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1. Definition
Reading
Written language
Spoken Language
Social Uses of Language
Mathematics
Behavioral Problems
Perceptual
Memory
Social Competence
Assessment

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5. Reading
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11. Written Language poses
severe problems:
Handwriting
Spelling
Composition
Illegible and Slow Writing
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12. Their written work show
lack of
planning, organizing, draft
ing and editing.
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13. Developmental
Aphasia
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14. Spoken language poses problems on
the mechanical uses of language
syntax or grammar, semantics or
word meanings and phonology or
the breaking down of words into
their component sounds and
blending individual sounds to
compose words.
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15. Developmental Aphasia
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16. Pragmantics or Social Uses of
Language
•Problems in the ability to carry on a
conversation.
•Unable to engage in a give and take
conversation
•Find it difficult to understand ideas
•Long silences
•Inability to respond
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19. •Inattention
•Impulsivity
•Hyperactivity
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21. Perceptual, Perceptual-Motor, General
Coordination Problems
1.Exhibit Visual and/or auditory
perceptual disabilities.
Problem is in organizing and
interpreting visual and auditory
stimuli.
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22. Perceptual, Perceptual-Motor, General
Coordination Problems
2. Difficulty with physical activities that
involve gross and fine motor skills.
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23. Perceptual, Perceptual-Motor, General
Coordination Problems
3. Problems with attention and
hyperactivity.
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24. Memory, Cognitive and
Metacognitive Problems
•Problems in remembering
assignments or appointments.
•Disorganized thinking
•Lack of awareness skills, strategies
and resources to perform task
effectively.
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25. Memory, Cognitive and
Metacognitive Problems
Attention Deficit- Selective
attention or inability to focus on
relevant details of the lesson
Cannot scan all the sensory stimuli such as the
instructional aids used by the teacher but instead
distracted.
Coaching and effective selective attention strategies
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26. Memory, Cognitive and
Metacognitive Problems
Poor Memory- poor ability to store
and retrieve information
They lack the ability to organized information for
recall. Happens either because of the absent
, immature or inefficiently use of common
strategies for storing and recalling information.
The teacher calls him/her back to attention. Provide
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27. Problems in Social Competence
Learning disabled person may be
popular, neglected or rejected.
May have low social acceptance
but can enjoy popularity or may have
significant deficits in social skills but
enjoy acceptance.
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28. Assessment of Learning Disabilities
•Norm-referenced tests
•Process tests
•Informal reading inventories
•Criterion refrenced tests
•Direct daily measurement of
Learning
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29. Students with LD manifest deficits in
the expected number of skills for
mastery in a particular level.
Specific perceptual problems
are in visual
perception, auditory
perception, and visual-motor
TESTS
coordination.
•llinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities
•Marianne Frostig Developmental Test of Visual
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30. Criterion Referenced Tests
For specific subjects:
Reading
Language
Mathematics
Determine the
mastery level of
the student that
he/she should be
capable of
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31. Informal Reading Inventory
Consists of a series of
progressively more difficult
sentences and paragraphs
for oral reading.
Mistakes are recorded like problems in
consonants, omissions, reversals, substitutions
and comprehension.
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32. Direct Daily Measurement
Example: In Mathematics, the teacher
observes and records the correct rate
or how many times the student gives
wrong responses and the percentage
of correct answers.
So, the teacher can adjust his/her lesson.
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33. Direct Daily Measurement
Children with learning disability
should be identified early so he/she
will received his/her own
individualized educational plan.
A SPED teacher should assist a regular teacher in
her way of teaching so, the regular teacher will not
be engage in doing behaviors that would make the
student have inattention, impulsivity and
hyperactivity.
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