This document discusses techniques for handling and restraining various animal species, including cattle, calves, sheep, goats, horses, and dogs. It describes restraint devices like halters, twitches, and muzzles. For cattle, techniques include nose leads, ear twitches, milking hopples, tail restraint, and crush restraint. Calves can be restrained by pulling their legs outward. Sheep are restrained by circling the neck or grasping the rump. Goats accept neck collars and do not tolerate being set up like sheep. Horses require a halter and lead at minimum, and may also be restrained verbally, physically using twitches, or chemically. For dogs, muzzles
This document provides information about what to expect during parturition (birthing) in sheep and goats. It discusses gestation length, signs that birth is impending, the three stages of birth (preparatory, labor, and cleaning), ensuring newborns receive colostrum, and aftercare including clipping the umbilical cord, providing warmth, and monitoring nursing. The key points are that birth typically occurs unassisted, it is important for newborns to consume colostrum within 24 hours for immunity, and farmers should provide support as needed while otherwise interfering as little as possible in the natural birthing process.
This document provides a detailed anatomical description of the os coxae (hip bone) in various animal species. It describes the three components of the os coxae - the ilium, ischium, and pubis. For each bone, it outlines the surfaces, borders, processes, and other anatomical features. It also discusses sexual differences in pelvic anatomy, comparisons between species like sheep/goat, horse, pig, dog, and fowl. Finally, it briefly covers clinical applications of pelvic radiography to evaluate conditions like hip dysplasia.
Induced Lactation in Non pregnant Cows: Profitability and Response to Bovine ...Faisal A. Alshamiry
Significant culling of high-producing cows with low fertility reduces profitability of dairy farms as those cows are replaced with heifers.
Induced lactation of non pregnant cows may be a management alternative to increase profits.
Adding replacement heifers to the milking string is one of the largest costsof dairy farming.
There is potential to increase income by reducing the number of heifers raised or by selling excess heifers.
An improved method to induce non pregnant cows into lactation could return to production valuable healthy cows that would otherwise be culled and at the same time decrease the need for replacement heifers.
Control means for estrous cycle control in sheepILRI
Presented by Mourad Rekik, ICARDA, at the EIAR-DBARC-ICARDA-ILRI (LIVES)-FAO Training Workshop on Reproduction in Sheep and Goat, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia, 13-15 October 2014
The document discusses feeding strategies for young stock and cows. For young stock, proper feeding and care pre-weaning is critical. Growth must be balanced across development, condition, and size. For cows, feeding varies by lactation stage. During dry periods, cows should maintain condition without overfeeding. In early lactation, high-quality feed maximizes peak yield and fertility. Feeding is adjusted in mid-late lactation based on individual production levels.
This document discusses techniques for handling and restraining various animal species, including cattle, calves, sheep, goats, horses, and dogs. It describes restraint devices like halters, twitches, and muzzles. For cattle, techniques include nose leads, ear twitches, milking hopples, tail restraint, and crush restraint. Calves can be restrained by pulling their legs outward. Sheep are restrained by circling the neck or grasping the rump. Goats accept neck collars and do not tolerate being set up like sheep. Horses require a halter and lead at minimum, and may also be restrained verbally, physically using twitches, or chemically. For dogs, muzzles
This document provides information about what to expect during parturition (birthing) in sheep and goats. It discusses gestation length, signs that birth is impending, the three stages of birth (preparatory, labor, and cleaning), ensuring newborns receive colostrum, and aftercare including clipping the umbilical cord, providing warmth, and monitoring nursing. The key points are that birth typically occurs unassisted, it is important for newborns to consume colostrum within 24 hours for immunity, and farmers should provide support as needed while otherwise interfering as little as possible in the natural birthing process.
This document provides a detailed anatomical description of the os coxae (hip bone) in various animal species. It describes the three components of the os coxae - the ilium, ischium, and pubis. For each bone, it outlines the surfaces, borders, processes, and other anatomical features. It also discusses sexual differences in pelvic anatomy, comparisons between species like sheep/goat, horse, pig, dog, and fowl. Finally, it briefly covers clinical applications of pelvic radiography to evaluate conditions like hip dysplasia.
Induced Lactation in Non pregnant Cows: Profitability and Response to Bovine ...Faisal A. Alshamiry
Significant culling of high-producing cows with low fertility reduces profitability of dairy farms as those cows are replaced with heifers.
Induced lactation of non pregnant cows may be a management alternative to increase profits.
Adding replacement heifers to the milking string is one of the largest costsof dairy farming.
There is potential to increase income by reducing the number of heifers raised or by selling excess heifers.
An improved method to induce non pregnant cows into lactation could return to production valuable healthy cows that would otherwise be culled and at the same time decrease the need for replacement heifers.
Control means for estrous cycle control in sheepILRI
Presented by Mourad Rekik, ICARDA, at the EIAR-DBARC-ICARDA-ILRI (LIVES)-FAO Training Workshop on Reproduction in Sheep and Goat, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia, 13-15 October 2014
The document discusses feeding strategies for young stock and cows. For young stock, proper feeding and care pre-weaning is critical. Growth must be balanced across development, condition, and size. For cows, feeding varies by lactation stage. During dry periods, cows should maintain condition without overfeeding. In early lactation, high-quality feed maximizes peak yield and fertility. Feeding is adjusted in mid-late lactation based on individual production levels.
The document describes the three stages of parturition or birth in various animal species. It discusses the signs, onset, duration and key events of each stage of labor and delivery for cows, mares, ewes, sows, camels, and bitches. The three stages are cervical dilation (1st stage), delivery of the fetus (2nd stage), and expulsion of the placenta (3rd stage). The document provides details on the physiology, timing, and observable behaviors associated with each stage of parturition for different animals.
The document discusses the utility of dogs, preparation of dogs for dog shows, and principles of dog training. It outlines several ways dogs can be useful, such as assisting blind or disabled people, detecting drugs, gas leaks, and explosives. It provides details on preparing a dog for a dog show, including bathing, grooming, packing necessary items, and tips for the show. The principles of dog training are explained as knowing how to train, repetition, patience, praise for correct behavior, and correction for mistakes.
This document discusses the classification and identification of various cattle breeds. It begins by outlining how cattle breeds have developed through selective breeding over many generations. It then defines what constitutes a cattle breed and notes there are over 250 recognized breeds worldwide. The document proceeds to describe traits of economic importance to beef cattle like reproductive performance, growth rates, and carcass quality. Finally, it provides details on specific breeds, categorizing them as tropical Zebu cattle, tropical cattle of European type, or temperate breeds, and highlighting traits of several example breeds.
The document provides an anatomy of the hoof, describing its various parts. It notes that hooves consist of horn tissue that grows downward continuously as the wall wears away. It describes the hoof walls, sole, white line, frog, bars, bones and other structures of cloven-hooved animals like cattle. The coronary band produces the tubules of the outer hoof wall and provides strength to internal structures as the hoof distorts during movement. Blood is supplied to the hoof through five venous plexuses that nourish its various tissues.
The document provides guidance on caring for cows before, during, and after calving. It discusses isolating cows that are close to calving, monitoring for signs that calving is imminent, and what to do during each stage of the calving process. It also covers caring for the newborn calf, ensuring it receives colostrum, and general feeding and health practices for mother and calf in the days and weeks after birth.
Goat owners need to understand the basic structure and functioning of goats if they are to maintain the health and increase the productivity of their herds. This brief outline of the goat’s anatomy and physiology is a starting point for those who want to begin keeping goats, and for established producers who would like to fine-tune their knowledge. Anatomy is the branch of biological science that deals with the form and structure of animals.
Physiology is the branch that deals with the function of the body
Female Reproductive Tract Anatomy of Domestic AnimalsGarry D. Lasaga
The document summarizes the anatomy and function of the female bovine reproductive system. It describes the main components including the ovaries, oviducts, uterus, cervix, vagina, and external genitalia. It explains how the ovaries produce eggs and hormones, and how the oviducts, uterus, and cervix work together to transport eggs and embryos, and later provide a suitable environment for fetal growth and birth.
This document discusses equine dentition and dental problems in horses. It provides details on the types of teeth in horses, including incisors, canines, premolars and molars. It describes the process of teeth eruption and how to age horses by examining their teeth. Common dental problems are outlined such as retained caps, wolf teeth, hooks, and uneven wear. Signs of dental issues and importance of regular dental examinations are covered. Various dental conditions and problems affecting chewing are also summarized.
The document discusses the anatomy and embryonic origin of female reproductive organs, specifically the ovaries. It describes how ovaries form from the embryonic genital ridges and migrate to different locations in different species during fetal development. The structure of ovaries is explained as having an outer epithelial layer, inner cortex and medulla layers, and a connective tissue stroma. Functional ovarian structures like primordial and primary follicles are also discussed. Location of ovaries in various animal species is outlined.
The document provides guidelines for feeding sheep and goats at different stages of production. It discusses nutrient requirements for maintenance, flushing, gestation, lactation, weaning, and growing lambs and kids. Feeding recommendations are given for different forage types and amounts of grain supplementation. Protein levels are outlined for various classes of animals. The goal is to meet nutritional needs at lowest cost while maintaining body condition.
Obstectrical instruments and their usesTanmay Tewari
This document describes various obstetrical instruments and their uses. It discusses instruments used for traction/extraction of the fetus like snares, chains, and hooks. Instruments used for incision/excision like embryotomy knives and wire saws are also outlined. Finally, instruments for repulsion and rotation of the fetus like the Kuhn crutch repeller and Caminerer's detorsion fork are mentioned. A variety of miscellaneous equipment needed for obstetrical procedures is also listed.
Perumal care and management of pregnant sowPerumal Ponraj
This document provides guidance on caring for and managing pregnant sows. Key points include cleaning the farm premises daily, feeding sows a balanced diet with increased nutrients as pregnancy progresses, monitoring sows for signs of farrowing, assisting with the birthing process if needed, providing iron supplements to newborn piglets, and separating newborns from sows after farrowing to allow sow to rest while also feeding piglets. The document outlines best practices for ensuring the health of sows and piglets throughout pregnancy and after farrowing.
1. Reproduction and infertility in female buffaloes is influenced by factors like season, age at puberty, estrus cycle length, and breeding methods. Common reproductive issues include delayed puberty, anestrus, and metritis.
2. Transrectal palpation and ultrasonography are used to detect estrus and diagnose pregnancy. Bacterial diseases like brucellosis and viral diseases can cause infertility and abortion in buffaloes.
3. Metritis and endometritis are common post-partum issues treated with antibiotics and uterine lavage. Other uterine conditions like pyometra and mucometra require drainage and prostaglandin administration.
The document discusses common diseases and health issues that affect sheep and goats. It covers diseases associated with lambs/kids such as enterotoxemia, soremouth, epididymitis, white muscle disease, and urinary calculi. It also discusses diseases associated with lambing/kidding including pregnancy toxemia, milk fever, mastitis, and prolapses. Proper management practices such as vaccination, nutrition, sanitation can help prevent many of these diseases and ensure the health of sheep and goat flocks.
Ducks are mainly classified into two types - egg type and meat type breeds. The document describes the physical features and characteristics of various meat type duck breeds including Muscovy, Aylesbury, Pekins, and Rouen as well as egg type breeds like Khaki Campbell and Indian Runner. The Muscovy originated in Brazil and has unique traits such as hissing instead of quacking and laying eggs in clutches. The Pekin is one of the most popular meat breeds while the Aylesbury is known for its pure white plumage and use for meat. Indian Runners are considered the best egg producing breed, capable of laying over 300 eggs per year.
This presentation is from a webinar series on management of the ewe and doe from late gestation through weaning. This presentation is on Neonatal care (care of the lamb and kid from day 0 to day 14).
The document discusses the principles and process of breeding horses, including selecting mares and stallions, monitoring the mare's estrus cycle, artificial insemination, ultrasound scans to confirm pregnancy, foaling, and caring for newborn foals. The goals are to maximize the chances of conception and delivery of healthy foals, while ensuring the well-being of the mare and foal. Proper record keeping is also emphasized.
Presentation given at the 2011 Lambing & Kidding School in Wye Mills, MD, by Susan Schoenian, University of Maryland Extension Sheep & Goat Specialist.
The document describes the three stages of parturition or birth in various animal species. It discusses the signs, onset, duration and key events of each stage of labor and delivery for cows, mares, ewes, sows, camels, and bitches. The three stages are cervical dilation (1st stage), delivery of the fetus (2nd stage), and expulsion of the placenta (3rd stage). The document provides details on the physiology, timing, and observable behaviors associated with each stage of parturition for different animals.
The document discusses the utility of dogs, preparation of dogs for dog shows, and principles of dog training. It outlines several ways dogs can be useful, such as assisting blind or disabled people, detecting drugs, gas leaks, and explosives. It provides details on preparing a dog for a dog show, including bathing, grooming, packing necessary items, and tips for the show. The principles of dog training are explained as knowing how to train, repetition, patience, praise for correct behavior, and correction for mistakes.
This document discusses the classification and identification of various cattle breeds. It begins by outlining how cattle breeds have developed through selective breeding over many generations. It then defines what constitutes a cattle breed and notes there are over 250 recognized breeds worldwide. The document proceeds to describe traits of economic importance to beef cattle like reproductive performance, growth rates, and carcass quality. Finally, it provides details on specific breeds, categorizing them as tropical Zebu cattle, tropical cattle of European type, or temperate breeds, and highlighting traits of several example breeds.
The document provides an anatomy of the hoof, describing its various parts. It notes that hooves consist of horn tissue that grows downward continuously as the wall wears away. It describes the hoof walls, sole, white line, frog, bars, bones and other structures of cloven-hooved animals like cattle. The coronary band produces the tubules of the outer hoof wall and provides strength to internal structures as the hoof distorts during movement. Blood is supplied to the hoof through five venous plexuses that nourish its various tissues.
The document provides guidance on caring for cows before, during, and after calving. It discusses isolating cows that are close to calving, monitoring for signs that calving is imminent, and what to do during each stage of the calving process. It also covers caring for the newborn calf, ensuring it receives colostrum, and general feeding and health practices for mother and calf in the days and weeks after birth.
Goat owners need to understand the basic structure and functioning of goats if they are to maintain the health and increase the productivity of their herds. This brief outline of the goat’s anatomy and physiology is a starting point for those who want to begin keeping goats, and for established producers who would like to fine-tune their knowledge. Anatomy is the branch of biological science that deals with the form and structure of animals.
Physiology is the branch that deals with the function of the body
Female Reproductive Tract Anatomy of Domestic AnimalsGarry D. Lasaga
The document summarizes the anatomy and function of the female bovine reproductive system. It describes the main components including the ovaries, oviducts, uterus, cervix, vagina, and external genitalia. It explains how the ovaries produce eggs and hormones, and how the oviducts, uterus, and cervix work together to transport eggs and embryos, and later provide a suitable environment for fetal growth and birth.
This document discusses equine dentition and dental problems in horses. It provides details on the types of teeth in horses, including incisors, canines, premolars and molars. It describes the process of teeth eruption and how to age horses by examining their teeth. Common dental problems are outlined such as retained caps, wolf teeth, hooks, and uneven wear. Signs of dental issues and importance of regular dental examinations are covered. Various dental conditions and problems affecting chewing are also summarized.
The document discusses the anatomy and embryonic origin of female reproductive organs, specifically the ovaries. It describes how ovaries form from the embryonic genital ridges and migrate to different locations in different species during fetal development. The structure of ovaries is explained as having an outer epithelial layer, inner cortex and medulla layers, and a connective tissue stroma. Functional ovarian structures like primordial and primary follicles are also discussed. Location of ovaries in various animal species is outlined.
The document provides guidelines for feeding sheep and goats at different stages of production. It discusses nutrient requirements for maintenance, flushing, gestation, lactation, weaning, and growing lambs and kids. Feeding recommendations are given for different forage types and amounts of grain supplementation. Protein levels are outlined for various classes of animals. The goal is to meet nutritional needs at lowest cost while maintaining body condition.
Obstectrical instruments and their usesTanmay Tewari
This document describes various obstetrical instruments and their uses. It discusses instruments used for traction/extraction of the fetus like snares, chains, and hooks. Instruments used for incision/excision like embryotomy knives and wire saws are also outlined. Finally, instruments for repulsion and rotation of the fetus like the Kuhn crutch repeller and Caminerer's detorsion fork are mentioned. A variety of miscellaneous equipment needed for obstetrical procedures is also listed.
Perumal care and management of pregnant sowPerumal Ponraj
This document provides guidance on caring for and managing pregnant sows. Key points include cleaning the farm premises daily, feeding sows a balanced diet with increased nutrients as pregnancy progresses, monitoring sows for signs of farrowing, assisting with the birthing process if needed, providing iron supplements to newborn piglets, and separating newborns from sows after farrowing to allow sow to rest while also feeding piglets. The document outlines best practices for ensuring the health of sows and piglets throughout pregnancy and after farrowing.
1. Reproduction and infertility in female buffaloes is influenced by factors like season, age at puberty, estrus cycle length, and breeding methods. Common reproductive issues include delayed puberty, anestrus, and metritis.
2. Transrectal palpation and ultrasonography are used to detect estrus and diagnose pregnancy. Bacterial diseases like brucellosis and viral diseases can cause infertility and abortion in buffaloes.
3. Metritis and endometritis are common post-partum issues treated with antibiotics and uterine lavage. Other uterine conditions like pyometra and mucometra require drainage and prostaglandin administration.
The document discusses common diseases and health issues that affect sheep and goats. It covers diseases associated with lambs/kids such as enterotoxemia, soremouth, epididymitis, white muscle disease, and urinary calculi. It also discusses diseases associated with lambing/kidding including pregnancy toxemia, milk fever, mastitis, and prolapses. Proper management practices such as vaccination, nutrition, sanitation can help prevent many of these diseases and ensure the health of sheep and goat flocks.
Ducks are mainly classified into two types - egg type and meat type breeds. The document describes the physical features and characteristics of various meat type duck breeds including Muscovy, Aylesbury, Pekins, and Rouen as well as egg type breeds like Khaki Campbell and Indian Runner. The Muscovy originated in Brazil and has unique traits such as hissing instead of quacking and laying eggs in clutches. The Pekin is one of the most popular meat breeds while the Aylesbury is known for its pure white plumage and use for meat. Indian Runners are considered the best egg producing breed, capable of laying over 300 eggs per year.
This presentation is from a webinar series on management of the ewe and doe from late gestation through weaning. This presentation is on Neonatal care (care of the lamb and kid from day 0 to day 14).
The document discusses the principles and process of breeding horses, including selecting mares and stallions, monitoring the mare's estrus cycle, artificial insemination, ultrasound scans to confirm pregnancy, foaling, and caring for newborn foals. The goals are to maximize the chances of conception and delivery of healthy foals, while ensuring the well-being of the mare and foal. Proper record keeping is also emphasized.
Presentation given at the 2011 Lambing & Kidding School in Wye Mills, MD, by Susan Schoenian, University of Maryland Extension Sheep & Goat Specialist.
Gestation in mares typically lasts around 11 months and 5 days, ranging from 305 to 400 days. Several factors can affect gestation length, including breed, season, sex of the foal, and age of the mare. Signs that a mare is approaching parturition include swelling of the mammary glands, changes in the abdomen, and relaxation of the pelvic ligaments. Labor in mares occurs in four phases, with the first phase involving restlessness as uterine contractions begin and the last phase involving delivery of the foal once the hips have exited the pelvis.
Hello My name is Altho Njovu, a student on BSc. Agriculture General at Sokoine University of Agriculture. I have been finding it harder to find online relevant materials for studying and doing different academic assignments so after facing this problem i decided to be uploading different materials concerning my field so as for anyone facing the same problem as me can benefit from my uploads and solve their challenges. Thank you!!!
This document discusses dystocia (difficult birth) in sheep and goats. It describes various causes of dystocia including oversized fetuses, malpresentation, and complications during delivery. Problems that can occur before and after birth are also outlined, such as pregnancy toxemia, milk fever, ringwomb, vaginal prolapse, and retained placenta. Guidelines are provided for identifying when human assistance is needed during delivery and how to properly assist, including correcting fetal malpositions. Reviving distressed lambs/kids and avoiding common mistakes during assistance are also addressed.
This document provides information on goat management, including different goat breeds, health concerns, feeding, housing, breeding, and developing a herd health management program. It discusses the Nubian, Anglo-Nubian, Alpine, Damascus, Angora, and Somali breeds. Common diseases mentioned are CAE, caseous lymphadenitis, pregnancy toxemia, and selenium deficiency. The document emphasizes the importance of proper nutrition, facilities, health protocols like deworming, and record keeping for goat health.
Why you should care about extending the lifetime of your dairy cowsAntonella Strömberg
This document discusses strategies to reduce involuntary culling of dairy cows. It notes that 30-45% of cows are replaced each year, with 70-80% of cullings being involuntary due to issues like mastitis, lameness, and fertility problems. This level of involuntary culling is costly to farmers. The document recommends several approaches to improve cow health and welfare, like ensuring adequate space, feed, and water for cows, in order to extend their productive lifetime in the herd from an average of 2.5 lactations to 3.5 lactations or more. Proper colostrum feeding and calf care from birth also impact future productivity. Implementing best practices around facilities, hygiene, comfort and
This document provides guidance on caring for mares after giving birth (postpartum). It discusses allowing the mare to rest after foaling, monitoring for placental expulsion, checking for vaginal discharge, ensuring adequate milk production, exercise and nutrition, deworming, and treating any complications. Complications addressed include postpartum hemorrhage, uterine rupture, and mastitis. The checklist at the end reviews important tasks for newborn foal care.
This document summarizes common diseases that affect sheep and goat flocks, with a focus on diseases that impact lambs from birth to feeding age. It describes non-infectious diseases like starvation caused by the ewe's inability to nurse, as well as infectious diseases contracted in utero, such as toxoplasmosis, Brucella ovis, and Border Disease. For each disease, it provides details on causes, clinical signs, treatment, and prevention methods to maintain flock health and control disease.
8. sheep goat production.flock health.BY DOCTOR HAFTOMmereseat
This document summarizes various diseases that affect sheep and goat flocks. It discusses non-infectious and infectious diseases that impact newborn lambs in their first few weeks, including starvation, hypothermia, trauma, and entropion. Infectious diseases covered include toxoplasmosis, brucellosis ovis, and border disease. The document also outlines diseases acquired after birth, respiratory diseases of lambs, and diseases that affect feeder lambs from 3 weeks to market. Prevention and treatment methods are provided for many of the diseases.
This document discusses best practices for beef cattle calving and calf management. It provides reproductive goals for beef herds and recommendations for breeding heifers. It covers selection of replacement heifers and measuring pelvic area. The document describes calving difficulties and assistance, as well as common calving problems like prolapse. It also discusses colostrum management, nursing calves, calf scours, bovine respiratory disease, weaning practices, and vaccinations. The overall message is that reproduction and calf health and performance are the most economically important traits in beef cattle.
The document provides guidelines for selecting, caring for, training, and showing a calf at a calf club competition. It discusses selecting a calf with the right temperament and health, grazing and feeding requirements which include twice daily milk feeds, introducing calf meal at 2 weeks, weaning at 2-3 weeks, and fitting and training the calf with a halter to lead. It also describes the three competition classes - leading, child effort, and type - and provides details about performing each class.
B.Sc. Agri II LPM U 3 Milk Production System In LivestockRai University
The document discusses the structure and physiology of the udder and milk secretion in livestock. It describes the structure of the udder, including the alveoli, ducts, and cisterns. It explains how oxytocin triggers the letdown reflex to release milk from the alveoli into the ducts upon stimulation of the udder. It also provides feeding and management guidelines for calves, including colostrum feeding and weaning methods.
The document provides guidance on caring for piglets from birth through weaning. Key points include:
- Ensuring piglets receive colostrum within the first day to acquire immunity and nutrients.
- Maintaining warm temperatures in the creep area and providing supplemental iron if needed.
- Performing procedures like tail docking, teeth clipping, and castration within the first week.
- Starting creep feeding around 2-3 weeks and monitoring for common diseases prior to weaning between 4-8 weeks of age.
breast feeding problems can be easily tackled by obstetricians provided they make conscious efforts to look into the problem,they can create awareness among the paramedical people who are under their direct control
This document discusses various management practices for young lambs and kids including tubing, docking, castrating, disbudding, and identifying. It provides information on why each practice is performed, the appropriate age to perform it, and how to humanely carry out the practice. It emphasizes using pain relief when possible and highlights welfare considerations for each procedure.
The document provides guidance on tube feeding newborn lambs and kids. Tube feeding can save their lives by providing nutrition when the dam is unavailable or unable to nurse. It describes when tube feeding may be necessary, such as if the dam has died or lacks milk. The document emphasizes the importance of colostrum for newborn immunity and outlines best sources of colostrum. Finally, it provides step-by-step instructions for tube feeding, including warming milk or colostrum, measuring tube insertion depth, and allowing fluid to trickle in slowly.
Jan Kleinschmidt talks about the importance of nutrition from birth to weaning. She covers topics like preparing the dam, colostrum management, milk replacers, calf starter, feeding hay, and weaning.
Feed costs usually account for up to 75% of costs in a small ruminant enterprise. Reproductive efficiency and market prices also greatly impact profitability. To increase profits, producers should focus on reducing expenses like feed costs through strategies like maximizing pasture use, proper hay storage, and mixing their own rations. Producers should also focus on increasing income through higher reproductive rates and selling surplus lambs and kids. Achieving reproductive rates over 150% and weaning rates over 100% kids/ewes are important benchmarks for profitability.
This document discusses health care recommendations for pregnant ewes and does. It outlines common nutritional diseases like pregnancy toxemia and milk fever that can occur in late pregnancy. Risk factors and treatment options are provided. Preventative strategies focus on adequate nutrition, calcium intake, and minimizing stress. Vaccination for clostridial diseases prior to lambing/kidding is also recommended. Proper nutrition during late gestation is important to support fetal growth and development while also preparing for lactation. Balancing rations, monitoring intake, and maintaining hygienic conditions can help pregnant females have successful pregnancies and give birth to healthy offspring.
This document provides information on hoof care for sheep and goats. It discusses the importance of regular hoof inspection and trimming to prevent lameness and disease. Factors like genetics, environment, and diet can affect hoof growth rates. Dairy goats may need trimming every 4 months to prevent overgrowth issues. Proper restraint, tools, and techniques are described for safe trimming. Common hoof diseases like footrot, foot scald, and abscesses are explained. The document provides guidance on quarantine, treatment, and eradication protocols to prevent and eliminate footrot from a flock or herd.
This document provides information on proper deworming methods for small ruminants. It discusses the different classes of dewormers available and lists specific dewormers within each class. It also covers topics like determining dewormer resistance, targeted selective treatment, tools for selective deworming decisions, and combination dewormer treatments. The document emphasizes the importance of following proper dosing and administration techniques to effectively deworm animals while preventing further development of dewormer resistance.
This document discusses goat hoof health and management. It covers the importance of regular hoof inspection and trimming to prevent issues like lameness. Factors that influence hoof growth like genetics, environment and diet are outlined. Common hoof diseases in goats like footrot, foot scald and foot abscesses are described along with their causes and treatments. The document provides guidance on developing a prevention and treatment plan for hoof diseases that includes quarantine of new animals, foot bathing, clean pastures and culling infected animals.
This document discusses strategies for minimizing antibiotic and anthelmintic use in sheep through improved management practices and prevention of common diseases. It recommends rotational grazing, genetic selection, targeted selective treatment, and combination dewormer treatments to control internal parasites. Vaccination, clean housing, and nutrition are emphasized for preventing enterotoxemia, respiratory disease, footrot, abortion, and mastitis. Proper use of antibiotics, vaccines, and dewormers is also discussed when drugs are necessary.
This document discusses strategies for minimizing drug use in small ruminant production. It begins by listing commonly used drugs like dewormers, vaccines, and antibiotics. It then discusses the risks of antibiotic resistance and regulatory changes around antibiotic use. For small ruminant producers, this means many antibiotics now require a prescription. The document provides alternatives to drug use like vaccinations, pasture management, genetic selection, and targeted selective treatment to control parasites. It emphasizes preventative healthcare through good nutrition, housing, and sanitation.
This document provides information for those considering getting goats. It discusses checking zoning laws and HOA rules, developing facilities and budgets, acquiring goats, and different goat production systems. Key points covered include the need to determine goals for goats, legal and neighbor considerations, ensuring adequate housing, fencing and supplies are in place, and acquiring goats through breeders versus auctions to avoid health risks. Production options like dairy, fiber, meat and vegetation control are overviewed.
Sheep and goats produce many marketable products including meat, fiber, dairy, and vegetation control through grazing. Meat from sheep and goats can be sold through traditional markets like auctions or cooperatives, or through non-traditional direct marketing to consumers. Fiber from sheep and goats can also be sold traditionally through pools or warehouses, or directly to consumers as raw fiber or value-added products. Dairy from sheep and goats has similar regulations to cow dairy but with more limited infrastructure and competition from imports. Sheep and goats can also provide vegetation control services through solar grazing programs.
This document discusses bacterial diseases in animals caused by Fusobacterium necrophorum and Dichelobacter nodusus which can have similar symptoms. Pregnancy toxemia is more common. Treatment involves using macrocyclic lactone dewormers like Ivomec or insecticides containing permethrins. The diseases can affect the abomasum and small intestines and may be clinical or sub-clinical.
This document outlines the typical yearly cycle for raising sheep, beginning with breeding season in October and ending when the cycle repeats the following October. Key points include: rams are added in October to breed ewes; lambing occurs in March after a 152-day gestation; newborn lambs are jugged with their mothers and receive care; lambs are weaned at around 90 days old; ewes recover over summer before the breeding season starts again in the fall.
The document provides an overview of considerations for raising sheep, including different breeds and purposes for raising sheep, facilities and equipment needed, health and management practices, and regulations. Key factors that are discussed include deciding the purpose of raising sheep, such as for meat, wool, or dairy; land and fencing requirements; and common challenges like parasites, predators, and profitability. Resources are also provided for those interested in learning more about raising sheep.
This document provides information on managing internal parasites in small ruminants. It discusses the primary internal parasites affecting sheep and goats, including roundworms, tapeworms, flukes, coccidia, and protozoa. An integrated approach to parasite control is recommended, combining management strategies like grazing management with targeted selective treatment. Key management strategies include developing host immunity, husbandry practices, nutritional management, and genetic selection. Diagnostic tools for targeted treatment include FAMACHA, five point check, and fecal egg counts. Combination dewormer treatments are advised to slow development of anthelmintic resistance.
This document discusses strategies for controlling gastrointestinal parasites like Haemonchus contortus (barber pole worm) in small ruminants. It emphasizes using integrated and targeted approaches like selective deworming based on FAMACHA scores, pasture management, and limiting drug use to reduce anthelmintic resistance. Proper administration and alternating between drug classes is also important for effective control. Sustainable practices involve preventing environmental contamination through various animal health and grazing techniques.
This document provides information on dewormer use and resistance in goats from a presentation at Langston University. It discusses proper drug usage, the different drug families and their modes of action, strategies for deworming, and methods to prevent resistance development like the FAMACHA system. The FAMACHA system allows selective treatment by using eye color charts to identify anemia levels and target only animals with scores of 3-5 that likely need deworming.
The FivePoint Check is a system that extends the FAMACHA eye anemia system to evaluate five criteria for determining if small ruminants need deworming. It examines the eye, jaw, back, tail, and nose to check for anemia, bottle jaw, body condition, scours, and nasal discharge. Considering all five criteria together is important as each sign can have multiple causes. The system was developed by the same scientists as FAMACHA and allows for more selective deworming to slow the development of anthelmintic resistance.
More from University of Maryland Extension Small Ruminant Program (20)
Digital Marketing with a Focus on Sustainabilitysssourabhsharma
Digital Marketing best practices including influencer marketing, content creators, and omnichannel marketing for Sustainable Brands at the Sustainable Cosmetics Summit 2024 in New York
[To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations]
This PowerPoint compilation offers a comprehensive overview of 20 leading innovation management frameworks and methodologies, selected for their broad applicability across various industries and organizational contexts. These frameworks are valuable resources for a wide range of users, including business professionals, educators, and consultants.
Each framework is presented with visually engaging diagrams and templates, ensuring the content is both informative and appealing. While this compilation is thorough, please note that the slides are intended as supplementary resources and may not be sufficient for standalone instructional purposes.
This compilation is ideal for anyone looking to enhance their understanding of innovation management and drive meaningful change within their organization. Whether you aim to improve product development processes, enhance customer experiences, or drive digital transformation, these frameworks offer valuable insights and tools to help you achieve your goals.
INCLUDED FRAMEWORKS/MODELS:
1. Stanford’s Design Thinking
2. IDEO’s Human-Centered Design
3. Strategyzer’s Business Model Innovation
4. Lean Startup Methodology
5. Agile Innovation Framework
6. Doblin’s Ten Types of Innovation
7. McKinsey’s Three Horizons of Growth
8. Customer Journey Map
9. Christensen’s Disruptive Innovation Theory
10. Blue Ocean Strategy
11. Strategyn’s Jobs-To-Be-Done (JTBD) Framework with Job Map
12. Design Sprint Framework
13. The Double Diamond
14. Lean Six Sigma DMAIC
15. TRIZ Problem-Solving Framework
16. Edward de Bono’s Six Thinking Hats
17. Stage-Gate Model
18. Toyota’s Six Steps of Kaizen
19. Microsoft’s Digital Transformation Framework
20. Design for Six Sigma (DFSS)
To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations
The Steadfast and Reliable Bull: Taurus Zodiac Signmy Pandit
Explore the steadfast and reliable nature of the Taurus Zodiac Sign. Discover the personality traits, key dates, and horoscope insights that define the determined and practical Taurus, and learn how their grounded nature makes them the anchor of the zodiac.
Profiles of Iconic Fashion Personalities.pdfTTop Threads
The fashion industry is dynamic and ever-changing, continuously sculpted by trailblazing visionaries who challenge norms and redefine beauty. This document delves into the profiles of some of the most iconic fashion personalities whose impact has left a lasting impression on the industry. From timeless designers to modern-day influencers, each individual has uniquely woven their thread into the rich fabric of fashion history, contributing to its ongoing evolution.
NIMA2024 | De toegevoegde waarde van DEI en ESG in campagnes | Nathalie Lam |...BBPMedia1
Nathalie zal delen hoe DEI en ESG een fundamentele rol kunnen spelen in je merkstrategie en je de juiste aansluiting kan creëren met je doelgroep. Door middel van voorbeelden en simpele handvatten toont ze hoe dit in jouw organisatie toegepast kan worden.
Industrial Tech SW: Category Renewal and CreationChristian Dahlen
Every industrial revolution has created a new set of categories and a new set of players.
Multiple new technologies have emerged, but Samsara and C3.ai are only two companies which have gone public so far.
Manufacturing startups constitute the largest pipeline share of unicorns and IPO candidates in the SF Bay Area, and software startups dominate in Germany.
[To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations]
This presentation is a curated compilation of PowerPoint diagrams and templates designed to illustrate 20 different digital transformation frameworks and models. These frameworks are based on recent industry trends and best practices, ensuring that the content remains relevant and up-to-date.
Key highlights include Microsoft's Digital Transformation Framework, which focuses on driving innovation and efficiency, and McKinsey's Ten Guiding Principles, which provide strategic insights for successful digital transformation. Additionally, Forrester's framework emphasizes enhancing customer experiences and modernizing IT infrastructure, while IDC's MaturityScape helps assess and develop organizational digital maturity. MIT's framework explores cutting-edge strategies for achieving digital success.
These materials are perfect for enhancing your business or classroom presentations, offering visual aids to supplement your insights. Please note that while comprehensive, these slides are intended as supplementary resources and may not be complete for standalone instructional purposes.
Frameworks/Models included:
Microsoft’s Digital Transformation Framework
McKinsey’s Ten Guiding Principles of Digital Transformation
Forrester’s Digital Transformation Framework
IDC’s Digital Transformation MaturityScape
MIT’s Digital Transformation Framework
Gartner’s Digital Transformation Framework
Accenture’s Digital Strategy & Enterprise Frameworks
Deloitte’s Digital Industrial Transformation Framework
Capgemini’s Digital Transformation Framework
PwC’s Digital Transformation Framework
Cisco’s Digital Transformation Framework
Cognizant’s Digital Transformation Framework
DXC Technology’s Digital Transformation Framework
The BCG Strategy Palette
McKinsey’s Digital Transformation Framework
Digital Transformation Compass
Four Levels of Digital Maturity
Design Thinking Framework
Business Model Canvas
Customer Journey Map
4 Benefits of Partnering with an OnlyFans Agency for Content Creators.pdfonlyfansmanagedau
In the competitive world of content creation, standing out and maximising revenue on platforms like OnlyFans can be challenging. This is where partnering with an OnlyFans agency can make a significant difference. Here are five key benefits for content creators considering this option:
Storytelling is an incredibly valuable tool to share data and information. To get the most impact from stories there are a number of key ingredients. These are based on science and human nature. Using these elements in a story you can deliver information impactfully, ensure action and drive change.
Discover innovative uses of Revit in urban planning and design, enhancing city landscapes with advanced architectural solutions. Understand how architectural firms are using Revit to transform how processes and outcomes within urban planning and design fields look. They are supplementing work and putting in value through speed and imagination that the architects and planners are placing into composing progressive urban areas that are not only colorful but also pragmatic.
How are Lilac French Bulldogs Beauty Charming the World and Capturing Hearts....Lacey Max
“After being the most listed dog breed in the United States for 31
years in a row, the Labrador Retriever has dropped to second place
in the American Kennel Club's annual survey of the country's most
popular canines. The French Bulldog is the new top dog in the
United States as of 2022. The stylish puppy has ascended the
rankings in rapid time despite having health concerns and limited
color choices.”
SATTA MATKA SATTA FAST RESULT KALYAN TOP MATKA RESULT KALYAN SATTA MATKA FAST RESULT MILAN RATAN RAJDHANI MAIN BAZAR MATKA FAST TIPS RESULT MATKA CHART JODI CHART PANEL CHART FREE FIX GAME SATTAMATKA ! MATKA MOBI SATTA 143 spboss.in TOP NO1 RESULT FULL RATE MATKA ONLINE GAME PLAY BY APP SPBOSS
The Most Inspiring Entrepreneurs to Follow in 2024.pdfthesiliconleaders
In a world where the potential of youth innovation remains vastly untouched, there emerges a guiding light in the form of Norm Goldstein, the Founder and CEO of EduNetwork Partners. His dedication to this cause has earned him recognition as a Congressional Leadership Award recipient.
Ellen Burstyn: From Detroit Dreamer to Hollywood Legend | CIO Women MagazineCIOWomenMagazine
In this article, we will dive into the extraordinary life of Ellen Burstyn, where the curtains rise on a story that's far more attractive than any script.
Best practices for project execution and deliveryCLIVE MINCHIN
A select set of project management best practices to keep your project on-track, on-cost and aligned to scope. Many firms have don't have the necessary skills, diligence, methods and oversight of their projects; this leads to slippage, higher costs and longer timeframes. Often firms have a history of projects that simply failed to move the needle. These best practices will help your firm avoid these pitfalls but they require fortitude to apply.
Cover Story - China's Investment Leader - Dr. Alyce SUmsthrill
In World Expo 2010 Shanghai – the most visited Expo in the World History
https://www.britannica.com/event/Expo-Shanghai-2010
China’s official organizer of the Expo, CCPIT (China Council for the Promotion of International Trade https://en.ccpit.org/) has chosen Dr. Alyce Su as the Cover Person with Cover Story, in the Expo’s official magazine distributed throughout the Expo, showcasing China’s New Generation of Leaders to the World.
HR search is critical to a company's success because it ensures the correct people are in place. HR search integrates workforce capabilities with company goals by painstakingly identifying, screening, and employing qualified candidates, supporting innovation, productivity, and growth. Efficient talent acquisition improves teamwork while encouraging collaboration. Also, it reduces turnover, saves money, and ensures consistency. Furthermore, HR search discovers and develops leadership potential, resulting in a strong pipeline of future leaders. Finally, this strategic approach to recruitment enables businesses to respond to market changes, beat competitors, and achieve long-term success.
2. CONTROLLED
ENVIRONMENT
Clean, dry, low humidity, low ammonia, and eliminate draftiness!
Lambing jugs, or pens to alleviate mismatching of lambs/ewes
after lambing.
+/- Heat Lamps
Can be an open front shed, old bank barn, an area made of bales ,
or a state of the art building designed by the best Agricultural
engineers.. ..ultimately it is going to be up to the EWE and YOU!
3. EWES…WELL PREPARED
Well nourished ewes but not overly!!!
Obesity of the ewe is a huge factor in difficult labor… second only
to a huge overfed unborn lamb! You’ve all see the big beautiful .. but
not well doing, Mr. DUH lamb.. They can’t walk or nurse for hours!
Mismatching of the sire size to the ewe can cause dystocia
especially if the head and shoulders are too big! Watch for coarse
shouldered rams and.. even the ewe’s sire size can come into play.
4. MICRONUTRIENTS
Selenium..this mineral may play a role in ringwomb (non-dialating cervix) and also
prolapsing of the vagina or uterus.. Kids with “rubbery” legs have been attributed to this
nutrient
Calcium and magnesium are minerals which are extremely important for pregnant
ewes. Hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia are not uncommon in periparturient ewes.
They present almost the same with neuromuscular signs, and probably contribute to
retained placentae.
Ad libitum loose salt mineral mix during pregnancy is my preference
INADEQUATE WATER throughout pregnancy and during lactation is the most
important nutrient …as it is throughout life..
5. ELIMINATE OTHER
DISEASE FACTORS
Chlamydia…late term abortions, and small weak lambs can be
relatively easy to eliminate from the flock by adding Aureomycin to
feed or using LA 200 or similar injectable tetracycline
Deworming ewes before the last trimester
Good nutritional program
Sort ewes according to BCS, lamb numbers determined by
ultrasound and experience
6. PREGNANCY TOXEMIA OR
KETOSIS
Multiparous thin or obese ewes with twins +
Ewes with twins require 1.8-1.9 times more energy and protein
Inadequate nutrition due to diminished ruminal capacity because of uterine size,
+/_insufficient energy dense ration
Huge glucose requirement for late term lamb growth force ewes to use fat
stores leading to hepatic lipidosis and the decreased clearing of ketone bodies
Ewes with twins require 1.8-1.9 times more energy and protein
Feed refusal and neurological dysfunction leading to recumbency and even
death
7. AN OUNCE OF PREVENTI ON
I S WORTH A POUND OF
CURE
Sort ewes according to BCS, lamb numbers determined by ultrasound ( helps
with due date also) and experience of the ewe
Monitor feed intake of the ewes, diminished intake is also an early sign of
lambing (24hours)
Ionophores such as monensin may also help prevent toxemia
Treatment of early cases include propylene glycol ( 60 ml. 2-3xdaily for 3 day)
with oral calcium and potassium, calf electrolytes work well. May include, induction
of labor, C-Section, IV dextrose, Calcium gluconate (50-100ml) SQ, and oral
potassium chloride, and even insulin
8. TREATMENT
(WHEN ALL ELSE FAILS)
Treatment of early cases include propylene glycol ( 60 ml. 23xdaily for 3 day) with oral calcium and potassium, calf electrolytes
work well.
More advanced cases may require induction of labor, C-Section,
IV dextrose, Calcium gluconate (50-100ml) SQ, oral potassium
chloride, and even insulin
9. VAGINAL PROLAPSE
Probably genetic..after weaning cull the ewe and do not keep ewe
lambs as replacements
Obesity is a big factor
Foot rot makes ewes lie in sternal recumbency predisposes prolapsing
Multiple births triplets>>>>twins>>>>singlet
Treat with replacement of the prolapse, may need ABC and NSAID
then I prefer harnesses over Buhner stitching, d/t less pain, and ewe can
lamb without stitch removal through harness
10.
11.
12. EARLY STAGES OF
LABOR
The ewe will separate herself
from the flock , she may
begin nesting by pawing and
nickering.
Other ewes may try to “steal”
other newborn lambs, will try
to lick them, and nuzzle or
butt them
13. NORMAL BIRTH
A mucus plug will
appear, and the ewe
may begin uterine
contractions
14. TRUE LABOR BEGINS
The ewe may or may not
lay down, but you will
begin to see more signs of
labor and the ewe may
vocalize more. And you
can actually she her push.
15. CONTRACTIONS
CONTINUE!
After 2-3 hours the amniotic sac
(water bag ) appears and after 30 to
60 minute the lamb’s nose and front
leg appears. After 20 to 30 minutes
the lamb should be born.
18. AFTER BIRTH
The ewe will lick and clean the
lambs which is a crucial time for
bonding. Soon after the lambs
will get up and begin searching to
nurse.
After 2-3 hours the placenta will
pass. Do not allow the ewe to eat
it. Some do, but it may cause
illness and/or blockage.
20. 2 DEFINITE SIGNS OF
DYSTOCIA
No lamb visible after 45-60 minutes after
the amniotic sac appears
After the lamb has appeared for 30
minutes and no progress
21. PROBLEM!!
If labor takes more
than 1 hour after the
amniotic sac appears
be prepared to assist
with delivery
22. OH MY MYLAMBTA!
Before You Are Faced DYSTOCIA..(Big Word for Difficult labor)
Having a veterinarian to call and consult is important!
Being prepared is Paramount! Have a controlled environment…..
as nearly you possibly can!
Now it is up to YOU and the EWE
23. ASSISTING
Restrain the ewe, either with halter ( do not tie too high or she may
lie down) or my preference, some one holding her head. Head chutes
or milking stauncions also work well.
Wash the back of the ewe with disinfecting soap or iodine scrub
Apply gloves or scrub your arm
Use liberal amount of lubricant
Insert your arm slowly
24. FIGURE OUT POSITION OF
THE LAMB
How many lambs?
Forwards or backwards, position of hooves, nose or tail?
If only one foot, always try to retract lamb and get both front legs
Only the tail? Follow the body to the hind legs and pull lamb
backwards, steadily downward, need to clear airways.
Feet and no head? May need a snare to pull the head around
25. CALL FOR HELP
If the lamb head is too big to get through the pelvis.
If the cervix is not dialated at all
If the cervix is partial dialated and digital manipulation won’t
dialate it large enough for the lambs delivery.
29. YOU HAVE
THIS!!
Breach presentations are
considered normal by
some. Just pull downward
steadily, but must remove
quickly. Clean out the
nose, and get any fluid
from lungs!
31. PLEASE FIX THE
LEGS
Some people actually will
pull lambs with this
presentation. This is
horrible on the lambs and
on the ewe. PLEASE FIX
THE LEGS!
32. THIS ONE IS TOUGH
Make sure you push the
lamb in. Then reach
under and pull the head
around. I’ve flipped
ewes on their back, for
some reason this helps!
33. A PUZZLE YOU
CAN FIX!
First you push the lamb with
the head turned back in.
Then, you pull the normally
presented lamb. You already
know how to fix the
malpositioned lamb!
35. D
DON’T WORRY
BE HAPPY
Take every little gift like
this and never take it for
granted. After you have
had a few wrecks, you’ll
smile every time you seen
this!!
36. DO NOT OVER REACT
Once the lamb is born allow the Mom to do her job.
Check the udder to make sure the teats are open
Give any ewe you have assisted an injection of antibiotic
I do not recommend dipping cords, but that is up to you!
Check them in 2 hours to make sure the lamb has nursed and is up
and moving. Over caring can sometimes do more harm than good.