The document lists names and provides brief biographies of famous mathematicians including: - Archimedes, who made many contributions to geometry and whose work started the idea for calculus. - Aryabhatta, who said Earth is spherical and revolves around the sun, and who gave the formula (a + b)2 = a2 + b2 + 2ab. - Bhaskaracharya, who was the first to give that any number divided by 0 gives infinity and wrote about concepts including zero, surds, and permutation. - Other mathematicians mentioned include Blaise Pascal, Copernicus, Euclid, Galileo, Gauss, Isaac Newton, Leonardo Da Vin