This document provides information about a computer science course, including the course outline, textbook, evaluation criteria, and lecture topics. It also provides an introduction to the world of computers by discussing how computers are used in daily life and the basic functions of computers, including input, processing, output, storage, and communication. It defines the key components of computer hardware and software. It describes different types of computer users and professionals. It outlines the six main categories of computers: embedded systems, mobile devices, personal computers, servers, mainframes, and supercomputers.

1. Lecture 1: Course Information and
Introduction to Computer World

2. Course Information
• Text Book: “Understanding Computers, Today
and Tomorrow”, custom edition, Charles S.
Parker, Deborah Morley.

3. Course Information
• Marks Distribution (total 100 marks)
– Lecture:
• 7th week evaluation 20 marks
• 12th week evaluation 15 marks
• Term evaluation 5 marks
– 5 marks Attendance and participation in class
• Final exam 40 marks
– Lab/Section
• 7th week evaluation 10 marks
– 5 marks numbering systems quiz
– 5 marks Microsoft access project
• 12th week evaluation 5 marks
– 5 marks html project
• Term evaluation 5 marks
– 5 marks python quiz

4. Course Information
• Course Outline
– Introduction to the World of Computers. (Chapter 1)
– Inside Computers: The Processor, Memory and Storage Systems.
(Chapter 2 & Chapter 3)
– System Software and Application Software. (Chapter 5)
– Database Management Systems and Applications. (Chapter 14)
– Introduction to HTML. (Chapter 10)
– Program Development Life Cycle. (Chapter 13)
– Problem solving using Flowcharts. (Chapter 13)
– Python Programming Language. (Chapter 13)
– Computer Networks Fundamentals/Security. (Chapter 7 & Chapter 9)
– Computer Social Issues: Ethics, Computer Crime, Privacy and other
Issues. (Chapter 16)

5. Lecture 1
Introduction to Computer World

6. Computer in our daily life
• Nearly 90% of our households include a computer.
• Most of our jobs if not all utilize computers.
• In the streets accessing services and resources. E.g.
ATM machines, bills payment…etc.
• In our education systems. In schools class rooms,
libraries, collages …etc.
• Electronic devices are converging into single units with
multiple capabilities
– Check e-mail on living room television
– View Internet content on mobile devices

7. Computer in our daily life
• Computers used for a variety of tasks:
– Looking up information and news
– Exchanging e-mail
– Shopping and paying bills
– Watching TV and videos
– Downloading music and movies
– Organizing digital photographs
– Playing games

8. What Is a Computer and What Does
It Do?
• Computer
– A programmable, electronic device that accepts
data, performs operations on that data, and stores
the data
– Follows instructions, called programs, which
determine the tasks the computer will perform

9. Data vs. Information
• Data
– Raw, unorganized facts
– Can be in the form of text, graphics, audio, or
video
• Information
– Data that has been processed into a meaningful
form
• Information Processing
– Converting data into information
• e.g. Students grades in a certain course, booked
seats in a flight to Cairo.

10. What Is a Computer and What Does
It Do?
• Basic Operations
– Input: Entering data into the computer
– Processing: Performing operations on the data
– Output: Presenting the results
– Storage: Saving data, programs, or output for
future use
– Communications: Sending or receiving data

11. What Is a Computer and What Does
It Do?

12. What Is a Computer and What Does
It Do?
• A fifth operation exist which performs
communications functions, such as sending or
retrieving data via the Internet, accessing
information located in a shared company database,
or exchanging data or e-mail messages with others.

13. Computer Hardware
Hardware: The physical parts of a computer
• Internal hardware
– Located inside the main box (system unit) of the
computer
• External hardware
– Located outside the system unit
– Connect to the computer via a wired or wireless
connection
• Hardware devices are associated with all five
computer operations

14. Computer Hardware
• Input Devices
– Used to input data into the computer
– Keyboards, mice, scanners, cameras, microphones, touch
pads, touch screens, fingerprint readers, etc.
• Processing Devices
– Perform calculations and control computer’s operation
– Central processing unit (CPU) and memory
• Output Devices
– Present results to the user
– Monitors, printers, speakers, projectors, etc.

15. Computer Hardware
• Storage Devices
– Used to store data on or access data from storage
media
– Hard drives, CD/DVD discs and drives,
USB flash drives, etc.
• Communications Devices
– Allow users to communicate with others and to
electronically access remote information
– Modems, network adapters, routers, etc.

17. Computer Software
• The programs or instructions used to tell the
computer hardware what to do
– System Software
• Operating system starts up the computer and controls
its operation
• Without OS, computer cannot function
• Boots the computer and launches programs at the
user’s direction
• Most use a GUI to interact with the user via icons,
buttons, tiles, etc.
• Windows, Mac OS, Linux, Android, etc.

18. Computer Software
– Application Software
• Performs specific tasks or applications
• Creating letters, budgets, etc.
• Editing photographs
• Exchanging e-mail
• Playing games
• Examples of application software
– Word processing programs
– Multimedia programs
– Web browsers
– E-mail programs

19. Computer Users and Professionals
• Computer Users (end users)
– People who use a computer to obtain information
• Computer professionals include:
– Programmers
• Write programs computers use
– Systems analysts
• Design computer systems
– Computer operations personnel
• Manage day-to-day computer operations
– Security specialists
• Secure computers and networks against hackers

20. Computer to Fit Every Need
• Six basic categories of computers:
– Embedded computers
– Mobile devices
– Personal computers
– Servers
– Mainframe computers
– Supercomputers

21. Computer to Fit Every Need
• Embedded Computers
– Embedded into a product and designed to
perform specific tasks or functions for that
product
– Cannot be used as general-purpose computers
– Often embedded into
• Household appliances: washing machines, TVs,
microwave ovens etc.
• Cars: blind spot warning, auto break systems, auto park
systems etc.

22. Computer to Fit Every Need
• Mobile Device
– A very small device with some type of built-in
computing or Internet capability
– Typically has a small screen and keyboard
– Examples:
• Smartphones
• Handheld gaming devices
• Portable digital media players
• Media tablets

23. Computer to Fit Every Need
• Personal Computer (PC)
– Small computer designed to be used by one
person at a time
– Also called a microcomputer
– Available in different sizes and shapes
– Desktop Computers
• On or next to a desk
• PC or Macintosh
– Portable computers

24. Computer to Fit Every Need
– Portable Computers
• Designed to be carried around easily

25. Computer to Fit Every Need
• Server
– A medium-sized computer used to host programs and
data for a small network.
– Used in small- to medium-sized businesses such as
medical or dental offices, as well as in school
computer labs.
– Sometimes referred to as a minicomputer.
– Users connect via a network with a computer, thin
client, or dumb terminal.
– Virtualization: Creating virtual rather than actual
environments.

26. Computer to Fit Every Need
• Mainframe Computer
– Powerful computer used by many large organizations to
manage large amounts of centralized data
– Standard choice for hospitals, universities, large
businesses, banks, government offices
– Located in climate-controlled data centers and connected
to the rest of the company computers via a network
– Larger, more expensive, and more powerful than servers
– Usually operate 24 hours a day
– Also called high-end servers or enterprise-class servers

27. Computer to Fit Every Need
• Supercomputer
– Some applications require extraordinary speed,
accuracy, and processing capabilities e.g. controlling
missile guidance systems and satellites, forecasting
the weather, exploring for oil, breaking codes
– Fastest, most expensive, most powerful type of
computer
– Generally run one program at a time, as fast as
possible
– Can cost several million dollars each
– Tend to be very large and contain a large number of
CPUs

28. End Lecture#1 