This document provides information about various topics related to digital media production, including:
- It discusses raster images and how they represent digital images as a series of pixels arranged in a grid, while vector images use geometric primitives.
- It covers concepts like resolution, file formats, color models, and anti-aliasing as they relate to digital images. Common file formats discussed include JPEG, GIF, TIFF, EPS, and PSD.
- Graphics editing and design software are described, including Adobe Photoshop, Illustrator, and InDesign. Their features and uses for image editing, vector graphics, and page layout are summarized.
The document discusses various topics relating to creative media production including raster and vector graphics, anti-aliasing, bit depth, aspect ratio, file formats, color models, and Adobe software applications like Photoshop, Illustrator, and InDesign. Specifically, it provides technical definitions and explanations of these key concepts and tools used in digital graphics and design.
The document discusses key concepts in digital graphics and design including:
- The differences between raster (bitmap) and vector graphics and their uses.
- Anti-aliasing techniques to reduce jagged edges in raster images.
- Factors that impact image quality such as resolution, aspect ratio, and file formats.
- Color models like RGB and CMYK.
- Popular design software like Adobe Photoshop, Illustrator, and InDesign.
Remote Sensing: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)Kamlesh Kumar
The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is a numerical indicator that uses the visible and near-infrared (NIR) bands of the electromagnetic spectrum to analyze whether the target (image) being observed contains green vegetation or not. Healthy vegetation (chlorophyll) reflects more near-infrared (NIR) and green light compared to other wavelengths. But it absorbs more red and blue light. This is why our eyes see vegetation as the colour green. If we could see near-infrared, then it would be strong for vegetation too.
It is basically measured through the use of Intensity, Hue and saturation of an image and through pixels as well.
The density of vegetation (NDVI) at a certain point on the image is equal to the difference in the intensities of reflected light in the red and infrared range divided by the sum of these intensities.
푁퐷푉퐼=((푁퐼푅−푅퐸퐷))/((푁퐼푅+푅퐸퐷))
The result of this formula generates a value between -1 and +1. If you have low reflectance (low values) in the red band and high reflectance in the NIR, this will yield a high NDVI value. And vice versa.
Spatial resolution refers to the ability to distinguish between two close objects or fine detail in an image. It depends on properties of the imaging system, not just pixel count. Higher spatial resolution means finer details can be distinguished. Pixel count alone does not determine spatial resolution, as color images require interpolation between sensor pixels. Spatial resolution is measured differently for various media like film, digital cameras, microscopes, and more. It affects the ability to distinguish fine detail like gaps in a fence as distance increases.
The document discusses various topics relating to raster and vector images, including:
- Raster images are composed of pixels while vector images are composed of mathematical objects. Vector images can be scaled without quality loss.
- Common file formats for raster images include JPEG, TIFF, PNG, and GIF while common vector formats are EPS, AI, and PDF.
- Other topics covered include color models (RGB, CMYK), resolution, aspect ratio, and image editing software like Photoshop, Illustrator, and InDesign.
The document discusses several key topics related to digital images:
- Raster images are composed of pixels arranged in a grid, while vector images use mathematical descriptions of lines, curves and shapes. Raster images lose quality when scaled while vector images maintain quality.
- Resolution refers to the number of pixels per inch in a raster image, affecting quality of on-screen and printed display. Higher resolutions have more pixels and finer detail.
- Aspect ratio expresses the proportional relationship between an image's width and height, such as 16:9 for HDTV. Formats with unequal ratios require enlarging or adding borders for presentation.
- Common file formats include GIF for simple graphics, JPEG for photographs
This document provides an overview of digital image processing. It defines what an image is, noting that an image is a spatial representation of a scene represented as an array of pixels. Digital image processing refers to processing digital images on a computer. The key steps in digital image processing are image acquisition, enhancement, restoration, compression, morphological processing, segmentation, representation, and recognition. Digital image processing has many applications including medical imaging, traffic monitoring, biometrics, and computer vision.
Image processing involves manipulating digital images through algorithms implemented on computers. A digital image is composed of picture elements called pixels arranged in a grid. Each pixel represents a color or intensity value. Common image processing tasks include computer vision, optical character recognition, medical imaging, and more. Key concepts in image processing include pixels, resolution, color depth, and filtering/manipulating pixel values.
The document discusses various topics relating to creative media production including raster and vector graphics, anti-aliasing, bit depth, aspect ratio, file formats, color models, and Adobe software applications like Photoshop, Illustrator, and InDesign. Specifically, it provides technical definitions and explanations of these key concepts and tools used in digital graphics and design.
The document discusses key concepts in digital graphics and design including:
- The differences between raster (bitmap) and vector graphics and their uses.
- Anti-aliasing techniques to reduce jagged edges in raster images.
- Factors that impact image quality such as resolution, aspect ratio, and file formats.
- Color models like RGB and CMYK.
- Popular design software like Adobe Photoshop, Illustrator, and InDesign.
Remote Sensing: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)Kamlesh Kumar
The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is a numerical indicator that uses the visible and near-infrared (NIR) bands of the electromagnetic spectrum to analyze whether the target (image) being observed contains green vegetation or not. Healthy vegetation (chlorophyll) reflects more near-infrared (NIR) and green light compared to other wavelengths. But it absorbs more red and blue light. This is why our eyes see vegetation as the colour green. If we could see near-infrared, then it would be strong for vegetation too.
It is basically measured through the use of Intensity, Hue and saturation of an image and through pixels as well.
The density of vegetation (NDVI) at a certain point on the image is equal to the difference in the intensities of reflected light in the red and infrared range divided by the sum of these intensities.
푁퐷푉퐼=((푁퐼푅−푅퐸퐷))/((푁퐼푅+푅퐸퐷))
The result of this formula generates a value between -1 and +1. If you have low reflectance (low values) in the red band and high reflectance in the NIR, this will yield a high NDVI value. And vice versa.
Spatial resolution refers to the ability to distinguish between two close objects or fine detail in an image. It depends on properties of the imaging system, not just pixel count. Higher spatial resolution means finer details can be distinguished. Pixel count alone does not determine spatial resolution, as color images require interpolation between sensor pixels. Spatial resolution is measured differently for various media like film, digital cameras, microscopes, and more. It affects the ability to distinguish fine detail like gaps in a fence as distance increases.
The document discusses various topics relating to raster and vector images, including:
- Raster images are composed of pixels while vector images are composed of mathematical objects. Vector images can be scaled without quality loss.
- Common file formats for raster images include JPEG, TIFF, PNG, and GIF while common vector formats are EPS, AI, and PDF.
- Other topics covered include color models (RGB, CMYK), resolution, aspect ratio, and image editing software like Photoshop, Illustrator, and InDesign.
The document discusses several key topics related to digital images:
- Raster images are composed of pixels arranged in a grid, while vector images use mathematical descriptions of lines, curves and shapes. Raster images lose quality when scaled while vector images maintain quality.
- Resolution refers to the number of pixels per inch in a raster image, affecting quality of on-screen and printed display. Higher resolutions have more pixels and finer detail.
- Aspect ratio expresses the proportional relationship between an image's width and height, such as 16:9 for HDTV. Formats with unequal ratios require enlarging or adding borders for presentation.
- Common file formats include GIF for simple graphics, JPEG for photographs
This document provides an overview of digital image processing. It defines what an image is, noting that an image is a spatial representation of a scene represented as an array of pixels. Digital image processing refers to processing digital images on a computer. The key steps in digital image processing are image acquisition, enhancement, restoration, compression, morphological processing, segmentation, representation, and recognition. Digital image processing has many applications including medical imaging, traffic monitoring, biometrics, and computer vision.
Image processing involves manipulating digital images through algorithms implemented on computers. A digital image is composed of picture elements called pixels arranged in a grid. Each pixel represents a color or intensity value. Common image processing tasks include computer vision, optical character recognition, medical imaging, and more. Key concepts in image processing include pixels, resolution, color depth, and filtering/manipulating pixel values.
The document discusses key design elements including line, shape, texture, space, size, and value (and color). It provides definitions and examples for each element. Line can organize or divide elements using rules. Shape refers to external outlines like circles, squares, and triangles. Texture adds richness through visual or pattern texture. Space includes white space or negative space between elements. Size relates to scale and relationships between objects. Value adds dimension through lightness and darkness, and color can further enhance mood.
01 introduction image processing analysisRumah Belajar
This document provides an introduction to image processing and analysis. It discusses image acquisition, pre-processing techniques like image transforms and enhancement, and applications of image processing. Image transforms like the discrete Fourier transform and discrete cosine transform are used to represent images in different domains. Image enhancement techniques accentuate features to make images more useful for display and analysis. Common techniques include adjusting histograms, using median filters, and performing operations in transform domains.
Images are visual representations that can be used to record and present information. There are various techniques for acquiring, processing, and manipulating digital images with computers. The fundamental steps in digital image processing typically involve image acquisition, enhancement, restoration, compression, and segmentation. Imaging systems cover a wide range of the electromagnetic spectrum and light is commonly used for imaging due to its safe, reliable, and controllable properties.
This document contains a lecture on image compression. It begins with definitions of image compression and discusses the goals of data reduction and retaining necessary visual information. It describes different types of redundancy in images like coding, inter-pixel, and psychovisual redundancy that compression algorithms exploit. Common lossy and lossless compression techniques are outlined like Run Length Encoding, Huffman coding, and JPEG. The document emphasizes that compression is an application-specific balance between file size reduction and maintaining enough visual quality.
The document discusses digital image processing and provides an overview of key concepts. It defines digital and analog images and explains how digital images are represented by pixels. It outlines fundamental steps in digital image processing like image acquisition, enhancement, restoration, morphological processing, segmentation, representation, compression and object recognition. It also discusses applications in areas like remote sensing, medical imaging, film and video effects.
This document discusses different types of images used in multimedia. It describes bitmapped images, which are composed of pixels and have attributes like resolution and color depth that determine file size. Vector images are composed of graphic primitives defined by mathematical equations and can be resized without quality loss. The document outlines popular file formats for bitmaps and vectors as well as software used to create and edit different image types. Hardware and file conversion are also mentioned.
1. Digital image processing focuses on improving images for human interpretation and machine perception. It involves digitizing an image using sensors and processors then displaying the digital image.
2. The key stages of digital image processing are enhancement, restoration, compression, and registration. Registration involves mapping image frames for tasks like object recognition.
3. Common processing techniques include contrast intensification to improve poor contrast, smoothing to reduce noise, and sharpening to enhance blurred details.
An Introduction to Image Processing and Artificial IntelligenceWasif Altaf
This document provides an introduction to image processing and artificial intelligence. It defines what an image is from different perspectives including in literature, general terms, and in computer science as an exact replica of a storage device. It describes image processing as analyzing and manipulating images with three main steps: importing an image, manipulating or analyzing it, and outputting the result. It also discusses what noise is in images, methods to remove noise, color enhancement techniques, sharpening images to increase contrast, and segmentation and edge detection.
This document discusses digital image processing. It defines digital images as two-dimensional representations of values stored as pixels in computer memory. Digital image processing involves enhancing images, extracting information and features, and manipulating images using computer software. The document outlines common image processing techniques like image compression, enhancement, and measurement extraction. It also describes the basics of digital image editing using software to alter pixel values and change image properties.
This document provides an overview of image processing and related concepts. It discusses:
1) What an image is, the basic steps of image processing like acquisition, analysis and output, and the two main types: analogue and digital.
2) Key aspects of digital image processing including what a digital image and pixel are, and common processing steps of pre-processing, enhancement and extraction.
3) Common image processing techniques like enhancement which adjusts images, and segmentation which partitions an image into meaningful segments.
4) Image classification which predicts categories from inputs, and the main types of supervised and unsupervised classification. It provides an example using Landsat satellite images.
Raster images are composed of pixels and do not scale well, as enlarging an image causes pixels to become visible and image quality to degrade. Vector images use mathematics to define objects as paths rather than pixels, allowing them to be scaled to any size without quality loss. Raster images are better for photos while vector images are better for logos and illustrations that may need resizing.
- Pictures are made up of tiny squares called pixels that combine to form an image. The more pixels per image, the higher the quality.
- Image quality can be determined by how much it needs to be zoomed in before pixels become visible. Higher resolution images have smaller, closer pixels that provide clearer details.
- Compression reduces file size by removing some image data. Lossy compression discards more data than lossless compression, resulting in lower quality but smaller files. Compression level affects quality, with higher compression removing more details.
- Vector images use mathematical equations to represent lines and shapes, rather than pixels, so they do not pixelate when zoomed in like raster images. They also tend to be
The document discusses different types of images, image resolution, and aspect ratio. It explains that images can be vector, raster, or photographs. Resolution is measured in pixels per inch (PPI) and dots per inch (DPI) printed, with higher resolution images having more detail but larger file sizes. Aspect ratio refers to an image's width to height. Enlarging an image reduces its resolution and quality, as pixels are enlarged but not added.
Image processing techniques can be used for face recognition applications. The process involves decomposing face images into subbands using discrete wavelet transform. The mid-frequency subband is selected and principal component analysis is applied to extract representational bases. These bases are stored for training images and used to translate probe images into representations which are classified to identify faces by matching with training representations. This approach segments discriminatory facial features to recognize identities despite variations in illumination, pose, expression and other factors.
The document discusses the fundamental steps in digital image processing. It describes 7 key steps: (1) image acquisition, (2) image enhancement, (3) image restoration, (4) color image processing, (5) wavelets and multiresolution processing, (6) image compression, and (7) morphological processing. For each step, it provides brief explanations of the techniques and purposes involved in digital image processing.
This document discusses different types of digital images, including vector and bitmap images. Vector images are resolution independent and composed of mathematical representations of points, lines and curves, while bitmap images are made up of pixels that can lose quality when resized. The document also covers factors that impact image quality like compression and resolution, different methods of image capture, outputs for printing or screens, and considerations for file storage and management.
Introduction to Image Processing:Image ModalitiesKalyan Acharjya
This document provides an overview of digital image processing and various imaging modalities. It discusses how digital image processing is used across many fields today. It also summarizes different types of imaging modalities like gamma ray, X-ray, UV, visible light, IR, microwave, radio, acoustic and electron microscopy imaging. The document encourages readers to be aware of the wide applications of digital image processing.
The artist began by drawing the outline of an eye in separate layers, filling in the white and blue parts but leaving the black part empty. They then inserted another image inside the empty part of the eye, sizing and positioning it to fit. Additional images were layered on top, with the artist tracing around them and coloring within the lines. The final layered image showed parts of the added images sticking out of the eye.
This document outlines the requirements for a Level 3 Extended Diploma in Creative Media Production unit assignment, where the student must originate, develop, research, pitch and manage the production of an independently devised media project from pre-production through post-production while demonstrating acquired skills and adhering to a self-devised production schedule. The project must relate to video, audio, motion graphics, photography or graphic design and show idea generation, planning, adaptation to changes and overcoming difficulties. Students will be graded on criteria including creativity, flair, independence and work to a professional standard.
This document provides instructions for a student to create a technical presentation file on an assigned topic using slide software. The student is told to use the template to fully explain and illustrate the topic through text, images, and slides. Sources must be cited and the presentation should be reviewed before uploading it to Slideshare and the student's blog. Students are also encouraged to ask for help if needed.
The student has been working on their final major project to create a celebrity and fashion magazine. Over the past month they have:
1) Developed their initial project proposal and conducted market research by analyzing similar magazines and creating mood boards.
2) Created a presentation pitching their magazine concept and delivered the pitch.
3) Begun designing elements like the magazine masthead and front cover layout.
Going forward, they plan to continue designing the front cover and add cover lines, then progress to laying out magazine pages and scheduling photo shoots to complete images needed. Contingency plans include rescheduling photo sessions if equipment is unavailable.
The document discusses key design elements including line, shape, texture, space, size, and value (and color). It provides definitions and examples for each element. Line can organize or divide elements using rules. Shape refers to external outlines like circles, squares, and triangles. Texture adds richness through visual or pattern texture. Space includes white space or negative space between elements. Size relates to scale and relationships between objects. Value adds dimension through lightness and darkness, and color can further enhance mood.
01 introduction image processing analysisRumah Belajar
This document provides an introduction to image processing and analysis. It discusses image acquisition, pre-processing techniques like image transforms and enhancement, and applications of image processing. Image transforms like the discrete Fourier transform and discrete cosine transform are used to represent images in different domains. Image enhancement techniques accentuate features to make images more useful for display and analysis. Common techniques include adjusting histograms, using median filters, and performing operations in transform domains.
Images are visual representations that can be used to record and present information. There are various techniques for acquiring, processing, and manipulating digital images with computers. The fundamental steps in digital image processing typically involve image acquisition, enhancement, restoration, compression, and segmentation. Imaging systems cover a wide range of the electromagnetic spectrum and light is commonly used for imaging due to its safe, reliable, and controllable properties.
This document contains a lecture on image compression. It begins with definitions of image compression and discusses the goals of data reduction and retaining necessary visual information. It describes different types of redundancy in images like coding, inter-pixel, and psychovisual redundancy that compression algorithms exploit. Common lossy and lossless compression techniques are outlined like Run Length Encoding, Huffman coding, and JPEG. The document emphasizes that compression is an application-specific balance between file size reduction and maintaining enough visual quality.
The document discusses digital image processing and provides an overview of key concepts. It defines digital and analog images and explains how digital images are represented by pixels. It outlines fundamental steps in digital image processing like image acquisition, enhancement, restoration, morphological processing, segmentation, representation, compression and object recognition. It also discusses applications in areas like remote sensing, medical imaging, film and video effects.
This document discusses different types of images used in multimedia. It describes bitmapped images, which are composed of pixels and have attributes like resolution and color depth that determine file size. Vector images are composed of graphic primitives defined by mathematical equations and can be resized without quality loss. The document outlines popular file formats for bitmaps and vectors as well as software used to create and edit different image types. Hardware and file conversion are also mentioned.
1. Digital image processing focuses on improving images for human interpretation and machine perception. It involves digitizing an image using sensors and processors then displaying the digital image.
2. The key stages of digital image processing are enhancement, restoration, compression, and registration. Registration involves mapping image frames for tasks like object recognition.
3. Common processing techniques include contrast intensification to improve poor contrast, smoothing to reduce noise, and sharpening to enhance blurred details.
An Introduction to Image Processing and Artificial IntelligenceWasif Altaf
This document provides an introduction to image processing and artificial intelligence. It defines what an image is from different perspectives including in literature, general terms, and in computer science as an exact replica of a storage device. It describes image processing as analyzing and manipulating images with three main steps: importing an image, manipulating or analyzing it, and outputting the result. It also discusses what noise is in images, methods to remove noise, color enhancement techniques, sharpening images to increase contrast, and segmentation and edge detection.
This document discusses digital image processing. It defines digital images as two-dimensional representations of values stored as pixels in computer memory. Digital image processing involves enhancing images, extracting information and features, and manipulating images using computer software. The document outlines common image processing techniques like image compression, enhancement, and measurement extraction. It also describes the basics of digital image editing using software to alter pixel values and change image properties.
This document provides an overview of image processing and related concepts. It discusses:
1) What an image is, the basic steps of image processing like acquisition, analysis and output, and the two main types: analogue and digital.
2) Key aspects of digital image processing including what a digital image and pixel are, and common processing steps of pre-processing, enhancement and extraction.
3) Common image processing techniques like enhancement which adjusts images, and segmentation which partitions an image into meaningful segments.
4) Image classification which predicts categories from inputs, and the main types of supervised and unsupervised classification. It provides an example using Landsat satellite images.
Raster images are composed of pixels and do not scale well, as enlarging an image causes pixels to become visible and image quality to degrade. Vector images use mathematics to define objects as paths rather than pixels, allowing them to be scaled to any size without quality loss. Raster images are better for photos while vector images are better for logos and illustrations that may need resizing.
- Pictures are made up of tiny squares called pixels that combine to form an image. The more pixels per image, the higher the quality.
- Image quality can be determined by how much it needs to be zoomed in before pixels become visible. Higher resolution images have smaller, closer pixels that provide clearer details.
- Compression reduces file size by removing some image data. Lossy compression discards more data than lossless compression, resulting in lower quality but smaller files. Compression level affects quality, with higher compression removing more details.
- Vector images use mathematical equations to represent lines and shapes, rather than pixels, so they do not pixelate when zoomed in like raster images. They also tend to be
The document discusses different types of images, image resolution, and aspect ratio. It explains that images can be vector, raster, or photographs. Resolution is measured in pixels per inch (PPI) and dots per inch (DPI) printed, with higher resolution images having more detail but larger file sizes. Aspect ratio refers to an image's width to height. Enlarging an image reduces its resolution and quality, as pixels are enlarged but not added.
Image processing techniques can be used for face recognition applications. The process involves decomposing face images into subbands using discrete wavelet transform. The mid-frequency subband is selected and principal component analysis is applied to extract representational bases. These bases are stored for training images and used to translate probe images into representations which are classified to identify faces by matching with training representations. This approach segments discriminatory facial features to recognize identities despite variations in illumination, pose, expression and other factors.
The document discusses the fundamental steps in digital image processing. It describes 7 key steps: (1) image acquisition, (2) image enhancement, (3) image restoration, (4) color image processing, (5) wavelets and multiresolution processing, (6) image compression, and (7) morphological processing. For each step, it provides brief explanations of the techniques and purposes involved in digital image processing.
This document discusses different types of digital images, including vector and bitmap images. Vector images are resolution independent and composed of mathematical representations of points, lines and curves, while bitmap images are made up of pixels that can lose quality when resized. The document also covers factors that impact image quality like compression and resolution, different methods of image capture, outputs for printing or screens, and considerations for file storage and management.
Introduction to Image Processing:Image ModalitiesKalyan Acharjya
This document provides an overview of digital image processing and various imaging modalities. It discusses how digital image processing is used across many fields today. It also summarizes different types of imaging modalities like gamma ray, X-ray, UV, visible light, IR, microwave, radio, acoustic and electron microscopy imaging. The document encourages readers to be aware of the wide applications of digital image processing.
The artist began by drawing the outline of an eye in separate layers, filling in the white and blue parts but leaving the black part empty. They then inserted another image inside the empty part of the eye, sizing and positioning it to fit. Additional images were layered on top, with the artist tracing around them and coloring within the lines. The final layered image showed parts of the added images sticking out of the eye.
This document outlines the requirements for a Level 3 Extended Diploma in Creative Media Production unit assignment, where the student must originate, develop, research, pitch and manage the production of an independently devised media project from pre-production through post-production while demonstrating acquired skills and adhering to a self-devised production schedule. The project must relate to video, audio, motion graphics, photography or graphic design and show idea generation, planning, adaptation to changes and overcoming difficulties. Students will be graded on criteria including creativity, flair, independence and work to a professional standard.
This document provides instructions for a student to create a technical presentation file on an assigned topic using slide software. The student is told to use the template to fully explain and illustrate the topic through text, images, and slides. Sources must be cited and the presentation should be reviewed before uploading it to Slideshare and the student's blog. Students are also encouraged to ask for help if needed.
The student has been working on their final major project to create a celebrity and fashion magazine. Over the past month they have:
1) Developed their initial project proposal and conducted market research by analyzing similar magazines and creating mood boards.
2) Created a presentation pitching their magazine concept and delivered the pitch.
3) Begun designing elements like the magazine masthead and front cover layout.
Going forward, they plan to continue designing the front cover and add cover lines, then progress to laying out magazine pages and scheduling photo shoots to complete images needed. Contingency plans include rescheduling photo sessions if equipment is unavailable.
The document summarizes a risk assessment for filming a production. It identifies potential hazards such as hygiene, trips and slips, accidents, and electrical issues. Controls that are already in place include providing toilets and drinks, keeping areas clear, having a first aid kit available, and not allowing drinks near electrical equipment. The assessment rates the likelihood, severity, and overall risk of each hazard both with and without additional controls. Hazards rated as very high risks may require immediate action or a risk control plan.
This document discusses different types of commercial photography including advertising photography, fashion photography, music photography, sports photography, and photojournalism. Advertising photography aims to promote products and services through photographs. Fashion photography involves glamorous models and locations to showcase trends innovatively. Music photography includes album photography and concert photography. Sports photography covers team and individual athletic events. Photojournalism presents edited news material through photographs.
The document discusses experiments applying various audio effects to a recording. Effects included speeding up the recording 100% and adding delays, as well as applying a "glitch" effect that made the recording sound like a robot impersonating a human. Additional effects included a "freeze effect" that caused constant pausing, altering the pitch, and using the "voxentengo" VST plugin while adjusting dryness and wet R parameters to add background noise like a whispering voice in a forest.
The artist began by drawing the outline of an eye in separate layers, filling in the white and blue parts but leaving the black part empty. They then inserted another image inside the empty part of the eye, sizing and positioning it to fit. Additional images were layered on top, with the artist tracing around them and coloring within the lines. The final layered image showed parts of the added images sticking out of the eye.
This document summarizes the results of a magazine questionnaire. The questionnaire asked respondents about their preferences for magazine covers and contents pages. For the cover, most respondents preferred a design with one main image and background. For contents pages, respondents preferred brief explanations of page topics accompanied by images rather than long blocks of text. Based on the results, the document outlines how the magazine cover and contents pages will be designed.
The document provides information about various types of digital image formats including raster images, vector images, and file formats. It discusses key aspects of raster images such as how they represent images using pixels that store color data. It contrasts raster images with vector images which use geometric primitives and mathematical equations. It also briefly outlines some common file formats and color models used in digital images.
This document discusses two remakes: Quarantine, a 2008 American remake of the 2007 Spanish film Rec, and The Karate Kid, a 2010 remake of the 1984 film of the same name. It notes that remakes are popular due to financial benefits. Quarantine was remade quickly by Screen Gems to capitalize on interest in Rec while it was still fresh. Though it had a larger budget, Quarantine did not earn more than the original Rec. The Karate Kid remake earned much more than the original due to star power of actors like Will Smith and Jackie Chan, as well as extensive merchandise like clothing and music.
The document provides instructions for editing an audio recording by splitting it into parts, setting the channel to stereo for sound to come out of both ears, selecting the WAV output format to play it back, and going through this process to listen to the edited recording on Windows Media Player.
The document compares two music magazines, Recognise and NME. Both magazines only use one background image. Recognise is aimed at an older audience and only uses grey and white colors with more text. NME is aimed at a younger audience and uses brighter colors like red and pink for its masthead and band names. While both only use one image, NME makes its cover appear more engaging for its younger target demographic by using bolder colors and design elements.
This document contains weekly progress updates from a student working on their final major project for a BTEC Extended Diploma in Creative Media Production. In the first update, the student decides to create a celebrity, beauty, and fashion magazine for older teenage girls. Subsequent updates discuss completing a time management plan, researching competitor magazines, drafting a project proposal, and creating mood boards. The student plans to take photos for the magazine but is unable to book a camera from college as needed for exams. They will reschedule photos and work on a market research questionnaire in the coming weeks.
Ashleigh Darlington is an American portrait photographer who was influenced by Robert Frank. She began her career at Rolling Stone magazine and worked at other magazines while pursuing personal projects.
Annie Leibovitz is known for her dark style of photography. This Disney-themed photo tells a story by compositing multiple images into one scene using people in the foreground and background. Leibovitz uses rule-of-thirds composition and transforms her photos in post-production to create a fantasy feel. While her simple portraits can seem generic, her imaginative composite images that tell stories are what make her photography unique.
The document discusses various topics related to digital images, including raster images, vector images, file formats, color models, and image editing software. Raster images represent images as a grid of pixels while vector images use geometric primitives. Common file formats include JPEG, TIFF, EPS, PSD, and PDF. Color models include RGB, CMYK, and HSV/HSL. Adobe Photoshop and Illustrator are widely used image editing programs.
Technical concepts for graphic design production 2Ahmed Ismail
Technical concepts for graphic design production includes:
1- History Of Graphic Design.
2- Graphics Types.
3- Bitmaps.
4- Color Gamut.
5- Files Formats.
6- Resolutions.
7- Color Depth.
8- Document Structure.
9- Digital Printing.
10 - pdf.
11- Color Management System CMS.
The document discusses key concepts in digital graphics and design including:
- The differences between raster (bitmap) and vector graphics and their uses.
- Anti-aliasing techniques to reduce jagged edges in raster images.
- Factors that impact image quality such as resolution, aspect ratio, and file formats.
- Color models like RGB and CMYK.
- Popular design software like Adobe Photoshop, Illustrator, and InDesign.
This technical file discusses various concepts related to digital images, including vector graphics, raster images, anti-aliasing, resolution, aspect ratio, file formats, color models, and image editing software such as Adobe Photoshop, Illustrator, and InDesign. Vector graphics use mathematical equations to represent images while raster images use a grid of pixels. Anti-aliasing makes rough edges appear smoother. Resolution and aspect ratio affect image quality and size. Different file formats are used to save images. Color models describe how colors are represented numerically. Photoshop, Illustrator, and InDesign allow for digital image manipulation and design.
Wondering about using PNG or JPG or BMP or GIF. This presentation will answer all your queries related to designing digital images and which formats are best while saving them..
Terms like raster images, vector images, vectors, alpha channels, transparency, palettes, compression are explained here.
Vector images use mathematical formulas of lines and curves to create shapes without using pixels, allowing them to stay smooth when zoomed in or out. Raster images are made up of pixels that become visible as jagged edges when zoomed in. Antialiasing reduces jagged edges by surrounding pixel borders with intermediate shades, making lines appear smoother. Image resolution, measured in DPI or PPI, determines image quality and file size, with higher resolution images having more pixels and better quality but larger file sizes. Common file formats for images include TIFF, JPEG, PNG, and GIF, each suited for different uses.
Vector images use mathematical formulas of lines and curves to create shapes without using pixels, allowing them to stay smooth when zoomed in or out. Raster images are made up of pixels that become visible when zoomed in, revealing the image to be made of a series of dots. Higher resolution images have more pixels and result in better quality printing but larger file sizes. Aspect ratio refers to the width-to-height ratio of an image.
Vector graphics are made up of mathematical expressions and can be scaled without losing quality. Common vector formats include .Ai, .Cdr and .Pdf. Vector graphics are used for illustrations, drawings and cartoons. Bitmap images are made of pixels and are resolution dependent, so they cannot be scaled up without losing quality. Common bitmap formats are .jpg, .png and .tif. Bitmaps are used for photos. A pixel is the smallest part of a bitmap image. Factors that impact image quality include compression, which loses data; and resolution, as higher resolution means better quality but larger file size.
Vector graphics use mathematical expressions to build images out of points, lines and curves. They can be scaled to any size without losing clarity or quality. Common vector formats include .Ai, .Cdr and .PDF. In contrast, bitmap (raster) images are made up of pixels and are resolution-dependent, so they lose quality when scaled up. Common bitmap formats are .jpg, .png and .tif. Factors that impact image quality include compression, which can lose data and quality, and resolution, as higher resolution means better quality but larger file sizes. Vector images allow resizing without quality loss while bitmaps captured by cameras are stored at a fixed resolution. Larger or higher resolution images result in larger file sizes which
Vector graphics use mathematical expressions to build images out of points, lines and curves. They can be scaled to any size without losing clarity or quality. Common vector formats include .Ai, .Cdr and .PDF. In contrast, bitmap (raster) images are made up of pixels and are resolution-dependent, so they lose quality when scaled up. Common bitmap formats are .jpg, .png and .tif. Factors that impact image quality include compression, which can lose data and quality, and resolution, as higher resolution means better quality but larger file sizes. Vector images allow resizing without quality loss while bitmaps captured by cameras are fixed resolutions. Larger, higher resolution images result in larger file sizes, slower downloads and
Pixels are the smallest controllable elements that make up a digital image. More pixels result in higher resolution and more image detail. Raster images are made of pixels and lose clarity when scaled, while vector images are based on paths and can scale without quality loss. Common file formats include BMP, PNG, GIF, TIFF, JPG, PSD, PDF, EPS and AI. Compression reduces file sizes by eliminating unnecessary data in either a lossless or lossy manner. Devices like cameras and screen capture software are used to capture images. Optimizing improves efficiency and reduces resource usage, while asset management involves organizing, backing up and exporting digital files.
Pixels are the smallest controllable elements that compose an image. When put together, pixels of varying colors blend to form the overall picture. The number of colors a pixel can display depends on its bit depth. Higher bit depths allow for more colors and higher quality images. Video and image resolution refers to the number of pixels and depends on factors like aspect ratio, frame rate, and video format. Compression reduces file sizes by discarding some image data using codecs, which can lower quality. Compositing combines separate visual elements to create a single image through layering and green screening.
Pixel is the smallest controllable element that makes up an image on a digital display. Each pixel can only display one color and together they blend to show different shades. Resolution refers to the sharpness of an image, measured by the number of pixels per inch (PPI). Higher resolutions like 4,000x2,700 pixels allow for clearer large prints without quality loss compared to low resolutions like 256x256 pixels. Aspect ratios describe the dimensional relationship between width and height of screens, images, or videos. Common aspect ratios include 4:3, 16:9, and 1.85:1.
Vector graphics use mathematical relationships between points and paths to describe images, allowing them to be scaled without losing quality. Raster graphics store images as a grid of pixels at a fixed resolution, so enlarging them degrades quality. Anti-aliasing disguises jagged edges by making them appear smooth. File formats like JPG and PNG compress images to reduce size, while formats like PSD and PDF preserve editing capabilities. Programs like Photoshop, Illustrator, and InDesign allow editing and designing raster and vector images professionally.
This document provides information on various topics related to digital images and design software. It discusses the differences between raster and vector images, describes anti-aliasing and its purpose, and covers concepts like resolution, aspect ratio, and file formats. Color models like RGB and CMYK are explained as well as design programs like Photoshop, Illustrator, and InDesign. Sources are provided for further reading on each topic.
This document provides information on various graphics and design topics including raster graphics, vector graphics, antialiasing, resolution, aspect ratio, file formats, color models, and Adobe software like Photoshop, Illustrator, and InDesign. Raster graphics use pixels to form images while vector graphics use mathematical formulas. Photoshop is used for photo editing, Illustrator for vector graphics and design work, and InDesign for print layouts like magazines.
Raster images represent digital images as a series of pixels, where each pixel represents a point of color. Vector images use geometric primitives like points and curves defined by mathematical equations. Anti-aliasing tricks the eye into seeing jagged edges as smooth by slightly blurring pixel edges. Image resolution describes the amount of detail an image contains, which can be measured in lines per inch or pixels. Common file formats include GIF for images with few colors and JPEG for photographic images. Photoshop and Illustrator are programs for editing and creating raster and vector images respectively.
Raster images are made up of grids of pixels and require more storage space as resolution increases. Vector images are composed of paths defined by points and curves that can scale to any size without quality loss. Common file formats for raster images are JPEG and GIF, while vector formats include Adobe Illustrator and EPS. Resolution specifies the detail an image holds, and aspect ratio expresses the proportional relationship between an image's width and height.
The document discusses key concepts in digital imaging including pixels, resolution, colour depth, aspect ratios, frame rates, video formats, video compression, and video compositing. It explains that images are made up of pixels which can only display one colour each but together form images. Higher resolution means more pixels per inch and clearer images. More colour depth allows more colours to be displayed. Aspect ratios and frame rates impact the shape and smoothness of motion in images. Video compression reduces file sizes by discarding some image data. Compositing merges separate visual elements into one scene.
Vector graphics use mathematical formulas to define shapes and lines, allowing the images to be scaled and resized without loss of quality. Raster graphics are composed of pixels in a grid, so enlarging the image can cause it to look pixelated or blurry. The document compares vector and raster formats, explaining their properties such as file size, quality when resized, and common file extensions like PDF, AI and JPG. It also provides examples of when each format is generally more suitable.
This document contains a personal profile and details for Ashleigh Darlington, including her contact information, education history, and work experience. It summarizes that she recently completed a two-year creative media studies course at Salford City College where she gained skills in filmmaking, teamwork, research, time management and communication. It also lists her work placements at a primary school and charity shop where she assisted teachers, organized activities, and helped process donations. The document provides references from two of her teachers at Salford City College.
The student created a magazine for a school project. They conducted research by analyzing existing magazines, distributing a questionnaire, and editing photos for their own magazine. Their final product included a logo, front cover, contents page, and double page feature spread. Based on feedback, they would improve their target audience definition and take more photos. Overall, their PowerPoint research and double page spread were strongest elements, while time management and initially lacking interview ideas were weaknesses.
The author conducted a survey asking people to choose between 4 magazine covers they liked to determine which design was most appealing. The results showed that 8 people chose the first cover, 12 chose the second, 4 chose the third, and 6 chose the fourth. For a second question, most respondents (28) preferred a cover with one main image and more text than designs with lots of text.
The document discusses various aspects of aspect ratios including how they describe the proportional relationship between an image's width and height. Common aspect ratios for still cameras are 4:3, 3:2, and 16:9 while 16:9 is most common for consumer cameras. When converting between formats with unequal ratios, the image is enlarged to fill the target display and parts that don't fit are cropped out.
Ansel Adams was an American landscape photographer known for his black and white photos of the American West in the 1920s-1930s. His career began in 1927 with a successful portfolio that led to commercial assignments. In the 1930s, his work matured as he experimented with close-up and large-scale landscape details like mountains and factories. The student discusses their favorite Adams photo, which features the sun's reflection on water and more light than usual in his black and white images. They also note the tilted camera angle used, which they prefer over straight-on landscapes. While admiring Adams' work, the student notes finding colorized versions they prefer and understands equipment limitations of Adams' time.
Eve Arnold was an American photographer born in 1912. She became interested in photography after working in a photo finishing plant in 1946 and learned skills from Harper's Bazaar art director Alexy Brodovitch. Arnold was known for photographing iconic figures and documenting the lives of the poor. She had her first solo exhibition in the early 1980s at the Brooklyn Museum, which featured her work in China. Arnold received numerous awards throughout her career and was appointed to the Advisory Committee of the National Media Museum before her death in 2013 at age 99. The document discusses some of Arnold's photographs of Marilyn Monroe from the 1960s film The Misfits, noting how Arnold captured her in a more relaxed manner. It also analyzes
The document summarizes the editing process the author took to prepare an image for use as a magazine cover. They cropped the image to remove extra background, increased the brightness and contrast to make it stand out to their teenage audience. They used auto contrast to lighten it but this gave it a yellow tone, so they used hue/saturation to remove the excess yellow. Finally, they adjusted the curves to further refine the brightness levels, producing the final cover image.
The photographer took 28 images of models for their music magazine cover, contents page, and double page spread using a borrowed camera. They selected 6 images that they edited and used in the magazine. The photographer wishes they had taken more photos to provide more options to choose from, as most of the 28 images were similar or unusable. They ended up using a spontaneously captured image for the cover rather than their original planned pose.
The student created a magazine for a school project. They conducted research by analyzing existing magazines, distributing a questionnaire, and editing photos for their magazine. Their influences were Kerrang and NME magazines. They designed a logo and edited photos to have a consistent bright style. Feedback was positive overall but suggested improving images and clarifying the target audience. The student felt they best executed their research presentations and double page spread, though time management was a weakness.
This document discusses image resolution and the factors that determine resolution. It explains that resolution is measured in pixels per inch (PPI) and describes the resolution of common cameras and images. Higher resolution images have more pixels and can capture more detail. The standard resolutions for print and screen display are listed. Image quality also depends on sensor size, as larger pixels can capture light more accurately.
Pixels are the smallest addressable elements that make up digital images. They are arranged in a grid on imaging sensors and display screens. Each pixel can only represent one color at a time, but together they blend to create the illusion of a full color image. Color depth refers to the number of bits used per pixel to represent color, with more bits allowing for more possible colors. Common color depths include 1 bit (2 colors), 8 bits (256 colors), and 24 bits (over 16 million colors). Digital camera sensors use a grid of light-sensitive pixels that convert photons to electrons through the photoelectric effect. The captured data is then converted to digital information representing the color values of each pixel.
The document discusses editing photographs for a magazine. The author cropped backgrounds from photos, adjusted brightness, contrast and added color tints in Photoshop. Images featured in the magazine will have a dark or blue style. One photo was duplicated to show a mirror image. Effects were added to photos to fit the magazine's theme and standards.
The document discusses editing photographs for a magazine. The author cropped backgrounds from photos, adjusted brightness, contrast and added color tints in Photoshop. Images featured in the magazine will have a dark or blue style. One photo was duplicated to show a mirror image. Effects were added to photos to fit the magazine's theme and standards.
The document discusses the marketing and audience targeting of the 2013 film Iron Man 3. It notes that Iron Man 3 had a wide target audience of both genders and all ages since the film covered many genres. An extensive marketing campaign was conducted, including trailers, merchandise, posters on buses and billboards. The poster uses a large iconic image of Iron Man to represent the film and ensure recognition. Extensive research is also conducted before and after production to understand the target audience and get feedback to improve the film.
The document discusses the marketing and target audience of the 2013 film Iron Man 3. It notes that Iron Man 3 had a wide target audience that included both men and women of all ages. As such, the producers employed a large marketing campaign, including trailers, merchandise like t-shirts, and posters featuring Robert Downey Jr. as Iron Man. The poster uses a simple but recognizable image of Iron Man to appeal to both young and older potential audiences. Research, both primary and secondary, is also crucial to film production. Producers must understand audience preferences, locations, weather, and more to ensure a film's success.
The opening credits of Spiderman 2 use animation and visual effects throughout. Images from the Spiderman 2 comic books are shown flipping rapidly, making it seem like the pages are moving very fast. A spider web is animated in the background, changing color depending on the scene. Text and images fly onto the screen. Rotation is used to make the web appear like it is being constructed. Pictures constantly move around the screen. The resolution is standard TV definition at 4:3 ratio with 24 frames per second for a smooth viewing experience without stuttering.
The document summarizes the ending credits for the film Breaking Dawn Part 2. It describes the visual elements seen in the credits including clips of the main characters Kristen Stewart and Robert Pattinson together in a field that then fades to black showing pages being turned in a book. Text is animated and clips of the characters are shown along with the actors' names. Advanced techniques like blur and distortion are used. The credits have standard TV definition and resolution of 4:3 with 24 frames per second for a smooth viewing experience.
This document provides a summary and analysis of the credits sequence for the film "Toy Story". It describes the techniques used in the credits such as animation, visual effects, color rendering and movement. Images and clips from the film are shown in a box with a black background as the cast names move up in white text. Advanced techniques like blur, sharpening, distortion and rotation are used as the images change. The video format is standard TV definition with a 4:3 screen ratio and 24 frames per second for smooth playback.
Ashleigh Darlington is a 17-year old student studying Creative Media Production at Salford City College. She has produced a short horror film, music video, and NHS advertisement during her course, gaining research, time management, and communication skills. She is currently looking for part-time employment that she could start immediately and describes herself as happy, helpful, friendly, hardworking, flexible, reliable, and optimistic.
1. BTec Level 3
Extended Diploma in Creative Media Production
HA1 - Technical File – Ashleigh Darlington.
2. BTec Level 3
Extended Diploma in Creative Media Production
HA1 - Technical File – Raster images.
A raster image, also called a bitmap is a way to represent digital
images. The raster image takes a wide variety of formats. A
raster image represents an image in a series of bits of
information which translate into pixels on the screen. These
pixels form points of colour which create an overall finished
image. When a raster image is created the image on the screen
is converted into pixels and each pixel is assigned a specific
value which determines its colour.
When a raster image is viewed, the pixels usually smooth out
visually for the user who sees a photograph or drawing, when
blown up the pixels in a raster image become apparent.
Depending on resolution, some raster images can be enlarged to
very large sizes, while others quickly become difficult to see. The
smaller the resolution, the smaller the digital image file, for this
reason people who work with computer graphics must find a
balance between resolution and image size.
Resolution refers to the number of pixels per inch (PPI) or dots
per inch (DPI) in the image. The higher the resolution the greater
the number of pixels, this allows a greater radiation of colour that
will translate better as the image is enlarged. The more pixels,
the more individual points of data to be stored, as well. For high
quality photography, a high DPI is preferred because the images
will look more appealing to the viewer. For small images which
do not need to be blown up, or when quality is not important, a
http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-raster- low DPI can be used
image.htm
3. HA1 - Technical File – Vector images
Vector graphics is the use of geometrical primitives such as lines, curves, points
and shapes or polygons which are all based on mathematical equations to
represent images in computer graphics.
These are instances where working with vector tools and formats is the best
practice. There are times when both formats come together. An
understanding of the advantages and limitations of each technology and the
relationship between them is most likely to result in efficient and effective use
of tools.
Vector graphics formats are complementary to raster graphics, which is the
representation of images as an array of pixels as its typically used for the
representations of photographic images Vector graphics are stored as
mathematical expressions as opposed to bit mapped graphics which are
stored as a series of mapped 'dots', also known as pixels (picture cells) There
are instances when working with vector tools and formats is the best practice,
and instances when working with raster tools and formats is the best practice.
This example shows the effect of vector
Vector formats are not always appropriate in graphics work because devices such graphics versus raster graphics> The
as cameras and scanners produce raster graphics that are impractical to original vector based illustration is the
one shown at the left. The lower right
convert into vectors. image illustrates the same
magnification as a bitmap image.
Vector images can be scaled
indefinitely without degrading quality.
4. Anti-aliasing.
In digital signal processing, spatial anti-aliasing is the technique of minimizing the distortion
artefacts known as aliasing when representing a high resolution image at a lower resolution.
Anti-aliasing is used on digital photography, computer graphics, digital audio, and many
other applications.
Anti-aliasing means removing signal components that have higher frequency than is able to be
properly resolved by the recording (or sampling) device. The removal is done before sampling
at a lower resolution. When sampling is preformed without removing this part of the signal,
it causes undesirable artefacts such as the black and white noise near the top of figure 1-a
below.
In this approach, the ideal image is regarded as a
signal. The image displayed on the screen is taken as
samples, at each (x,y) pixel position, of a filtered
Above left: an version of the signal. Ideally, we would understand
aliased version of how the human brain would process the original
a simple shape.
Above right: an signal, and provide an image on screen that will yield
anti-aliased the most similar response by the brain
version of the
same shape.
Right: The anti-
aliased graphic at
5x magnification.
5. Image Resolution
Image resolution describes the detail an image holds. The term applies to
raster digital images, film, images, and other different types of images.
Higher resolution means more image detail.
Image resolution can be measured in various ways. Basically resolution
quantifies how close lines can be to each other and still be visibly
removed. Resolution units can be tried to physical sizes to the overall
size of the picture or to angular subtenant. Line pairs are often used
instead of lines, a line pair compromises a dark line and an adjacent line.
A resolution of ten lines per millimetre. Photographic lens and film
resolution are most often quoted in line pairs per millimetre.
Spatial Resolution:
The measure of how closely lines can
be resolved in an image is called spatial
resolution, and it depends on properties A classic test target
of the system creating the image, not used to determinate
just the pixel resolution in pixels per spatial resolution of
imaging sensors and
inch.
imaging sensors.
6. Aspect Ratio.
The aspect ratio of an image is the ratio of the width of the image to its
height, expressed as two numbers separated by a colon. That is for an x:y
aspect ratio, no matter how big or small the image is, the width is divided
into x units of equal length and the height is measured using the same
length unit, the height will be measured to be y units.
Aspect ratios are mathematically expressed as x:y and Xxy with the letter
particularly used for pixel dimensions. Cinematographic aspect ratios are
usually denoted as a decimal multiple of width vs. unit height.
The most common aspect ratios used today in the presentation of films in
movie theatres are 1.85:1 and 2.39:1
5 common
aspect ratios:
7. File Formats
A file format is the standard way that information is encoded for
storage in files on the computer . It specifies how certain bits are
used to encode information.
GIF: This stands for Graphics Interchange Format, it is a bitmap image format that was introduced by
CompuServe in 1987 and due to its wide support and portability it developed into widespread usage on the
World Wide Web. The format supports up to 8 bits per pixel, this allows a single image to reference a pallet up
to 256 distinct colours. It also supports animations. The colour limitation makes the GIF format unsuitable for
reproducing colour photographs and other images that have continuous colours, but it works better with
simpler images such as graphics or logos.
TIFF: This stands for Tagged Image File Format and this is used for storing images and it used mostly by graphic artists,
people in the publishing industry and both amateur and professional photographers in general. Tiff formats are widely supported
by image manipulation applications, by publishing and using page layout applications.
EPS: This stands for Encapsulated PostScript this is a conforming PostScript document that has additional restrictions which are
intended to be useful as a graphics file format. EPS files are more or less self contained. It is a standard graphics file format for
exchanging images, drawings (such as a logo or map) or even layouts of complete pages.
PSD This is a Proprietary File Format that is used to create and edit images in Adobe Photoshop, which is a Graphics Editing
Programme. It is a widely accepted format as it supports all available image types – Bitmap, RGB, Duotone, Grey scale, Indexed
Colour, CMYK, Lab, and Multichannel.
PDF: This stands for Portable Document Format and it was developed in the early 1900’s. It is used to
represent documents independently of application software, hardware and operating systems. Every PDF file
encapsulates a complete description of a fixed-layout flat document this includes: font, text, graphics and other
information.
JFIF: This stands for JPEG File Interchange Format and this is a standard image file format. It is a format for
exchanging JPEG encoded files compliant with the JPEG interchange format (JIF) standard. It solves some of
JIF's limitations in regard to simple JPEG encoded file interchange and as with all these files, image date with
them is compressed by using the techniques in the JPEG standard.
8. Color models.
A color model is am abstract mathematical model by describing the way colours can represented as tuples
of numbers, typically as three or four values or colour components. When the model is associated with a
precise description of how the components are to be interpreted.
CMYK Colour Model RGB Color Model
Recognizing that the geometry of the
RGB model is poorly aligned with the
Color color-making attributes recognized by
human vision, computer graphics
printing researchers developed two alternate
typically representations of RGB, HSV and
uses ink of HSL. HSV and HSL improve on the
color cube representation of RGB by
four colors: arranging colors of each hue in a radial
cyan, slice, around a central axis of neutral
magenta, colors which ranges from black at the
yellow, and bottom to white at the top. The fully
saturated colors of each hue then lie in
key (black a circle, a colour wheel.
The CMYK color model (process color, four
color) is a subtractive colour model used in
colour printing, and is also used to describe
the printing process itself. CMYK refers to the
four inks used in some color printing: cyan,
magenta, yellow, and key (black).
9. Adobe Photoshop
Adobe photoshop is a graphics editing program developed and published by Adobe
Systems incorporated.
Adobe Photoshop is released in two editions: Adobe Photoshop, and Adobe
Photoshop Extended, with the Extended having extra 3D image creation, motion
graphics editing, and advanced image analysis features.
Features
Photoshop uses color models RGB, lab,
CMYK, greyscale, binary bitmap, and
duotone. Photoshop has the ability to read
and write raster and vector image formats
such as .EPS, .PING, .GIF, and .JPEG.
Photoshop has ties with other Adobe
software for media editing, animation, and
authoring. Photoshop has ties with other
Adobe software for media editing,
animation, and authoring.
10. Adobe Illustrator
Adobe Illustrator is a vector graphics editor developed and marketed Adobe
Systems. Illustrator is similar in scope, intended market, and functionality to its
competitors, Corel Draw and Macromedia Free Hand.
Features
Among the new features included in Illustrator CS2 were Live Trace, Live Paint, a
control palette and custom workspaces. Live Trace allows for the conversion of
bitmap imagery into vector art and improved upon the previous tracing abilities.
Live Paint allows users more flexibility in applying color to objects, specifically
those that overlap. In the same year as the CS2 release, Adobe Systems
announced an agreement to acquire Macromedia in a stock swap valued at about
$3.4 billion and it integrated the companies' operations, networks, and customer-
care organizations shortly thereafter. Adobe now owned FreeHand along with the
entire Macromedia product line and in 2007, Adobe announced that it would
discontinue development and updates to the FreeHand program. Instead, Adobe
would provide tools and support to ease the transition to Illustrator.
11. Adobe Indesign
Adobe InDesign is a software application produced by Adobe Systems. It can be
used to create works such as posters, flyers, brochures, magazines, newspapers
and books. In conjunction with Adobe Digital Publishing Suite InDesign can publish
content suitable for tablet devices. Graphic designers and production artists are the
principal users, creating and laying out periodical publications, posters, and print
media. It also supports export to EPUB and SWF formats to create digital
publications, and content suitable for consumption on tablet computer devices. The
Adobe in copy word processor uses the same formatting engine as InDesign.