Language and communication
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Introduction to Speech Communication, definition of language, definition of speech communication, gender fair language, examples of gender fair language, gender neutral language
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Language as a tool for communication
Language allows societies to effectively communicate knowledge across generations. It is a system of symbols with arbitrary meanings used to convey ideas. While some early words may have imitated sounds, most words today have no connection to their meanings, which are understood through shared social conventions. Language is an artificial, abstract, and creative human construct that is constantly evolving to meet changing needs through new words and modifications to meaning. However, it can only approximate reality and some meaning is lost in translation from ideas to linguistic symbols.
Lesson 1 defining language
Language is a complex system of communication that is unique to humans. It uses various systematic elements like sound and grammar to convey meaning. Sound patterns take on meaning when combined according to the rules of a language's grammar, where word order is critical. As a symbolic system, language evolves over time as new words are introduced and meanings of words change, allowing humans to articulate thought.
Spoken and written language presentation
This is a slides about spoken and written language. In this presentation I put the main differences between these two types of languages.
Sph 106 Ch 3
The document defines key terms related to language and communication, including language, speech community, words, and the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. It then discusses various uses of language and how meaning can vary depending on context, subgroups, culture, gender, and over time. Finally, it provides tips for improving language skills and speaking appropriately, including choosing precise language, developing verbal vividness, being linguistically sensitive, and avoiding jargon or offensive terms.
Xxx sharon power poing ct
Language can be both an excellent communication tool and a source of problems due to its ambiguity. There are about 500,000 words in English but many words have multiple meanings, allowing indirect and ambiguous expression. Ambiguous language can cause confusion and lead to overgeneralization. To avoid ambiguity, terms must be clearly defined through dictionary definitions, examples, or negation to clarify intended meanings and reduce miscommunication. Word choice affects audience attention, comprehension, acceptance of arguments, and perceptions of credibility and environment.
Language and thought relationship
This document discusses language and its various aspects. It begins by defining language as a system of symbols used for thinking and communication. It then explores different types of word meanings, including semantic, perceptual, syntactic, and pragmatic meanings. The document also discusses how language is used as a tool for clarification, social communication, and influence. It provides examples of how the English language has evolved over time. Overall, the document provides a high-level overview of key concepts regarding language and its functions.
What is Language
This document discusses the nature and characteristics of language. It defines language as a symbol system that is uniquely human, arbitrary yet structured, and acquired through social learning rather than instinct. The key points made are:
1) Language is a system of symbols that allows for the communication of ideas, emotions, culture and identity between humans.
2) It is characterized by properties such as displacement, infinite complexity, open-endedness, discreteness, and structural complexity that distinguish it from animal communication systems.
3) Language is acquired socially rather than instinctively, and every human must learn the language of their community.
Essay On Language
Language plays a powerful role in transmitting knowledge from a very early age, but it does not completely control our other ways of knowing. While language can influence our perceptions and thoughts on subtle, unconscious levels, it is also influenced by perception, emotion, and reason. The relationship between language and our other ways of knowing is highly interconnected, with each having some impact on the others. The statement that language controls all other ways of knowing is an extreme view that does not fully consider the complex, two-way interactions between language and our senses, feelings, and logical reasoning.
Recommended
Language as a tool for communication
Language allows societies to effectively communicate knowledge across generations. It is a system of symbols with arbitrary meanings used to convey ideas. While some early words may have imitated sounds, most words today have no connection to their meanings, which are understood through shared social conventions. Language is an artificial, abstract, and creative human construct that is constantly evolving to meet changing needs through new words and modifications to meaning. However, it can only approximate reality and some meaning is lost in translation from ideas to linguistic symbols.
Lesson 1 defining language
Language is a complex system of communication that is unique to humans. It uses various systematic elements like sound and grammar to convey meaning. Sound patterns take on meaning when combined according to the rules of a language's grammar, where word order is critical. As a symbolic system, language evolves over time as new words are introduced and meanings of words change, allowing humans to articulate thought.
Spoken and written language presentation
This is a slides about spoken and written language. In this presentation I put the main differences between these two types of languages.
Sph 106 Ch 3
The document defines key terms related to language and communication, including language, speech community, words, and the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. It then discusses various uses of language and how meaning can vary depending on context, subgroups, culture, gender, and over time. Finally, it provides tips for improving language skills and speaking appropriately, including choosing precise language, developing verbal vividness, being linguistically sensitive, and avoiding jargon or offensive terms.
Xxx sharon power poing ct
Language can be both an excellent communication tool and a source of problems due to its ambiguity. There are about 500,000 words in English but many words have multiple meanings, allowing indirect and ambiguous expression. Ambiguous language can cause confusion and lead to overgeneralization. To avoid ambiguity, terms must be clearly defined through dictionary definitions, examples, or negation to clarify intended meanings and reduce miscommunication. Word choice affects audience attention, comprehension, acceptance of arguments, and perceptions of credibility and environment.
Language and thought relationship
This document discusses language and its various aspects. It begins by defining language as a system of symbols used for thinking and communication. It then explores different types of word meanings, including semantic, perceptual, syntactic, and pragmatic meanings. The document also discusses how language is used as a tool for clarification, social communication, and influence. It provides examples of how the English language has evolved over time. Overall, the document provides a high-level overview of key concepts regarding language and its functions.
What is Language
This document discusses the nature and characteristics of language. It defines language as a symbol system that is uniquely human, arbitrary yet structured, and acquired through social learning rather than instinct. The key points made are:
1) Language is a system of symbols that allows for the communication of ideas, emotions, culture and identity between humans.
2) It is characterized by properties such as displacement, infinite complexity, open-endedness, discreteness, and structural complexity that distinguish it from animal communication systems.
3) Language is acquired socially rather than instinctively, and every human must learn the language of their community.
Essay On Language
Language plays a powerful role in transmitting knowledge from a very early age, but it does not completely control our other ways of knowing. While language can influence our perceptions and thoughts on subtle, unconscious levels, it is also influenced by perception, emotion, and reason. The relationship between language and our other ways of knowing is highly interconnected, with each having some impact on the others. The statement that language controls all other ways of knowing is an extreme view that does not fully consider the complex, two-way interactions between language and our senses, feelings, and logical reasoning.
Language in society
The document discusses several topics related to language in society, including bilingual education programs, African American English ("Ebonics"), slang, jargon, taboo language, and euphemisms. It notes that bilingual education programs take different forms, from transitional programs that phase out the native language to dual immersion programs that aim for all students to become bilingual. It also discusses how taboo words relate to social attitudes and give rise to euphemisms, as well as how secret languages and language games demonstrate humans' creativity with language.
The discrete nature of language
1. Language is characterized by discrete elements like words, phonemes, and stress patterns.
2. Words are discrete lexical items that differ from each other based on meaning. Phonemes are the smallest units of sound in a language.
3. Stress and pitch patterns are also discrete. Stress patterns distinguish syllables as primary, secondary or unstressed. Pitch patterns include falling, rising, and level tones.
Language and Critical Thinking
Language affects critical thinking in four key ways: how it impacts audience attention and comprehension, acceptance or rejection of arguments, the credibility of the arguer, and how people interpret their environment. There are four areas of language use important for critical thinking: word choice, ambiguity, definition, and intensity of language. Language choice is important as it can enhance credibility when used properly but damage it when used improperly.
Spoken vs written
Spoken and written language have both similarities and differences. Spoken language is unplanned, interactive, and uses gestures, intonation, and repetition. Written language is more planned, organized, and uses punctuation. Some key differences are that spoken language is transient and uses timing/tone for context while written language is permanent and uses formatting. Both forms of language are important parts of communication.
Language _linguistics
Linguistics is the scientific study of language. It involves analyzing languages and their structures at various levels including sounds, words, sentences, meanings, and uses in social contexts. The key features of human language that distinguish it from animal communication are its arbitrariness, creativity, displacement, and structure-dependence. Linguistics seeks to understand the nature, structure, and variation of language through scientific methods.
Ethnography of speaking and structure of conversation
Here are the 7 factors of a speech event based on the document:
1. Speaker - Samira Hashimzadeh (the author)
2. Hearer - The intended audience of the document
3. Message - Information about the ethnography of speaking and structure of conversation
4. Topic - Linguistic analysis of speech acts and conversational exchanges
5. Channel - Written document
6. Setting - University coursework
7. Code - Academic language
What is language
This document discusses key concepts related to language and linguistics. It defines language and discusses its core properties, such as being a systematic means of communication using symbols. It also explores linguistic knowledge and competence versus performance. Additionally, it examines the relationship between language and thought, universal properties of human language, differences between descriptive and prescriptive grammar, dialects, and what should and should not be considered a language.
Meeting 4 language attitude
This document discusses language attitudes and related concepts. It defines language attitude as inferences about people based on how they speak. People have attitudes toward their own and other languages. Attitudes are demonstrated through behavior. The document also discusses semantics shift, derogation, linguistic relativism, perceptual dialectology, social identity theory, and communication accommodation theory as they relate to language attitudes. It provides examples to illustrate key concepts.
Writing versus speaking
The document compares the key differences between written and spoken communication. It notes that writing transcends time and space while speaking is immediate, and that writing allows for revisions before publication. Additionally, it states that writing follows an organized structure, uses more content words, and aims to be error-free, whereas speaking utilizes gestures, intonation and allows for errors.
Spoken vs Written English
This document discusses African American Vernacular English (AAVE), also known as Ebonics. It begins by describing a hoax article about translating rap lyrics from "Ebonics to standard English." It then discusses the differences between AAVE and standard written English, noting that AAVE has systematic rules and should not be considered merely a collection of mistakes. The document emphasizes that AAVE is a legitimate dialect, not a sign of limited intelligence or a poorly spoken version of English. It explores the cultural value of AAVE and argues against judging people for using this dialect.
Language Acquisition 2
The document discusses different theories about how children acquire language. It describes Chomsky's theory that children are born with innate, universal grammar knowledge versus theories that children have innate puzzle-solving abilities or are guided by environmental factors like parental speech. While children seem predisposed to learn language, the evidence suggests they do not have firm, innate expectations and acquire knowledge gradually rather than by flipping switches.
Styles, Gender and Social Class
This document discusses linguistic styles, gender, social class, and domains of language. It covers topics such as style, formality, accommodation, register, slang, gender differences in language, social stratification, and audience design. The key points are that speakers vary their language based on factors like formality of the situation, the audience they are addressing, their gender, social class, and as a way to establish social solidarity or membership in a group. Language reflects social identities and power dynamics around gender, class, and occupation.
Language and Critical Thinking
Language defines humans and separates us from animals. The document discusses four important areas of language use for critical thinking: word choice, ambiguity, definition, and intensity. Good word choice involves using the most accurate words to convey a message. Ambiguous language can cause confusion while precise language offers the best communication. When defining terms, establishing common understanding of word meanings helps promote clarity. Intensity of language includes negative, emotive, and abusive words and their appropriate use impacts critical thinking and persuasion.
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The document provides an introduction to the study of linguistics. It outlines the main topics that will be covered, which include phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and discourse analysis. It defines linguistics as the scientific study of language and notes that language has a hierarchical structure that can be analyzed at different levels, from sounds to sentences. The document discusses some key characteristics of human language, including that it is primarily used for communication, is arbitrary in nature, exhibits duality of patterning, and is culturally transmitted rather than genetically inherited. It contrasts several properties of human language with animal communication systems.
Introduction to sosiolinguistics
This document provides an introduction to sociolinguistics. It discusses how sociolinguistics examines the relationship between language and society, exploring how social factors influence language use and how language variations exist between social groups. Some key topics covered include the differences between micro and macrolinguistics, sociolinguistics versus the sociology of language, social factors that determine language choice like participants and setting, and social dimensions of language like solidarity scales. The conclusion emphasizes that sociolinguistics research how language is used in a community and how social relationships and contexts influence linguistic variation and choices in vocabulary, sounds, words and grammar.
Applied linguistics; Motivation,competence and performance
The document summarizes key concepts in applied linguistics, including motivation and competence vs. performance.
It defines motivation as the reasons for people's actions and desires, noting two main types - instrumental motivation which is learning a language for practical reasons like a job, and integrative motivation which is learning to understand and interact with the language's culture and speakers.
It then explains the difference between linguistic competence, which is a speaker's underlying grammatical knowledge, and performance, which is the actual real-world use of language that can be impacted by errors or limitations unlike idealized competence. Competence represents the mental rules while performance is observable language production and comprehension.
competence vs performance elt
This document discusses the difference between linguistic competence and performance. Competence refers to a person's underlying knowledge of language rules, while performance is how that knowledge is applied in real-time speech and writing. Competence involves knowledge of morphology, syntax, semantics and pragmatics, while performance can be impacted by psychological factors like memory limitations or fatigue. Mistakes in performance do not necessarily mean a lack of competence if the speaker recognizes the mistakes. The relationship between competence and performance illustrates that knowing a language's rules differs from real-world application of that knowledge.
Appropriate Language
The document discusses using appropriate language when writing for an audience. It advises avoiding slang, euphemisms, biases, stereotypes, and jargon, as such terms can be confusing or offensive to readers. Instead, writers should choose language that fits the intended audience while accurately conveying the author's intended message in a professional manner without judgment or exclusion.
Gender Difference in Language Use
The document discusses differences in male and female language use. Some key differences are that males tend to initiate conversations more, interrupt more frequently, and give brief responses, while females tend to support conversations through questions and responses. Additionally, females historically used more hedging language to avoid conflict while males prioritized information transmission. The Genderlect Theory also proposes that males and females have inherent differences in communication styles, with females using conversation to build relationships and males using it to establish status.
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The document discusses developing a brand for the 30th anniversary of the Welfare Association. It outlines an agenda to define brand attributes, understand the branding process, build consensus on messaging, and discuss communication across channels. The session aims to be interactive, transparent, productive, and provide constructive criticism. The branding process will define requirements, develop the brand identity including visual style, language and positioning, and adopt the brand internally. Inputs include brand guidelines, stakeholders, communication channels, and the brand vision and messaging.
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Language in society
The document discusses several topics related to language in society, including bilingual education programs, African American English ("Ebonics"), slang, jargon, taboo language, and euphemisms. It notes that bilingual education programs take different forms, from transitional programs that phase out the native language to dual immersion programs that aim for all students to become bilingual. It also discusses how taboo words relate to social attitudes and give rise to euphemisms, as well as how secret languages and language games demonstrate humans' creativity with language.
The discrete nature of language
1. Language is characterized by discrete elements like words, phonemes, and stress patterns.
2. Words are discrete lexical items that differ from each other based on meaning. Phonemes are the smallest units of sound in a language.
3. Stress and pitch patterns are also discrete. Stress patterns distinguish syllables as primary, secondary or unstressed. Pitch patterns include falling, rising, and level tones.
Language and Critical Thinking
Language affects critical thinking in four key ways: how it impacts audience attention and comprehension, acceptance or rejection of arguments, the credibility of the arguer, and how people interpret their environment. There are four areas of language use important for critical thinking: word choice, ambiguity, definition, and intensity of language. Language choice is important as it can enhance credibility when used properly but damage it when used improperly.
Spoken vs written
Spoken and written language have both similarities and differences. Spoken language is unplanned, interactive, and uses gestures, intonation, and repetition. Written language is more planned, organized, and uses punctuation. Some key differences are that spoken language is transient and uses timing/tone for context while written language is permanent and uses formatting. Both forms of language are important parts of communication.
Language _linguistics
Linguistics is the scientific study of language. It involves analyzing languages and their structures at various levels including sounds, words, sentences, meanings, and uses in social contexts. The key features of human language that distinguish it from animal communication are its arbitrariness, creativity, displacement, and structure-dependence. Linguistics seeks to understand the nature, structure, and variation of language through scientific methods.
Ethnography of speaking and structure of conversation
Here are the 7 factors of a speech event based on the document:
1. Speaker - Samira Hashimzadeh (the author)
2. Hearer - The intended audience of the document
3. Message - Information about the ethnography of speaking and structure of conversation
4. Topic - Linguistic analysis of speech acts and conversational exchanges
5. Channel - Written document
6. Setting - University coursework
7. Code - Academic language
What is language
This document discusses key concepts related to language and linguistics. It defines language and discusses its core properties, such as being a systematic means of communication using symbols. It also explores linguistic knowledge and competence versus performance. Additionally, it examines the relationship between language and thought, universal properties of human language, differences between descriptive and prescriptive grammar, dialects, and what should and should not be considered a language.
Meeting 4 language attitude
This document discusses language attitudes and related concepts. It defines language attitude as inferences about people based on how they speak. People have attitudes toward their own and other languages. Attitudes are demonstrated through behavior. The document also discusses semantics shift, derogation, linguistic relativism, perceptual dialectology, social identity theory, and communication accommodation theory as they relate to language attitudes. It provides examples to illustrate key concepts.
Writing versus speaking
The document compares the key differences between written and spoken communication. It notes that writing transcends time and space while speaking is immediate, and that writing allows for revisions before publication. Additionally, it states that writing follows an organized structure, uses more content words, and aims to be error-free, whereas speaking utilizes gestures, intonation and allows for errors.
Spoken vs Written English
This document discusses African American Vernacular English (AAVE), also known as Ebonics. It begins by describing a hoax article about translating rap lyrics from "Ebonics to standard English." It then discusses the differences between AAVE and standard written English, noting that AAVE has systematic rules and should not be considered merely a collection of mistakes. The document emphasizes that AAVE is a legitimate dialect, not a sign of limited intelligence or a poorly spoken version of English. It explores the cultural value of AAVE and argues against judging people for using this dialect.
Language Acquisition 2
The document discusses different theories about how children acquire language. It describes Chomsky's theory that children are born with innate, universal grammar knowledge versus theories that children have innate puzzle-solving abilities or are guided by environmental factors like parental speech. While children seem predisposed to learn language, the evidence suggests they do not have firm, innate expectations and acquire knowledge gradually rather than by flipping switches.
Styles, Gender and Social Class
This document discusses linguistic styles, gender, social class, and domains of language. It covers topics such as style, formality, accommodation, register, slang, gender differences in language, social stratification, and audience design. The key points are that speakers vary their language based on factors like formality of the situation, the audience they are addressing, their gender, social class, and as a way to establish social solidarity or membership in a group. Language reflects social identities and power dynamics around gender, class, and occupation.
Language and Critical Thinking
Language defines humans and separates us from animals. The document discusses four important areas of language use for critical thinking: word choice, ambiguity, definition, and intensity. Good word choice involves using the most accurate words to convey a message. Ambiguous language can cause confusion while precise language offers the best communication. When defining terms, establishing common understanding of word meanings helps promote clarity. Intensity of language includes negative, emotive, and abusive words and their appropriate use impacts critical thinking and persuasion.
Introduction to linguistic dr. Sherine Abd El-Gelil ppt
The document provides an introduction to the study of linguistics. It outlines the main topics that will be covered, which include phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and discourse analysis. It defines linguistics as the scientific study of language and notes that language has a hierarchical structure that can be analyzed at different levels, from sounds to sentences. The document discusses some key characteristics of human language, including that it is primarily used for communication, is arbitrary in nature, exhibits duality of patterning, and is culturally transmitted rather than genetically inherited. It contrasts several properties of human language with animal communication systems.
Introduction to sosiolinguistics
This document provides an introduction to sociolinguistics. It discusses how sociolinguistics examines the relationship between language and society, exploring how social factors influence language use and how language variations exist between social groups. Some key topics covered include the differences between micro and macrolinguistics, sociolinguistics versus the sociology of language, social factors that determine language choice like participants and setting, and social dimensions of language like solidarity scales. The conclusion emphasizes that sociolinguistics research how language is used in a community and how social relationships and contexts influence linguistic variation and choices in vocabulary, sounds, words and grammar.
Applied linguistics; Motivation,competence and performance
The document summarizes key concepts in applied linguistics, including motivation and competence vs. performance.
It defines motivation as the reasons for people's actions and desires, noting two main types - instrumental motivation which is learning a language for practical reasons like a job, and integrative motivation which is learning to understand and interact with the language's culture and speakers.
It then explains the difference between linguistic competence, which is a speaker's underlying grammatical knowledge, and performance, which is the actual real-world use of language that can be impacted by errors or limitations unlike idealized competence. Competence represents the mental rules while performance is observable language production and comprehension.
competence vs performance elt
This document discusses the difference between linguistic competence and performance. Competence refers to a person's underlying knowledge of language rules, while performance is how that knowledge is applied in real-time speech and writing. Competence involves knowledge of morphology, syntax, semantics and pragmatics, while performance can be impacted by psychological factors like memory limitations or fatigue. Mistakes in performance do not necessarily mean a lack of competence if the speaker recognizes the mistakes. The relationship between competence and performance illustrates that knowing a language's rules differs from real-world application of that knowledge.
Appropriate Language
The document discusses using appropriate language when writing for an audience. It advises avoiding slang, euphemisms, biases, stereotypes, and jargon, as such terms can be confusing or offensive to readers. Instead, writers should choose language that fits the intended audience while accurately conveying the author's intended message in a professional manner without judgment or exclusion.
Gender Difference in Language Use
The document discusses differences in male and female language use. Some key differences are that males tend to initiate conversations more, interrupt more frequently, and give brief responses, while females tend to support conversations through questions and responses. Additionally, females historically used more hedging language to avoid conflict while males prioritized information transmission. The Genderlect Theory also proposes that males and females have inherent differences in communication styles, with females using conversation to build relationships and males using it to establish status.
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Language and communication
- 1. LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION Ruby L. Rivero Speech Communication Class
- 2. LANGUAGE •The method of human communication, either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in a structured and conventional way. •Any nonverbal method of expression or communication: "a language of gesture and facial expression".
- 3. LANGUAGE CONT… •Language is man’s most effective means of communication. •Used to express inner thoughts and emotions, make sense of complex and abstract thought, to learn to communicate with others, to fulfill our wants… •is the human capacity for acquiring and using complex systems of communication, and a language is any specific example of such a system.
- 4. COMMUNICATION •The imparting or exchanging of information or news. •A letter or message containing such information or news.
- 5. COMMUNICATION •Communication (from Latin "communis", meaning to share) is the activity of conveying information through the exchange of thoughts, messages, or information
- 6. COMMUNICATION •Spoken or verbal •Non-verbal Communication •Written communication •Visualizations
- 7. COMMUNICATION •Communication is the use of words to describe and convey a message or give information to another person. We communicate using language as a code to share information, ideas and feelings.
- 8. COMMUNICATION •Communication is like a double-acting hinge, swinging outward to release your own ideas and swinging inward to receive the worthy thoughts of others. – Stacey Huish
- 9. GENDER FAIR LANGUAGE CONTINUED A generation or so ago, English language usage standards used to tell us to use "man," "he," etc., when speaking about any unspecified individual.
- 10. GENDER FAIR LANGUAGE CONTINUED This standard has changed for several reasons: •it inaccurately represents individuals who are female or groups who are partly or wholly female;
- 11. GENDER FAIR LANGUAGE CONTINUED •it misleadingly focuses on the sex of the individual rather than what they are doing; •it indicates bias (even when you have no intention of doing so).
- 12. GENDER FAIR LANGUAGE CONTINUED •To remedy this bias, we use gender fair or neutral language in both our written and oral communication.
- 13. GENDER FAIR LANGUAGE CONTINUED How-to-do-it!: •Use gender-fair specific pronouns. (less he, him, his) •Structure the sentence without pronouns. •Use a double pronoun (his/or her). •Use passive voice sparingly.
- 14. GENDER FAIR LANGUAGE CONTINUED How-to-do-it!: •Use a more inclusive compound word. (e.g.: person, mortal, human and other numerous variations instead of “Man”.
- 15. GENDER FAIR LANGUAGE CONTINUED Examples: •Original: The policeman overtook the fleeing thief on the highway and prevented him from causing so much trouble. •Gender-Fair: The police officer overtook the fleeing thief on the highway and prevented him from causing so much trouble.
- 16. GENDER FAIR LANGUAGE CONTINUED Examples: •Original: The governor signed the workmen’s compensation bill. •Gender-Fair: The governor signed the worker’s compensation bill.
- 18. THANK YOU English 3 - Speech Communication