This report summarizes a lathe machine. It begins with an introduction on the history of lathes and the difference between manufacturing and production. It then discusses the construction details of various types of lathes. The report outlines the materials used for cutting tools and safe operation of lathes. Selection criteria for choosing a lathe machine is presented. Finally, dangers, safety practices, and maintenance of lathe machines are covered. Photos further illustrate the details of lathe machines.

1. REPORT
ON
LATHE MACHINE

2. MARWADI UNIVERSITY
Faculty
Of
Technology
In
Automobile
By
ZALA MILAN
ROLL NO.-91600107010
DEPARTMENT OF AUTOMOBILE
ENGINEERING
MARWADI UNIVERSITY,RAJKOT
2017

3. INDEX :
1. Introduction:
→ History
→About Lathe
→Difference Between Manufacturing &
Production
2. Construction Detail :
→Types Of Lathes
3. Cutting Tools
→ Material Use In Cutting Tools
4. Operation
5. Selection Of Lathe Machine
6. Dangers-Safety and Maintenanceof Lathe
Photos Of :
→ Detail Of Lathe Machine
→Disassemble Of Chuck
→Job Work On Iron Piece

4. 1. INTRODUTION
History :
→The Lathe Machine is the one of the
oldest and most important machine tools in the
metal.As early as 1569,wood lathes were in use in
France.
→ Lathe Machine also called as “Engine
Lathe”because the first type of the lathe was driven
by a steam engine.
→The cutting tool is feed into the work-piece,which
rotates about its own axis,causing the work-piece to
be formed to the desired shape.
→Lathe Machine also known as “the mother of the
entire tool family”.
→ Henry Maudsley is a
inventor of Center Lathe.
About Lathe
→A lathe operates on the
principle of a rotating work
Piece and a fixed cutting tool.

5. → Difference Between Manufacturing and
Production
＊ Manufacturing
→ When the raw material is used as input to
produce goods with the use of machinery is known
as Manufacturing.
→ Manufacturing consist of the generation of all
those goods that are suitable for use or it can be
sold out.
→ Men-Machine setup should be there for
manufacturing of goods.
＊ Production
→ The process of transforming resources into
finished products is known as Production.
→ Production involves the creation of the utility.
→ In case of production ,the only man is sufficient
for producing output.

6. 2. Construction Detail
＊Types of Lathe
1) Engine Lathe: The term ‘engine’ is associated
with the lathe owing to the fact that early lathes
were driven by steam engine.It also called as Center
Lathe.In the tool post is replaced by a square cross
slide which can hold four tools.
2) Bench Lathe: A bench top model usually of low
power used to make precision machine small work
pieces.It used for small w/p having a max. Swing of
250mm at the face plate.
3) Tool-Room Lathe: It has a wide range of spindle
speeds ranging from a very law to a quite high
speed up to 2500 rpm.It used for precision work on a
tools,dies,gauges and in machining work where
accuracy is needed.
4) Automatic Lathe: In this the work piece is
automatically fed and removed without use of an
operator.
5) Turret Lathe: turret lathe is the adaptation of the
engine lathe where the tail stock is replaced by a
turret slide(cylinder or hexagonal).

7. 3. Cutting Tools
→ Effective cutting tools combine a handful of
valuable properties.The key properties of
cutting tool material are hardness,toughness and
wear resistance.A cutting tool must be hard so that it
can remove metal without scratching.
＊ Material Use In Cutting Tool
→ One of today most common groups of cutting tool
materials is high-speed steel(HSS).
HSS can be divided into two major groups:
•Tungsten HSS were the first HSS tools created that
used Tungsten as primary alloying element. Shown
in fig.1
• Molybdenum HSS is
reduce the amounts of
costly tungsten.

8. 4. OPERATIONS

9. 5. SELECTION OF LATHE MACHINE OR
SPECIFICAON OF LATHE
→ The size of lathe is specified by the following
means:
(a) Swing or max. Diameter that can be rotated over
the bed ways
(b) Max. Length of the job that can be held in head
and tail stock centers
(c) Bed length,which may include head stock length
also
(d) Max. Diameter of the bar that can pass through
spindle.
So, at last five thing that keep on your mind when
you are choosing Lathe Machine :
1) Max. Swing over bed
2) Max. Swing over carriage
3) Height of centers over bed
4) Max. Distance between centers
5) Length of bed

10. 6. DANGERS-SAFETY AND MAINTENANCE
OF LATHE
＊Dangers
→Don’t touch cutter or chips while machine is
Running.
→Make sure work is clamped tightly in chuck.
→ Be careful to stay clear of chuck jaws.
＊ Safety
→ All lathe operators must be constantly aware
of the safety.
→ Handle sharp cutters, centers, and drills with
care.
→ Remove chuck keys and wrenches before
operating.
→ Always wear protective eye protection.
→Always stop the lathe before making
adjustments.
→ Know where the emergency stop is before
operating the lathe.
→ Correct dress is important, remove rings and
watches.
→ Do not change spindle speeds until the lathe
comes to a complete stop.
＊ CARE AND MAINTENANCE OF LATHE
Lathes are highly accurate machine tools designed
to operate around the clock if properly operated and
maintained. Lathes must be lubricated and checked
for adjustment before operation. Improper
lubrication or loose nuts and bolts can cause
excessive wear and dangerous operating
conditions.

11.  Detail of Lathe Machine

12. Detail of Chuck