This document provides an overview of a student group's project to design a low energy data center. It covers their key activities, project management plan, initial research on the site location and climate, a case study of an existing data center for reference, and their preliminary ideas for the building design and technical subsystems. Their plan is to research renewable energy options like solar PV, CHP, and a nearby wind farm to power the data center and minimize grid reliance while showcasing sustainable technologies. They will assign team members to subsystems and begin designing the building and renewable systems over the next few weeks.
Occupant Behavior of a Plus-Energy Building Regarding Monitoring and Standard...SimulationX
Within a monitoring study by the Federal Ministry for Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety, 35 residential buildings with future building standards are being analyzed. Two of these buildings (Plus Energy Buildings) are managed and analyzed by the Leipzig University of Applied Science. An energy-plus house produces more energy from renewable energy sources over the course of a year than it imports from external sources. Until now there have been serious differences between planning simulation and measurement. The main reason has been identified as non-matching simulation models. Complex technical building services, associated with the use of new building materials, exceed the possibility of usage for standardized programs. By using monitoring data, this paper describes the influence of tenants in low energy houses by using the Green-City library in SimulationX. The increasing influence of occupants on energy consumption will be illustrated.
Updates on Policy and Codes - BREEAM, Part L, MEES & BB101IES VE
This presentation was given by Bruce Elrick, Consultancy Operations Manager at IES, at Spaces Study Day in Manchester on 15th June 2018.
Find out about upcoming IES events here: https://www.iesve.com/discoveries/category/event
Digital Solutions for Zero-Carbon: Limerick #ActOnClimateIES VE
This World Green Building Week 2020 presentation looked at the trend towards digitisation of the built environment and how it also holds the key for the industry to truly #ActOnClimate. Bringing to life how Digital Twins have practically been applied in Limerick to create not just a net-zero carbon block, but one that produces more energy than it actually consumes.
Practical Experiences with Smart-Homes Modeling and SimulationSimulationX
Within the next years, more homes will be equipped with smart metering devices, intelligent devices and home energy management systems (HEMS). The EMS are designed to adapt Demand Side Management (DSM) to households. The goals behind the DSM can vary within the household. It can target shaving the load peaks, minimize CO2 emissions, or minimize the overall energy bill via controlling the in-house energy supply resources and intelligent consuming devices. Thus, the EMS represents the dominant ‘smart home’.
Through this contribution, different practices of smart home modeling will be presented in which SimulationX has been integrated under different configurations, software and hardware integrations. The developed models represent the state-of-the art of the current, upcoming and futuristic smart homes. The incentives behind developing these models will be deliberated, along with the economic advantages in its applications within the smart grid. Moreover, the experience behind using SimulationX for evaluating such models will be presented.
Occupant Behavior of a Plus-Energy Building Regarding Monitoring and Standard...SimulationX
Within a monitoring study by the Federal Ministry for Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety, 35 residential buildings with future building standards are being analyzed. Two of these buildings (Plus Energy Buildings) are managed and analyzed by the Leipzig University of Applied Science. An energy-plus house produces more energy from renewable energy sources over the course of a year than it imports from external sources. Until now there have been serious differences between planning simulation and measurement. The main reason has been identified as non-matching simulation models. Complex technical building services, associated with the use of new building materials, exceed the possibility of usage for standardized programs. By using monitoring data, this paper describes the influence of tenants in low energy houses by using the Green-City library in SimulationX. The increasing influence of occupants on energy consumption will be illustrated.
Updates on Policy and Codes - BREEAM, Part L, MEES & BB101IES VE
This presentation was given by Bruce Elrick, Consultancy Operations Manager at IES, at Spaces Study Day in Manchester on 15th June 2018.
Find out about upcoming IES events here: https://www.iesve.com/discoveries/category/event
Digital Solutions for Zero-Carbon: Limerick #ActOnClimateIES VE
This World Green Building Week 2020 presentation looked at the trend towards digitisation of the built environment and how it also holds the key for the industry to truly #ActOnClimate. Bringing to life how Digital Twins have practically been applied in Limerick to create not just a net-zero carbon block, but one that produces more energy than it actually consumes.
Practical Experiences with Smart-Homes Modeling and SimulationSimulationX
Within the next years, more homes will be equipped with smart metering devices, intelligent devices and home energy management systems (HEMS). The EMS are designed to adapt Demand Side Management (DSM) to households. The goals behind the DSM can vary within the household. It can target shaving the load peaks, minimize CO2 emissions, or minimize the overall energy bill via controlling the in-house energy supply resources and intelligent consuming devices. Thus, the EMS represents the dominant ‘smart home’.
Through this contribution, different practices of smart home modeling will be presented in which SimulationX has been integrated under different configurations, software and hardware integrations. The developed models represent the state-of-the art of the current, upcoming and futuristic smart homes. The incentives behind developing these models will be deliberated, along with the economic advantages in its applications within the smart grid. Moreover, the experience behind using SimulationX for evaluating such models will be presented.
IES & MagiCAD: Learn about the new IESVE & MagiCAD interoperabilityIES VE
With so many digital technologies available, it can be challenging to see which is best for you. This webinar discussed why designers are now choosing to use IESVE and MagiCAD. Using the new connection, you can now easily import your IESVE results directly into MagiCAD to undertake your ductwork and pipework design.
Holistic District Heating Grid Design with SimulationX & Green CitySimulationX
Buildings are central elements of future smart grids. Heating and cooling demand are predictable within reason, building mass as well as heating and hot water systems provide inherent storage capacity. Additionally, the fluctuation between peak and average power of a building is much more friendly to the grid than of other network nodes like wind power or electric mobility.
A local heating grid partially supplied by renewable solar heat is currently being built in a town in Bavaria. Heat pump systems provide additional storage capacity for electric grid surplus while they serve as wind energy dump for the local utility company. Cogeneration plants and peak-power boilers provide heat and power in times of low energy coverage. The low temperature heating grid supplies decentral heat pumps, which provide required heat at a much higher temperature level to each building.
The paper describes basic modeling aspects for district heating grids with SimulationX & Green City. An interesting solar-aided grid example helps to identify benefits of a new modeling approach.
Future of the Higher Education Estate - Impact of COVID-19 and Net-Zero Targe...IES VE
This webinar looks at how delivering a Digital Twin collaborative partnership between University Estates and Academic departments through a Living Lab style approach can deliver rich results and unlock alternative funding routes.
Building Energy Simulation project by using eQuestAsadullah Malik
The energy shortage crisis and the rapid change of global climate have become important issues in the world now a days since modern trends are shifting to more sustainable solutions to save energy and to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide. Generally speaking, when improving energy efficiency and adopting the energy –saving design, the advantage is not only providing low operating cost for stakeholders, but also reducing the negative impact on the global and ambient environment. This study analyzes the surveyed building integral energy consumption, evaluates its energy performance, and gives further recommendations for saving energy costs by using dynamic energy simulation tool eQuest.
TowerLabs: Accelerating Adoption of Green Building Technologies for CondosToronto 2030 District
Jamie James, Founder of TowerLabs @ MaRS showcases some of their research and the technology they are incubating to accelerate the uptake of cleantech in the condo sector.
Daylight and Wind Studies for Successful Planning Applications in IrelandIES VE
The webinar covered the current planning requirements for Daylight, Sunlight and Pedestrian Comfort Studies in the Republic of Ireland. We also examined the new daylight standard IS EN 17037:2018 and how it compares to the now withdrawn BS 8206-2:2008 standard.
Modelling Natural Ventilation in IES-VE: Case studies & Research OutlookIES VE
Daniel Coakley of IES spoke on the topic of “Modelling Natural ventilation in the IESVE: Case studies & Research Outlook” at a half day seminar on 20th April 2016, organised by Cork Institute of Technology (CIT), for researchers, designers, engineers & architects.
Modelling Natural Ventilation in IES-VE: Case studies & Research OutlookDaniel Coakley
Presented at Technical Seminar: Ventilative Cooling & Overheating Risk - Cork Institute of Technology, 20th April 2016
This half day seminar for researchers, designers, engineers & architects, is organised in collaboration with IEA-EBC Annex 62 and will present state of the art in utilising ventilation for reducing cooling energy demand and addressing the risk of overheating in low energy buildings.
The presentation focuses on natural ventilation modelling features in the IES-VE Virtual Environment and case study of the application of some of these features as part of the ASHRAE LowDown ShowDown Competition 2015.
IES & MagiCAD: Learn about the new IESVE & MagiCAD interoperabilityIES VE
With so many digital technologies available, it can be challenging to see which is best for you. This webinar discussed why designers are now choosing to use IESVE and MagiCAD. Using the new connection, you can now easily import your IESVE results directly into MagiCAD to undertake your ductwork and pipework design.
Holistic District Heating Grid Design with SimulationX & Green CitySimulationX
Buildings are central elements of future smart grids. Heating and cooling demand are predictable within reason, building mass as well as heating and hot water systems provide inherent storage capacity. Additionally, the fluctuation between peak and average power of a building is much more friendly to the grid than of other network nodes like wind power or electric mobility.
A local heating grid partially supplied by renewable solar heat is currently being built in a town in Bavaria. Heat pump systems provide additional storage capacity for electric grid surplus while they serve as wind energy dump for the local utility company. Cogeneration plants and peak-power boilers provide heat and power in times of low energy coverage. The low temperature heating grid supplies decentral heat pumps, which provide required heat at a much higher temperature level to each building.
The paper describes basic modeling aspects for district heating grids with SimulationX & Green City. An interesting solar-aided grid example helps to identify benefits of a new modeling approach.
Future of the Higher Education Estate - Impact of COVID-19 and Net-Zero Targe...IES VE
This webinar looks at how delivering a Digital Twin collaborative partnership between University Estates and Academic departments through a Living Lab style approach can deliver rich results and unlock alternative funding routes.
Building Energy Simulation project by using eQuestAsadullah Malik
The energy shortage crisis and the rapid change of global climate have become important issues in the world now a days since modern trends are shifting to more sustainable solutions to save energy and to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide. Generally speaking, when improving energy efficiency and adopting the energy –saving design, the advantage is not only providing low operating cost for stakeholders, but also reducing the negative impact on the global and ambient environment. This study analyzes the surveyed building integral energy consumption, evaluates its energy performance, and gives further recommendations for saving energy costs by using dynamic energy simulation tool eQuest.
TowerLabs: Accelerating Adoption of Green Building Technologies for CondosToronto 2030 District
Jamie James, Founder of TowerLabs @ MaRS showcases some of their research and the technology they are incubating to accelerate the uptake of cleantech in the condo sector.
Daylight and Wind Studies for Successful Planning Applications in IrelandIES VE
The webinar covered the current planning requirements for Daylight, Sunlight and Pedestrian Comfort Studies in the Republic of Ireland. We also examined the new daylight standard IS EN 17037:2018 and how it compares to the now withdrawn BS 8206-2:2008 standard.
Modelling Natural Ventilation in IES-VE: Case studies & Research OutlookIES VE
Daniel Coakley of IES spoke on the topic of “Modelling Natural ventilation in the IESVE: Case studies & Research Outlook” at a half day seminar on 20th April 2016, organised by Cork Institute of Technology (CIT), for researchers, designers, engineers & architects.
Modelling Natural Ventilation in IES-VE: Case studies & Research OutlookDaniel Coakley
Presented at Technical Seminar: Ventilative Cooling & Overheating Risk - Cork Institute of Technology, 20th April 2016
This half day seminar for researchers, designers, engineers & architects, is organised in collaboration with IEA-EBC Annex 62 and will present state of the art in utilising ventilation for reducing cooling energy demand and addressing the risk of overheating in low energy buildings.
The presentation focuses on natural ventilation modelling features in the IES-VE Virtual Environment and case study of the application of some of these features as part of the ASHRAE LowDown ShowDown Competition 2015.
Micro Climate Analysis and Passive Design
Bio Climatic Design and Thermal Comfort
Radiant System Capacity Evaluation
Low Energy Passive Design Strategy Matrix
Net Zero Energy School Energy Modeling Case Study
Low Energy Research Lab Energy Modeling Case Study
VAV Thermal Diffuser Parametric Energy Modeling Analysis
Plug Load Monitoring of Our Workstations
Core & Shell Energy and Daylight Modeling to Net Zero Case Study
Indoor and Outdoor Thermal Comfort Analysis
VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland is an impartial and independent provider of R&D services. The presentation outlines our competences related to energy systems and gives examples of results accomplished in partnership with the industry. Presentation at Wasa Wind and Solar exhibition.
Retrofit, build, or go cloud/colo? Choosing your best directionSchneider Electric
When faced with the decision of upgrading an existing data center, building a new data center or leasing space in a third party colocation data center, there are both quantitative and qualitative differences to consider. This session reviews several key factors to help make a sound decision including a business’ sensitivity to cash flow, deployment timeframe, data center life expectancy, regulatory requirements, and other strategic factors.
Retrofit, build, or go cloud/colo? Choosing your best directionSchneider Electric
When faced with the decision of upgrading an existing data center, building a new data center or leasing space in a third party colocation data center, there are both quantitative and qualitative differences to consider. This session reviews several key factors to help make a sound decision including a business’ sensitivity to cash flow, deployment timeframe, data center life expectancy, regulatory requirements, and other strategic factors.
Energy auditing and energy efficiency indicatorsCETN
Principles of Energy Auditing
Auditing process summary
Undertaking an Energy Audit in house
Commissioning a commercial Audit
Equipment for auditing
Results and dissemination
Barriers to implementation of energy efficiency
Questions and answer session
Free Cooling: A Complete Solution on Reducing Total Energy Consumption for Te...Ehsan B. Haghighi
Accordingly the number of telecommunication base stations is increasing all over the world. Consequently network operators are looking for smart energy management architecture for their base stations. This presentation addresses more energy efficient cooling strategies in order to reduce this figure. Combining air conditioning and free cooling systems (e.g. extracting fresh air into the envelope for the latter) is one of the promising and well-proven methods to reduce energy consumption in base stations. Furthermore, the potential of employing free cooling in either single zone (IT/electronic equipment and batteries in one envelope), or dual zones (IT/electronic equipment and batteries in two separate envelopes) strategies are investigated.
Webinar: Post-combusion carbon capture - Thermodynamic modellingGlobal CCS Institute
Vladimir Vaysman from WorleyParsons gave a Global CCS Institute webinar on 12 March 2013 to present a generic methodology developed to provide independent verification of the impact on a coal–fired power station of installing and operating a post-combustion capture plant.
Vladimir illustrated the methodology using Loy Yang A power station in Australia in five different scenarios that cover carbon capture, air cooling, coal drying and plant optimisation.
The methodology offers a sound approach to provide performance data and protect technology vendor IP while also providing confidence to the wider CCS community to evaluate a project.
Vladimir is a Project Manager with more than 31 years of engineering experience, including 14 years with WorleyParsons. He has undertaken an array of design and analysis studies and developed significant expertise across a range of technologies, from pulverised coal and circulating fluidised bed, to integrated gasification combined cycle and carbon capture. Vladimir has participated in projects in Australia, Bulgaria, Canada, China, Kazakhstan, Korea, Malaysia, Moldova, New Zealand, Poland, Romania, Russia and Ukraine.
How To Achieve a Green Energy WorkspaceOakland Air
How can you achieve a green energy workspace? Oakland Group look at this subject in greater detail, including some of the main options for introducing efficient and eco-friendly air conditioning in your workspace.
CW RADAR, FMCW RADAR, FMCW ALTIMETER, AND THEIR PARAMETERSveerababupersonal22
It consists of cw radar and fmcw radar ,range measurement,if amplifier and fmcw altimeterThe CW radar operates using continuous wave transmission, while the FMCW radar employs frequency-modulated continuous wave technology. Range measurement is a crucial aspect of radar systems, providing information about the distance to a target. The IF amplifier plays a key role in signal processing, amplifying intermediate frequency signals for further analysis. The FMCW altimeter utilizes frequency-modulated continuous wave technology to accurately measure altitude above a reference point.
Water billing management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project entitled “Water Billing Management System” aims is to generate Water bill with all the charges and penalty. Manual system that is employed is extremely laborious and quite inadequate. It only makes the process more difficult and hard.
The aim of our project is to develop a system that is meant to partially computerize the work performed in the Water Board like generating monthly Water bill, record of consuming unit of water, store record of the customer and previous unpaid record.
We used HTML/PHP as front end and MYSQL as back end for developing our project. HTML is primarily a visual design environment. We can create a android application by designing the form and that make up the user interface. Adding android application code to the form and the objects such as buttons and text boxes on them and adding any required support code in additional modular.
MySQL is free open source database that facilitates the effective management of the databases by connecting them to the software. It is a stable ,reliable and the powerful solution with the advanced features and advantages which are as follows: Data Security.MySQL is free open source database that facilitates the effective management of the databases by connecting them to the software.
NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN CONDENSING HEAT EXCHANGERS...ssuser7dcef0
Power plants release a large amount of water vapor into the
atmosphere through the stack. The flue gas can be a potential
source for obtaining much needed cooling water for a power
plant. If a power plant could recover and reuse a portion of this
moisture, it could reduce its total cooling water intake
requirement. One of the most practical way to recover water
from flue gas is to use a condensing heat exchanger. The power
plant could also recover latent heat due to condensation as well
as sensible heat due to lowering the flue gas exit temperature.
Additionally, harmful acids released from the stack can be
reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation. reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation.
Condensation of vapors in flue gas is a complicated
phenomenon since heat and mass transfer of water vapor and
various acids simultaneously occur in the presence of noncondensable
gases such as nitrogen and oxygen. Design of a
condenser depends on the knowledge and understanding of the
heat and mass transfer processes. A computer program for
numerical simulations of water (H2O) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
condensation in a flue gas condensing heat exchanger was
developed using MATLAB. Governing equations based on
mass and energy balances for the system were derived to
predict variables such as flue gas exit temperature, cooling
water outlet temperature, mole fraction and condensation rates
of water and sulfuric acid vapors. The equations were solved
using an iterative solution technique with calculations of heat
and mass transfer coefficients and physical properties.
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
1. Low Energy Building Design
Crit 1 – Group G
Mandy Wardrop | Nichola Murray | ChristopherWeir | Callum Maloney | Jonathan Donnard | Martin Choné
2. Crit 1
In today’s presentation we will cover:
Key activities
Project management
Research
Initial ideas
3. KeyActivities
Over the course of this semester we will develop a low energy data
centre for a major computing company by:
Meeting twice weekly to discuss project and update team
members on work done
Researching the site, climate and local resources available
Creating a concept design – an example of sustainable
architecture with efficient technical sub-systems
Undertaking performance and cost appraisals for our concept
Generate a web site to convey our work
4. Project
Management
Week 1-3
• Organise group
• Begin research of data centre use, data centre design criteria and the local area
• Prepare for Week 3 crit
Week 3-4
• Decide which team members will take responsibility for each relevant technical sub-system
• Research web site design
• Finalise sizing of data centre
Week 5-6
• Begin to generate web site
• Consider and create sustainable design for technical sub-systems
• Prepare for Week 6 crit
Week 7-8
• Undertake performance and cost appraisals for proposed design
• Prepare for Week 9 crit
Week 9-10
• Finalise design of data centre
Week 11-12
• Finish web site design
• Prepare for final crit
5. Research
SiteAssessment
Situated in the small village of Allandale , the site is located between two rail tracks
with close proximity to the M8O motorway.
The site occupies an area of around 6O,OOOm2 and was previously used as
Castlecary Brickworks until it closed in 198O.
Site is centrally located and therefore should make use of local materials available.
8. Research
Climate
0
5
10
15
20
25
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Temperature(°C)
Average Temperature Profile
Average Low Temp Average High Temp
Average temperature ranges from 1 - 19°C
Excessive heat loss for part the year
Overheating for part of the year
9. Research
Climate
Fairly constant levels of rainfall throughout the year
From SEPA flood maps – Medium chance of surface water flooding
associated with heavy downpours of rain
Possibility to utilise rainwater in the building design
10. Research
Climate
0
50
100
150
200
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
41
68
98
132
176
155 155 147
114
83
54
33
Sunshine(hours)
Daylight Profile
Yearly total of 1256 hours
High levels during the summer and significantly lower during the
winter
Large site so PV may be an option
11. Research
Climate
Wind speed
25.2 m/s (fundamental basic wind speed from Tedds)
Prevailing winds from the South West
Wind speed is reasonable consistent throughout the year
Atmospheric Pollution
Low – Moderate levels of pollution
Site may be affected by pollutants from the motorway and
industry in nearby towns
May cause some building materials to deteriorate
14. Research
CaseStudy
Equidix Data Centre – München,Germany
Areas :
Gross 5000m²
Computer room : 3200m² with 1000 cabinet
Power areas:
4 x power transformers at 1600 kVA
4 x diesel engines, generating a total output of 6400W
Cabinets
Raised Floor : 400-500mm
Lighting : 300lux
Security
15. Research
CaseStudy
Equidix Data Centre – München,Germany
Areas :
Gross 5000m²
Computer room : 3200m² with 1000 cabinet
Power areas:
4 x power transformer at 1600 kVA
4 x diesel engines at 6400W
Cooling system
Security
Offices
Loading dock
Car park
16. Initial Ideas
Considerations
We will appraise our options and make final decisions regarding our
design by considering the following:
Energy consumption and the impact of demand reduction
measures
The role of embedded new and renewable energy supply
technologies
The environmental performance of the design
The environmental impacts of the embodied and operational
energy
17. Initial Ideas
Buildingdesign
A data centre has strict operating conditions:
Running temperature should be between 40% and 60%
Light levels in the equipment rooms and office spaces should be
between 300 and 500 lux
Room acoustics should be considered to maximise the occupants
comfort
19. Initial Ideas
Technicalsub-systems
CoolingSystem
Factors to consider:
Ambient temperature v ideal temperature inside data centre
Relative humidity – prevent moisture forming
Prevent dust from entering cooling system/IT equipment
Cost
Environmentally friendly
Energy efficiency
Potential option to expand
20. Initial Ideas
Technicalsub-systems
Cooling specifications to meet:
Building needs to be continuously cooled to prevent IT equipment
overheating and failing
Needs to be at a suitable temperature for both computing equipment and
staff
Cooling demands should be minimised and passive cooling should be used
where possible
High
priority
Low
priority
22. Initial Ideas
Renewables
EnergySupply
Energy specifications to meet:
Should employ demand management
Minimise reliance on grid electricity
Maximise the quantity of energy supplied from local sources
Showcase for multiple renewable energy technologies;
High priority
Low priority
23. Initial Ideas
Renewables
Could use energy generated fromTodhill wind farm
roughly 6.5 miles away and has an annual energy
production of 26.29 GWh
24. Initial Ideas
Renewables
CHP – can control energy costs while improving reliability of power for
data centres
Could provide air conditioning as well as electricity for IT equipment
Would reduce emissions, includingCO2, SO2 and NOX.
Solar PV – large site area so solar panels could be used on excess land
Would only provide a small contribution in winter months
Relatively expensive initial costs
For our project we will source local climate data and then assess
supply/demand match to determine feasibility
25. Next steps
Our plan for the next 3 weeks is to:
Decide which team members will take responsibility for each
relevant technical sub-system
Research web site design and begin to generate our site
Finalise sizing of data centre
Consider and create sustainable design for the energy systems
Prepare for theWeek 6 crit
Editor's Notes
More cooling might be required in summer months compared with winter if the ambient temperature increases the temperature inside data centre
Moisture forming could damage IT equipment
Dust could not only damage IT equipment/cooling system, but also reduce the overall energy efficiency of the data centre
Cost – should be economical to install and maintain
Environmentally friendly – not use refrigerants, low carbon emissions etc. in cooling system
Energy efficiency – The energy demand of the data centre is already very large (5MW) so cooling system should require as energy efficient as possible
Picture – Computer Room Air Conditioning unit. From a company which specialises in data centre cooling systems
This requires a robust, dependable cooling system which shouldn’t need extensive maintenance.
The electricity required to cool data centres can be as much as 40% of the overall consumed power so it should ideally require as low a demand as possible.
Top graphic illustrates how water could be used in a heat exchanger system to cool the data centre. The site is closed to Forth and Clyde Canal
Bottom 2 graphics: these are types of absorption cooling systems which utilise the heat from the IT equipment to provide the energy required to drive the cooling system, rather than using electricity from the grid.
This could decrease the risk of power outages and reduce the reliance on grid electricity.