Agriculture, also called Farming or Husbandry, is the cultivation of animals, plants, fungi, and other life forms for food, fibre, biofuel, medicinals and other products used to sustain and enhance human life.
Agriculture, also called Farming or Husbandry, is the cultivation of animals, plants, fungi, and other life forms for food, fibre, biofuel, medicinals and other products used to sustain and enhance human life.
Urban Land Management & Options for Sourcing Land For Urban DevelopmentJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Presentation tries to brief the context , role and importance of Land in human sustainability, environment and ecology besides making planning and development of human settlements more rational, logical and sustainable. Message remains land needs to be preserved, conserved and augmented through making value addition. Minimising and optimising use of urban land should remain the basic agenda of development based on the premise- limited land and unlimited space. Planning of human settlement needs to be made land focussed and planning tools need rationalisation and optimisation. Urban Land needs to be used o the princiople of 24x7x365 for optimisation.
Land Management and sourcing land for sustainable Urban Development.JIT KUMAR GUPTA
Presentation tries to portray the global scenario of availability and utility of land as a resource, study, analysis of existing pattern of land use; land management; options for making teaching-learning in land more meaningful; identifying roadblocks in sourcing land for urban development; minimising land speculation ; makings landowner a partner of urban development process;; Paper also stides and defines good practices being followed in Rajasthan; options environments and ecology being used in Mumbai- TDR,AR, Land Pooling and how to make support of the environment and ecology, sustainable .
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Von thunen’s model of agricultural land useThe Urban Unit
This presentation is based on a agricultural land use model around the city. This is the theory of urban Geography it describe the agricultural pattern and how should the agricultural activities perform around the city. basically this Model was put forwarded before industrialization and when there was no roads networks and this Model is not applicable in real word but is gives great ideas for developing new towns and cities.
land resources of india+land utilisation.pptxLavVicky
it is about land resources and land utilisation pattern in india with the recent data on the same.classification of land resources and explanation for the different land types.
The layout or arrangement of the uses of the land is known as "land use pattern". The land may be used for agriculture, forest, pasture etc. Land use is determined by many factors like relief features, climate, soil, density of population, technical and socio- economic factors.Out of India's total geographical area of 328.7 million hectares, the statistical information about the land use pattern in India is available for only about 305.69 million hectares. It is based on village papers and on estimates. The land use has changed drastically since 1950-51.
Mechanized agricultural equipment and machinery are now more widely used in cultivation. In order to keep pace with technological innovations and to make the most use of them, technology must be adopted. In the agricultural sector, many recent technologies have an impact on crop production. This article provides an overview of most farming equipment.
Now, let's focus in detail on the use of some agricultural machinery.
Land is a basic natural resource, significantly contributing to a nation’s economy. Balances the Ecological and environmental factors to sustain all life. Economic resource-has a value as property. Most of the human activities are on lands. Land supports agriculture, transport, urbanization, etc. Encompasses all other natural resources, like water, oil, rocks, plants, animals and minerals. Land is a valuable natural resource utilized for cultivation of crops, settlements of population, creation of Dams and reservoirs, development of industries and maintaining forests and the Wildlife. India has divers range of landforms. They vary from the rainforest of Kerala in the south to the alpine pastures of Ladakh hills in the north, from the deserts of Rajasthan in the west to the evergreen forests in the north-east. Any kind of permanent or cyclic intervention of a land is called as landuse. It is the surface utilization of a vacant land or a developed land for a clear purpose, at a given time.
Urban Land Management & Options for Sourcing Land For Urban DevelopmentJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Presentation tries to brief the context , role and importance of Land in human sustainability, environment and ecology besides making planning and development of human settlements more rational, logical and sustainable. Message remains land needs to be preserved, conserved and augmented through making value addition. Minimising and optimising use of urban land should remain the basic agenda of development based on the premise- limited land and unlimited space. Planning of human settlement needs to be made land focussed and planning tools need rationalisation and optimisation. Urban Land needs to be used o the princiople of 24x7x365 for optimisation.
Land Management and sourcing land for sustainable Urban Development.JIT KUMAR GUPTA
Presentation tries to portray the global scenario of availability and utility of land as a resource, study, analysis of existing pattern of land use; land management; options for making teaching-learning in land more meaningful; identifying roadblocks in sourcing land for urban development; minimising land speculation ; makings landowner a partner of urban development process;; Paper also stides and defines good practices being followed in Rajasthan; options environments and ecology being used in Mumbai- TDR,AR, Land Pooling and how to make support of the environment and ecology, sustainable .
'
Von thunen’s model of agricultural land useThe Urban Unit
This presentation is based on a agricultural land use model around the city. This is the theory of urban Geography it describe the agricultural pattern and how should the agricultural activities perform around the city. basically this Model was put forwarded before industrialization and when there was no roads networks and this Model is not applicable in real word but is gives great ideas for developing new towns and cities.
land resources of india+land utilisation.pptxLavVicky
it is about land resources and land utilisation pattern in india with the recent data on the same.classification of land resources and explanation for the different land types.
The layout or arrangement of the uses of the land is known as "land use pattern". The land may be used for agriculture, forest, pasture etc. Land use is determined by many factors like relief features, climate, soil, density of population, technical and socio- economic factors.Out of India's total geographical area of 328.7 million hectares, the statistical information about the land use pattern in India is available for only about 305.69 million hectares. It is based on village papers and on estimates. The land use has changed drastically since 1950-51.
Mechanized agricultural equipment and machinery are now more widely used in cultivation. In order to keep pace with technological innovations and to make the most use of them, technology must be adopted. In the agricultural sector, many recent technologies have an impact on crop production. This article provides an overview of most farming equipment.
Now, let's focus in detail on the use of some agricultural machinery.
Land is a basic natural resource, significantly contributing to a nation’s economy. Balances the Ecological and environmental factors to sustain all life. Economic resource-has a value as property. Most of the human activities are on lands. Land supports agriculture, transport, urbanization, etc. Encompasses all other natural resources, like water, oil, rocks, plants, animals and minerals. Land is a valuable natural resource utilized for cultivation of crops, settlements of population, creation of Dams and reservoirs, development of industries and maintaining forests and the Wildlife. India has divers range of landforms. They vary from the rainforest of Kerala in the south to the alpine pastures of Ladakh hills in the north, from the deserts of Rajasthan in the west to the evergreen forests in the north-east. Any kind of permanent or cyclic intervention of a land is called as landuse. It is the surface utilization of a vacant land or a developed land for a clear purpose, at a given time.
Cancer cell metabolism: special Reference to Lactate PathwayAADYARAJPANDEY1
Normal Cell Metabolism:
Cellular respiration describes the series of steps that cells use to break down sugar and other chemicals to get the energy we need to function.
Energy is stored in the bonds of glucose and when glucose is broken down, much of that energy is released.
Cell utilize energy in the form of ATP.
The first step of respiration is called glycolysis. In a series of steps, glycolysis breaks glucose into two smaller molecules - a chemical called pyruvate. A small amount of ATP is formed during this process.
Most healthy cells continue the breakdown in a second process, called the Kreb's cycle. The Kreb's cycle allows cells to “burn” the pyruvates made in glycolysis to get more ATP.
The last step in the breakdown of glucose is called oxidative phosphorylation (Ox-Phos).
It takes place in specialized cell structures called mitochondria. This process produces a large amount of ATP. Importantly, cells need oxygen to complete oxidative phosphorylation.
If a cell completes only glycolysis, only 2 molecules of ATP are made per glucose. However, if the cell completes the entire respiration process (glycolysis - Kreb's - oxidative phosphorylation), about 36 molecules of ATP are created, giving it much more energy to use.
IN CANCER CELL:
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
introduction to WARBERG PHENOMENA:
WARBURG EFFECT Usually, cancer cells are highly glycolytic (glucose addiction) and take up more glucose than do normal cells from outside.
Otto Heinrich Warburg (; 8 October 1883 – 1 August 1970) In 1931 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology for his "discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.
WARNBURG EFFECT : cancer cells under aerobic (well-oxygenated) conditions to metabolize glucose to lactate (aerobic glycolysis) is known as the Warburg effect. Warburg made the observation that tumor slices consume glucose and secrete lactate at a higher rate than normal tissues.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
2. WHAT IS LAND USE?
- it is the function or functions that humans apply to
the land available to them. The study of land use is
the study of how the land is managed, including how
the natural world is adapted to human needs.
Zoning is related to land use but is
how governments regulate and
control it.
3. IMPORTANCE OF LAND USE
It tells us a great deal about the governments making
the decisions for land use and the priorities they hold.
The better we understand the way the world has been
adapted to human needs, and in what patterns, the
more we can predict future trends.
The better we can predict the future of land use, the
more we can prepare for negative impacts.
4. TYPES OF LAND USE
Residential
Transportation
Institutional
Open Space
Industrial
Commercial
Agricultural
5. ACTIVITY
Count from 1 – 4
Instruction:
Draw your own city plan that
consist of different types of
land use.
6. RESIDENTIAL
•Residential land is used for housing.
The type of housing in an area is based on
residential density, defined by:
•Number of housing units in a hectare (unit of land)
•A hectare is about 100 x 100 meters (or roughly the
size of two football fields)
7. Types of Residential
Density
Low Density
• Single-family homes,
semi-detached homes,
and duplexes
• Have less than 30
homes per hectare
10. TRANSPORTATION
Transport land is used for roads,
railways, subways, or airports.
Includes: sidewalks, roads,
highways, subways, streetcars,
railroad tracks, freight yards,
airports, marinas and any other
land that is used for transportation
11. INSTITUTIONAL
• Land that is occupied
by schools, hospitals,
government offices,
and places of
worship.
12. OPEN SPACE
• Land that is now vacant,
or left in a natural state
(like a woodlot), or land
that is for recreational
use (parks, playgrounds,
community centers)
13. INDUSTRIAL
Land that is used for
industry.
Some examples: Factories,
warehouses, power plants,
or places of resource
extraction (like mines).
14. COMMERCIAL
• Land that is set aside
for commercial
activities. This includes
any land use that is
used for buying, selling,
or trading goods and
services.
17. PHYSICAL FACTORS
• Relief - influences the extent to which farm machinery can
be used and the rate of erosion of the soil. On very steep
slopes it is difficult to use modern farm machinery, and such
slopes are also very subject to erosion. Relief can also affect
land use through its influence upon the climate (temperature
falls with an increase in altitude).
• Soils - the mineral content, the mineral texture and the
depth of soil affect the land use.
• Climate - the amount of rainfall (too little or too much), wind
and sunshine.
18. ECONOMIC FACTORS
•Capital - this is the money needed to buy land.
animals, seeds, fertilizers, tools, machinery etc.
•Markets - (In this case market refers to the
demand of a particular thing) Distance from
markets affect land use because very perishable
crops need to arrive in fresh condition.
19. HUMAN FACTORS
•Land Tenure - this is the rights a person has to the
land. If the land is not owned by the farmer, there is
no guarantee of continued land use, therefore he/she
only plant short-terms crops such as corn and peas
and have no incentive to improve the land and/or put
up farm buildings.
•Inheritance Practices - this is where there is not one a
single continuous piece of land, and are made up of
several scattered plots (known as land fragmentation).
20. • Tradition - farmers are accustomed to doing things as they
know it and therefore they are less productive because the
methods are outdated.
• Labor - On modern farms what now used to be done by hand
are now done by machines however, on small peasant farms
they use hand tools and generally there is a shortage of labor
during harvest time.
• The Role of Government - governments can influence
farmers towards the form of land use they feel are most
suited to the country's needs.
