load values (Lighting, plug loads, occupant numbers and activity level). ▪ Zoning requirements ▪ System types (is it constant volume or VAV? DX coils or chilled water?) - If you don't ▪ know the system type, you can use a model to decide what's best! ▪ You need to be smart.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 15. Thermal/Energy Simulation • Uses 8760 hours weather data for one year. • A weather file used in building simulation tools is a weather data for a particular city with an average period between 20-30years • Output example: ▪ Must be validated with ASHRAE standard ** Building Geometry
  • 17.
  • 18. Glazing Details ▪ WWR and orientation are included in building geometry. ▪ Material properties (U-value, SHGC for glass, U-value for frame)
  • 21. Understanding Glare & Solar Shades Output example:
  • 24. ▪ New policies, operating procedures, information flows can be explored without disrupting ongoing operation of the real system. ▪ ‫يمكن‬ ‫للمصمم‬ ‫الحصول‬ ‫على‬ ‫نتائج‬ ‫المحاكاة‬ ‫الي‬ ‫متغير‬ ( ‫األداء‬ ،‫الحراري‬ ‫استهالك‬ ،‫الطاقة‬ ‫شدة‬ ‫اإلضاءة‬ ‫وغيرها‬ ) ‫لمدة‬ ‫زمنية‬ ‫قد‬ ‫تكون‬ ‫سنة‬ ‫وقد‬ ‫تكون‬ ‫بعض‬ ‫ساعات‬ ‫من‬ ‫النهار‬ . ▪ Insight can be obtained about interaction of variables and important variables to the performance. ▪ Bottleneck analysis can be performed to discover where work in process, the system is delayed. ▪ A simulation study can help in understanding how the system operates. ▪ Results are accurate in general, compared to analytical model. ▪ Easy to perform ``What-If'' analysis. Advantages of simulation
  • 25. ▪ Model building requires special training. ▪ Vendors of simulation software have been actively developing packages that contain models that only need input (templates). ▪ Simulation results can be difficult to interpret. ▪ Simulation modelling and analysis can be time consuming and expensive. Disadvantages of simulation
  • 27.
  • 28. Dr. Nedhal Al-Tamimi AE 353-2 Demo for: https://drajmarsh.bitbucket.io/daylight-room.html
  • 29. Climatic Design Thank You Dr. Nedhal Al-Tamimi AE 353-2 Demo for: https://www.designbuilder.co.uk/