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This document discusses different methods of machine learning, including supervised learning where inputs are associated with expected outputs, unsupervised learning where outputs are not presented, reinforced learning where a teacher only indicates correctness, Hebbian learning based on weight adjustment through correlation, and gradient descent learning which minimizes error through weight updates based on the error gradient. These various learning methods are some of the most popular forms of learning in neural networks.
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Web tech
- VB.NET is an object-oriented programming language that is implemented on the .NET framework. It evolved from Visual Basic 6 but is not backwards compatible.
- The .NET framework is a software development platform created by Microsoft to build applications for the Windows platform. It was first released in 2002.
- The .NET framework can be used to create both web-based and desktop applications and supports languages like C# and VB.NET. Developers can select the language to develop applications.
Vani wt
The document discusses the Internet Server Application Programming Interface (ISAPI). It provides the following key details:
- ISAPI is an API for Microsoft's IIS web server that allows developers to create extensions (DLL files) that add functionality to the server. Extensions can be used to dynamically generate web pages.
- ISAPI extensions have full access to IIS functionality and run within an IIS-controlled process. Filters can modify incoming and outgoing request/response streams.
- Common ISAPI applications include ASP, ASP.NET, ColdFusion, Perl, and PHP. ISAPI makes it possible to use languages like C/C++, Delphi, and Visual FoxPro to create web applications.
Vani dbms
This document discusses concurrency control and its protocols. Concurrency control ensures correct results from concurrent operations while maximizing performance. It addresses issues that can arise from multiple transactions executing simultaneously on the same data. The ACID rules of atomicity, consistency, isolation, and durability are explained. Common concurrency control protocols include lock-based, two phase locking, and timestamp-based protocols. Lock-based protocols use shared and exclusive locks to control access to data. Two phase locking follows a growing and shrinking phase approach. Timestamp-based protocols serialize transactions based on timestamps.
Hema wt (1)
S.Azhagarammal has a MSc in IT from Nadar Saraswathi College of Arts and Science in Theni. The document discusses different data types used in programming languages including integers, booleans, characters, strings, enumerated types, pointers, and derived types. It provides details on how each type represents and stores values.
Hema rdbms
A transaction is a logical unit of work that maintains the ACID properties of atomicity, consistency, isolation, and durability. It can consist of one or more SQL commands or portions of an application program. Transactions must be atomic, leaving the database in a consistent state whether the transaction commits or aborts. Isolation ensures that transactions appear to execute sequentially despite concurrent execution. The database system guarantees transaction durability even in the event of failures.
Web tech
- VB.NET is an object-oriented programming language that is implemented on the .NET framework. It evolved from Visual Basic 6 but is not backwards compatible.
- The .NET framework is a software development platform created by Microsoft to build applications that run on the Windows platform. It was first released in 2002.
- The .NET framework can be used to create both web-based and desktop applications and supports languages like C# and VB.NET. Developers can choose the language to develop applications.
Web tech
- VB.NET is an object-oriented programming language that is implemented on the .NET framework. It evolved from Visual Basic 6 but is not backwards compatible.
- The .NET framework is a software development platform created by Microsoft to build applications that run on the Windows platform. It was first released in 2002.
- The .NET framework can be used to create both web-based and desktop applications and supports languages like C# and VB.NET. It includes class libraries for common functions.
Dbms
The document discusses database recovery from failures. It states that database systems must be able to recover data when failures occur. There are automatic and non-automatic ways to back up data and recover from failures. The document then describes log-based recovery which records database transactions and updates to a log to allow recovery of committed transactions despite failures.
Vani
Automated tools can aid various aspects of software maintenance such as analysis, design, implementation, debugging and testing. Important tools include text editors, debuggers, cross-reference generators, linkage editors, comparators and version control systems. Text editors can edit source code and documentation. Debuggers provide debugging capabilities. Linkage editors link object modules into executable programs. Comparators compare files and report differences. Software tools can improve software maintenance by aiding in design, development, testing and maintenance.
Hema se
The document discusses quality assurance and the responsibilities of quality assurance personnel. It explains that quality assurance aims to ensure products meet requirements through planned actions. Quality assurance groups develop standards, tools and techniques, and review work products for compliance. They create a quality assurance plan for each project detailing tasks, responsibilities and documentation checks. Quality assurance personnel also develop policies and testing aids, and perform final acceptance testing. The document outlines different types of software testing including functional, performance, stress and structure tests.
Software
This document discusses configuration management and source code metrics for software maintenance. It defines configuration management as tracking and controlling multiple versions of software products. Configuration management requires a plan and tools like configuration management databases and version control libraries. Configuration management databases store information on product structure, versions, status, and change history. Version control libraries manage source code and document files with version numbers and change histories. The document also describes two common source code metrics: Halstead's effort equation and McCabe's cyclomatic complexity measure, which are used to analyze properties of source code like complexity.
Operating system
This document discusses supervised and unsupervised training of artificial neural networks. In supervised training, both the inputs and desired outputs are provided to the network during training. The network adjusts its weights to match the outputs to the desired outputs. Unsupervised training only provides inputs to the network, and it must group the input data without guidance on desired outputs. Both approaches require sufficient data for training and testing the network. Supervised learning is more common and achieves better results currently.
Dataminng
This document discusses different aspects of training artificial neural networks. It explains that there are two main types of training: supervised and unsupervised. Supervised training involves providing the network with desired outputs for each input, while unsupervised training does not provide desired outputs. The document also discusses how neural networks are configured and trained, including choosing initial weights randomly and continually adjusting weights during training. It notes some challenges with training, such as networks not converging if there is not enough training data.
System calls
System calls provide an essential interface between a process and the operating system. They allow programs to request services from the kernel like hardware access, process management, file I/O, and communication. There are several types of system calls including process control, file management, device management, information maintenance, and communication. Common system calls are open(), read(), write(), and close(). These calls allow programs to access and manage files. System calls switch the CPU from user mode to kernel mode so programs can directly interact with hardware and memory.
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learning method
- 1. AZHAGARAMMAL, M.SC(INFO TECH) NADAR SARASWATHI COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCE THENI LEARING METHODS
- 2. HEADING
- 3. SUPERVISED LEARNING In this,every input pattern that is used to Train the network is associated with an output pattern. The error can then be change network parameter. Which result in an improvement in performance.
- 4. UNSUPERVISED LEARNING In this learning methods, the target output is not presented to the network. It is as if there is no teacher to present the patterns and hence.
- 5. REINFORCED LEARNING In this methods, a teacher though available does not present the expected answer but only indicated if the computed output is correct or incorrect. Supervised and unsupervised learning methods, which are most popular from of learning.
- 6. HEBBIAN LEARNING This rule was proposed by Hebb (1949) and is based on correlative we weight adjustment . This is the oldest learning mechanism inspired by biology. In this,the input-output pattern pairs(xi,yi) are associated weight matrix w, known as the correlation maatrix.
- 7. GRADIENT DESCENT LEARNING: This is based on the minimization of error E defined in terms of weights and the activation function of the network. Also it is required that the activation function employed by the network is differentiable as the weight update is dependent on the gradient of the error E.
- 8. WIJ=N∂E Weight update is the on link connecting the jyh necuron of the two neighbouring layers, then
- 9. THANK YOU