The document discusses DC circuit analysis using Kirchhoff's laws and the branch current method. It introduces Kirchhoff's current law, which states that the algebraic sum of currents meeting at a node is zero. It also introduces Kirchhoff's voltage law, which states that the algebraic sum of voltages around a closed loop is zero. It then explains the branch current method for solving circuits, which involves marking currents in each branch, writing KVL equations, and solving for the branch currents. It provides an example of using this method to determine the current through a galvanometer.
Kirchhoff's Laws
Kirchhoff's laws quantify how current flows through a circuit and how voltage varies around a loop in a circuit
There are two laws
Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL) or First Law
Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL) or Second Law
Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL) or First Law
The total current entering a junction or a node is equal to the charge leaving the node as no charge is lost
Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL) or Second Law
According to Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law,
The voltage around ya loop equals to the sum of every voltage drop in the same loop for any closed network and also equals to zero.
Put differently, the algebraic sum of every voltage in the loop has to be equal to zero and this property of Kirchhoff’s law is called as conservation of energ.
Kirchhoff's Laws
Kirchhoff's laws quantify how current flows through a circuit and how voltage varies around a loop in a circuit
There are two laws
Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL) or First Law
Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL) or Second Law
Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL) or First Law
The total current entering a junction or a node is equal to the charge leaving the node as no charge is lost
Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL) or Second Law
According to Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law,
The voltage around ya loop equals to the sum of every voltage drop in the same loop for any closed network and also equals to zero.
Put differently, the algebraic sum of every voltage in the loop has to be equal to zero and this property of Kirchhoff’s law is called as conservation of energ.
Assignment 1 Description Marks out of Wtg() Due date .docxfredharris32
Assignment 1
Description Marks out of Wtg(%) Due date
Assignment 1 200 20 28 August 2015
Part A: Comparators and Switching (5%)
(1) Signal limit detector
Use a 339 comparator, a single 74LS02 quad NOR gate and a +5V power supply only to
design a circuit which will detect when a voltage goes outside the range +2.5V to +3.5V
and such that an LED lights and stays lit. Provide a manual reset to extinguish the LED.
Design hints
1. The circuit has an analog input and a digital output so some form of comparator circuit
is required. There are two thresholds so two comparators are required, with the analog
input applied to both. This arrangement is sometimes known as a window detector.
2. Arrange the output of the comparators to be +5V logic levels, and combine the two
outputs logically to produce one signal which is for example, high for out-of-range, and
low for within-range.
3. Latch the change from in-range to out-of-range.
Design procedure
1. Start at the output and work backwards.
2. Select a latch circuit (flip-flop) and determine what combinations of inputs are needed to
latch and then reset it, ensuring that the LED is connected correctly with regard to both
logic and current flow.
3. Determine the logic needed to combine two comparator outputs in such a way as to
correctly operate the latch.
4. Choose comparator outputs which will correctly drive the logic. Remember that the
reference voltage at the input of the comparator may be at either the + or – input.
5. Choose resistors to provide the correct reference voltages.
Note: You will need to consult data for both the 74LS02 and the 339 (see data sheets).
Test
It is strongly recommended that you assemble and test your circuit.
(2) MOSFET Switching
Find out information on the operation of, and configuring of, MOSFETs to be used in
switching circuits. In particular note the differences between BJTs and MOSFETs in this
role. Draw up a table to highlight the differences and hence the pros and cons on each
device for particular situations (eg. Switching high-to-low or low-to-high (ie. P or N type),
high or low current switching, low or high voltage switching).
Consider the following BJT switching circuit. Analyse the operation of the circuit to
understand the parameters involved. Choose suitable replacement MOSFETs to be used
ELE2504 – Electronic design and analysis 2
instead of the output switching BJTs in the given circuit. Include any necessary circuit
changes for the new devices to operate so as to maintain the circuit’s required parameters.
Where Vcc = 12V and Relay resistance = 15Ω .
ELE2504 – Electronic design and analysis 3
Part B: Transistor amplifier design (6%)
Design and test a common emitter amplifier using the circuit shown and the selected
specifications.
Specifications
Get your own spec ...
This is a ppt of a college project of the topic kvl and kcl ..do read this..i have such interest in science projects and do maake aa lot of money by doing freelancing in embedded system so make sure to check this ppt for more updtes
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Clipboard AI
GenAI applicata alla Document Understanding
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The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
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LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
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2. ELE 101 / 102 Dept of E & E Engg, MIT Manipal 2
Kirchhoff’s Laws
Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL):
Algebraic sum of currents
meeting at a node = 0
Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law(KVL):
Algebraic sum of voltages
around a closed loop = 0
3. ELE 101 / 102 Dept of E & E Engg, MIT Manipal 3
Sign Convention
Current Law:
Current entering the node => positive
Current leaving the node => negetive
Voltage Law:
Voltage Rise => positive
Voltage Drop => negetive
4. ELE 101 / 102 Dept of E & E Engg, MIT Manipal 4
Branch Current Method:
Mark different currents in all the branches of the
given network
Current directions are arbitrary
Write KVL equations for the meshes in the network
Solve for the currents
5. ELE 101 / 102 Dept of E & E Engg, MIT Manipal 5
Branch Current Method
For the circuit shown, determine the current through the galvanometer
using the branch current method
+ -
G
40
20
30
30
10
R
G
=
100
10 V
A
B
+ -
G
40
20
30
30
10
R
G
=
100
10 V
A
B
v
v
v
v
v
v
i1
i2
i3
i1 - i2
i2 - i3
i1+i3-i2
Ans: 9.88 mA
