This document discusses factors that affect reading, including language development. It states that a student's ability to express and understand thoughts through oral language provides the foundation for reading, and some reading problems can be caused by underlying language issues. It covers topics like oral and written language, receptive and expressive language, the four systems of oral language (phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics), speech and language disorders, English language learners, and how each of these can impact reading development and proficiency.

1. 11/11/2019 Luzvie A. Estrada, LPT
Language
Factors
FACTORS THAT AFFECT READING
ECE 4006
Reading Readiness and Language Development

2. 11/11/2019 Luzvie A. Estrada, LPT
LANGUAGE
Recognized as one of the greatest
human achievements
Permits human beings to speak of
things unseen, recall the past,
and verbalize hopes for the future

3. 11/11/2019 Luzvie A. Estrada, LPT
Students’ ability to express
and receive thoughts
through oral language
provides
the foundation for
reading; in other words,
reading is based on
language development.
Some students with
reading problems have
underlying problems
with language.

4. ORAL AND WRITTEN LANGUAGE
11/11/2019 Luzvie A. Estrada, LPT
Oral & Written
Language
Receptive and
Expressive
Language
Systems of Oral
Language
Speech Problems
and Language
Disorders
English Language
Learners (ELLs)
Components
under
Language
Factors

5. 11/11/2019 Luzvie A. Estrada, LPT
ORAL AND WRITTEN
LANGUAGE
Oral language provides a knowledge base for
reading and writing. Similarly, practice in writing
improves both reading and oral language.
Children who have delayed speech and language
development often experience problems in reading.
Oral language problems can contribute to reading
disability. About 8% of children fail to develop speech and
language at the expected age.

6. 11/11/2019 Luzvie A. Estrada, LPT
RECEPTIVE AND
EXPRESSIVE LANGUAGE
RECEPTIVE
-understanding
through listening
or reading
EXPRESSIVE
-using language
in speaking and
writing
• a student may appear to have poor language abilities because he or she
engages in little conversation or gives one-word replies to questions
• oral expressive language can be influenced by a student’s comfort level
• teachers must consider the student’s language abilities in both receptive &
expressive language

7. 11/11/2019 Luzvie A. Estrada, LPT
4 SYSTEMS OF ORAL
LANGUAGE
PHONOLOGY
• the sounds of
language
MORPHOLOGY
• meaningful
elements
within words
SYNTAX
• grammatical
aspects of
language
SEMANTICS
• vocabulary of
language
• Auditory
discrimination
• phonics system in
English is not
completely regular
• Difficulty in
recognizing
morphemes
• Lacks “structural
analysis”
• Children do not
acquire syntactic
ability
• They construct
syntactic rules for
themselves
• Ex. He goed to the
store.
• The complexity and
rich variety of a
language makes the
mastering of
vocabulary a lifelong
task.
• Limited vocabulary
development can
seriously hamper
reading.

8. 11/11/2019 Luzvie A. Estrada, LPT
SPEECH
PROBLEMS
ARTICULATION
PROBLEMS
VOICE DISORDERS
STUTTERING
LANGUAGE
DISORDERS
slow or atypical
development of
receptive and
expressive oral
language
Slow at talking & poor
in vocabulary
development
Difficulty learning to
formulate sentences
TWO TYPES OF
LANGUAGE PROBLEMS
RAPID AUTOMATIZED
NAMING (RAN)
- they cannot quickly and
automatically
name objects and are slow
with word finding

9. 11/11/2019 Luzvie A. Estrada, LPT
ENGLISH LANGUAGE
LEARNERS (ELLs)
students whose
native language is
not English
who are learning
English as a
second language
often have
difficulty with
reading because
they are not yet
proficient with the
English language
1 in 5 students
speaks a language
other than English
in his or her home.