This document presents an outline for a study on the lack of tourism planning in Egypt and its impacts. It discusses the concept of tourism planning, different levels of planning, and forms of lack of planning. Shortcomings of tourism planning in Egypt include over-centralization, rigid plans, lack of integration, and supply-oriented approaches. The effects of lack of planning are environmental damage, congestion, loss of culture, and deteriorating quality. A case study of Sharm El-Sheikh shows issues like cut-throat competition, waste, and environmental deterioration due to poor planning. Recommendations include more flexible, comprehensive, and realistic planning that involves stakeholders and protects natural resources.

1. Presented by
Sayed S. El-Houshy Hamada G.
Hassan
Master Degree Students
Hotel Studies Department
Faculty of Tourism and Hotels
Under the Supervision of
Dr. Osman Ahmed El-Said
Lecturer in the Faculty of Tourism & Hotels
University of Alexandria
Lack of Planning & Its Impact on
The Future of Tourism : The Case
Study of Egypt

2. Outline
 Introduction
 Statement of the Problem
 Research Questions and Objectives
 The Concept of Tourism Planning
 Levels of Tourism Planning
 Lack of Planning Concept and forms
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3. Outline
 The Major Shortcomings of Tourism Planning
 The Effects of Lack of Planning
 Consequences of Lack of Tourism Planning
 Case Study
 Conclusion & Recommendations
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4. Introduction
 Tourism provides a major economic development
opportunity for many countries.
 Tourist planning is considered one of the most
important tools of contemporary development.
 Failure to plan will damage the effectiveness of the
country, destination, and organization.
 Lack of planning soon leads to serious environmental and socio-
cultural problems.
 Many islands and coastal areas face various problems
from unplanned tourism development.
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5. Statement of the Problem
 Tourism activity is becoming more extensive and
more demanding of host communities, culture and
environment.
 Hence, It is necessary for tourism planning to be
practiced in a fashion and appropriate way.
 Insufficient (Or) lack of tourist planning brings many
problems to the local community.
What are the main shortcomings of tourism
development planning? and the impacts of lack of
planning on the future of tourism with special1/4/2016Faculty of Tourism & Hotels
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6. Research Objectives
 This study seeks to achieve FOUR main objectives:
1. Understanding the concept, definition and importance
of the TP.
2. Investigating the main issues and forms of poor
planning/lack of planning.
3. Proposing the main shortcomings of tourism planning
in Egypt.
4. Evaluating the main impacts of lack of planning on
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7. The Concept of Tourism
Planning
 Tourism planning has become a specialized area with
specific techniques, principles, and models.
 Planning is about setting and meeting objectives.
 TP has been defined as a process that establishes
destination goals and tourism objectives based on research
and evaluation and creates a miss for accomplishing them.
 It does NOT solely involve the number of tourists
and their economic consequences.
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8. Levels of Tourism Planning
 TP is implemented at different levels from the general
level down to the local level.
1. International level
2. National level
3. Regional level
4. Local or community level
5. Site planning level
 Tourism planning and development must be integrated
among ALL levels to AVOID duplication of efforts and
policies.
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9. Lack of Planning Concept
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Lack of
Planning
Poor
Planning
Insufficien
t Planning
Unimplemente
d
Planning
Unrestrict
ed
Planning
Planning
Deficiency

10. Lack of Planning Forms
 Although the majority of countries have prepared
tourism development plans, many of these plans are
not implemented, and others are only “partially or
very partially implemented”
 Many governments allowed the private sector to take
important decisions about tourism development in an
unrestricted and extensive planning.
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11. The Major Shortcomings of Tourism
Planning
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 The common shortcomings of planning approaches
to tourism development;
Over-centralization of tourism planning
Tourism development planning is rigid and inflexible
Plans are not comprehensive enough and not prepared in an
integrated manner
Lack of a community based approach
Tourism development planning is dominantly supply-oriented
Tourism development planning is highly driven by the market
The plans are difficult to implement
Lack of consistency and continuity in planning policies

12. The Major Shortcomings of Tourism
Planning
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 The common shortcomings of planning approaches
to tourism development;
• The planning apparatus is highly centralized.
• 43.5 percent of 1,619 assorted tourism plans were
never implemented.
Over-centralization of tourism planning

13. The Major Shortcomings of Tourism
Planning
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 The common shortcomings of planning approaches
to tourism development;
 The government is the ONLY authority to decide on
the form and style of tourism development.
 Hence, the flexibility of the planning process is
reduced.
 Problems during the implementation of centrally
made will take some time to deal with rapidly
changing circumstances.
Tourism development planning is rigid and inflexible

14. The Major Shortcomings of Tourism
Planning
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 The common shortcomings of planning approaches
to tourism development;
 It is argued that there is a lack of integrated
planning in Egypt, where sectorial planning in
isolation dominates.
 Lack of communication and interaction
between the local authorities.
Plans are not comprehensive enough and not prepared in an
integrated manner

15. The Major Shortcomings of Tourism
Planning
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 The common shortcomings of planning approaches
to tourism development;
 There is a lack of political will to implement a
participatory tourism development approach.
 Tourism continues to be driven by upper levels of
government rather than community interests
Lack of a community based approach

16. The Major Shortcomings of Tourism
Planning
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 The common shortcomings of planning approaches to
tourism development;
 Tourism planning was seen as a simplistic process of
encouraging new hotels to open.
 The result is the superstructure of the industry has
reached a high level, infrastructure has NOT been
developed to the same extent.
 Damage of natural resources in the regions that tourists
have come to see.
Tourism development planning is dominantly supply-oriented

17. The Major Shortcomings of Tourism
Planning
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 The common shortcomings of planning approaches
to tourism development;
 Political inconsistency is one of the main problems
of sustainable development.
 As part of political traditions of favoritism, ministers
replace the former personnel in their “territory” with
new ones .
 The change in government means re-ordering of
priorities, changes in policies and personnel.
Lack of consistency and continuity in planning policies

18. The Major Shortcomings of Tourism
Planning
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 The common shortcomings of planning approaches
to tourism development;
 Some tourism plans are not realistic enough to
cope with the real conditions.
 Planning is perceived as a routine activity, which
must be done in certain periods.
 Many statements are ONLY nice words in planning
documents.
The plans are difficult to implement

19. The Effects of Lack of Tourism
Planning
A. Physical Impacts
1. Damage of the physical environment
2. Damage of historical/cultural landmarks & resources
3. Overcrowding and congestion
4. Pollution
5. Traffic problems
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20. B. Human Impacts
1. Less accessibility to services and tourist attractions
2. Dislike of tourists by local residents (resentment).
3. Loss of cultural identities
4. Lack of awareness of the benefits of tourism to the
destination area.
C. Marketing Impacts
1. Failure to capitalize on new marketing opportunities
2. Erosion of market shares due to the actions of
competitive destination areas.
3. Lack of a clear image of destination are in potential
markets
4. Lack of cooperative advertising among individual1/4/2016Faculty of Tourism & Hotels
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The Effects of Lack of Tourism
Planning

21. The Effects of Lack of Tourism
Planning
D. Organizational Impacts
1. Lack of cooperation among individual operators
2. Inadequate representation of the tourism industry’s
interest
3. Lack of support from local public authorities.
4. Failure to act upon important issues, problems.
E. Other Impacts
1. Lack of sufficient attractions and events
2. High seasonality and short lengths of stay
3. Poor or deteriorating quality of facilities and services
4. Poor or inadequate travel information services
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22. CASE
STUDY
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Sharm El-Sheikh
 Challenges Facing Tourism
Development As A Result Of
Poor Planning.

23. Introduction
 South Sinai
 In terms of economic development, South Sinai is a
definite success story.
 In less than twenty years, it represents over 20% of
national tourism capacity and at least 25% of tourism’s
contribution to the GDP.
 Tens of thousands of jobs have been created and
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Areas
Sharm el
Sheikh
Dahab Nuweiba Ras Sudr Taba

24.  Two key planning authorities active in the
development of the tourism sector ;
1. The Governorate of South Sinai
2. The Tourism Development Authority (TDA)
 In the long term, there are indicative plans to
expand the region’s current hotel room capacity
from 48,000 rooms to 74,000 by 2017.
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25. Cut-throat competition and loss of
quality
 Tendency for hotel and resort operators to sell rooms at
considerable discounts.
 Cutting of market price structures could be a serious
threat to sustained growth in South Sinai, especially
since it could discourage potential investors.
 Indications that there is a loss of quality tourists, those
who are willing to pay for more than the cheapest
holiday tour.
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26. Cleanliness in tourist areas
 Solid waste collection from tourist establishments and town
centers is relatively efficient.
 However, many areas, especially those which fall outside
the town centers have scattered and uncollected garbage.
 In addition, in most tourist areas and along tourist corridors
there is a serious problem of un-disposed rubble and
construction waste.
 In fact, in the SSGEAP tourist opinion survey 15% of tourists
complained most about “waste and rubbish” as the least
enjoyable aspect of their visits to South Sinai.
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27. Environmental Deterioration
 In the Egyptian coastal areas it is reported that there has
been a 20 to 30% loss in live coral cover over 1987-96.
 Uncontrolled tourism growth constitutes a major threat for
coral reefs.
 The number of hotels in the Gulf of Aqaba has increased
from 5 in 1989 to 141 in 2006 while the number of hotel
rooms increased from 565 to more than 48,000.
 Similarly around Hurghada the number of hotel rooms
increased from a few hundreds in 1989 to 35,000 in
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28. Cont.
73% of the coral along the Egyptian coast
has been damaged as a result of construction.
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29. Cont.
 In a survey made in 2004 to determine the top
motivations for foreigners to travel to South Sinai,
when tourists asked about the most enjoyed aspects of
their holydays they ranked;
o Coral reefs at the first place (73%),
o Climate (58%),
o Beauty of landscape (35%),
o Beaches (31%) and
o Accommodation, services and food (26%)
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30. Conclusion
 Lack of Tourism planning brings many problems to the local
community, such as: overcrowding, traffic congestion,
superstructure, and socio-cultural deterioration.
 Most of these problems can be attributed to insufficient
planning.
 It is evident that tourism development, in Egypt, has
both positive and negative effects
 Unplanned and uncontrolled tourism growth can result
in an expensive deterioration of the environment.
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31. Conclusion
 In Egypt, although many plans have been designed at
national and regional level many of them have NOT
been implemented due to;
 Unrealistic planning.
 Egypt Lost a lot of its natural recourses due to;
 Unrestricted Planning
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32. Recommendations
1. Tourism planning processes should be flexible and
adaptable; to cope with rapidly changing conditions and
situations faced by a community.
2. Comprehensive tourism planning is needed to
maximize the benefits and minimize the costs or
disadvantages of tourism development.
3. The government should develop an appropriate method
of planning by using the right mix and proportion of
components of the contemporary approach.
4. Governmental institutions should assume a more active
role in order to employ experts and knowledgeable
professionals.
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33. Recommendations
5. There must be a means of communication and
interaction between the local authorities.
6. The private sector should be encouraged to
undertake large-scale eco-tourism development
projects.
7. The development of Regional Action Plan for
conservation of coral reefs in the Red Sea, containing
priority actions and objectives.
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34. Recommendations
8. The management of recreational activities should
give serious attention to environmental policies to
ensure protection of the coral reefs.
9. Local authorities MUST apply existing regulations,
and state authorities to control environmental laws.
10. Egypt should focus on tourism quality rather than
quantity.
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35. Questions …. !