Second Declension Nouns (

1. Latin 1 / Intro to Latin A study of the Latin language and the history, culture, and geography of ancient Rome

2. Imperfect Tense Imperfect = not completed An action which was going on or was habitual in the past.

3. Imperfect Tense – Translation to English He was loving, he used to love, he kept on loving, he loved continually, he loved habitually

4. Verb formation Latin verbs: stem + tense sign + personal ending The present tense has no sign, so it is just stem + ending ama + nt = amant They love, they are loving

5. Latin verbs: stem + tense sign + personal ending Imperfect tense sign = ba Ama + ba + nt = amabant They used to love, they were loving, they kept on loving Verb formation – Imperfect

6. Second Declension No new concepts – just new endings

7. Second Declension – Gender Masculine Neuter

8. Second Declension – Stem Just like First Declension – chop off the ending servus, servī, M: servant, slave serv ī stem = serv

9. Figuring out Nominative Plural What is the plural or nucleus, radius, octopus, cactus, focus, alumnus, syllabus, fungus? What is the plural of millennium, curriculum? What does data mean? What is the plural of data? What about bacteria?

10. Second Declension – Endings Note: for neuter words, Nominative = Accusative All declensions Always

11. Second Declension – Declined servus, servī, M: servant, slave

12. Second Declension – Declined verbum, verbī, N: word

13. Second Declension – Vocab servus, servi, M: filius, filii, M: amicus, amici, M: deus, dei, M: annus, anni, M: dominus, domini, M: equus, equi, M: mundus, mundi, M: bellum, belli, N: templum, temple, N: verbum, verbi, N: donum, doni, N: servant, slave son friend (amica for female) god (dea for goddess) year lord, master horse world war temple word gift

14. Italia (Italy) Graecia (Greece) Sicilia (Sicily)

17. Adjectives in Latin Bad news – just like nouns, you have to decline adjectives Good news – adjectives use the same endings as nouns!

18. Adjectives in Latin Adjectives can follow: 1st & 2nd Declension Endings 3rd Declension Endings

19. Endings for 1st & 2nd Declension Adjectives

20. Adjective/Noun Agreement Adjectives must agree with the noun they modify in: Case Number Gender

21. Adjectives - Vocab bonus, bona, bonum: malus, mala, malum: magnus, magna, magnum: parvus, parva, parvum: laetus, laeta, laetum: clārus, clāra, clārum: good evil, bad, wicked large, big, great small, little happy bright, clear, famous

22. Adjectives - Vocab bonus, -a, -um: malus, -a, -um: magnus, -a, -um: parvus, -a, -um: laetus, -a, -um: clārus, -a, -um: good evil, bad, wicked large, big, great small, little happy bright, clear, famous

23. Adjective/Noun Agreement Little sons (nominative) Sons filius, filiī, M Nominative Plural Masculine fili + ī = filiī Small parvus, parva, parvum Nominative Plural Masculine parv + ī = parvī Parvīfiliī.

24. Adjective/Noun Agreement Large temples (dative) Temples templum, templī, N Dative Plural Neuter templ + īs = templīs Large magnus, magna, magnum Dative Plural Neuter magn + īs = magnīs Magnīstemplīs.

25. Adjective/Noun Agreement The teacher praises the good girl. Girl Case: Accusative Number: Singular Gender: Feminine puellam Good Accusative, Singular, Feminine bonam bonampuellam Magistrabonampuellamlaudat.